signed to the Sixth Infantry at Benicia, Cal.; and on Feb. 20, 1862, was placed on the retired list in consequence of disabilities incurred in the service. Though unable to perform field duty, he was anxious for military employment during the civil war, and after his official retirement was chief mustering and disbursing officer of Kentucky 1862-'63, and of the Department of the Pacific 1863-'64, was acting assistant provostmarshal in San Francisco 1865-'66, was brevetted brigadier-general, United States Army, March 13, 1865, and was fully retired in March, 1869.

Seay, William A., lawyer, born in Burkville, Va., in 1831; died at Shreveport, La., Dec. 21, 1888. He was graduated at Princeton College in 1850, subsequently went to St. Louis, became editor of the " Journal," a Democratic paper, and joined the "Kaw" Society during the Kansas troubles. Removing to Louisiana, he became a teacher in the State Military Academy, and during the civil war was a staff officer, and subsequently lieutenant of engineers. He was admitted to the bar, removed to Rapides, and entered upon practice. He served as a Democratic presidential elector in 1876, and as district judge and member of the Legislature. He was appointed chairman of the commission to revise the statutes of the State, and soon after the completion of this work, he was sent us minister resident to Bolivia. The climate disagree ing with him, he resigned, and returning to Louisiana, resumed the practice of his profession at Shreveport. Settle, Thomas, jurist, born in Rockingham County, N. C., Jan. 23, 1831; died in Raleigh, N. C., Dec. 1, 1888. He was graduated at the University of North Carolina in 1850, and soon afterward began the study of law. He became in 1854 a member of the State Legislature, in which he served till 1853, being Speaker of the House during the latter year. He opposed the secession movement, but entered the Confederate Army as captain in the Third North Carolina Regiment, and having served one year, returned to the practice of his profession. In 1865 he joined the Republican party, and was that year elected to the State Senate, over which he was called to preside. From 1868 til 1871 he was a judge of the Supreme Court of North Carolina, and from that place was called by President Grant to be United States minister to Peru, in which country he remained but a few months on account of feeble health. In June, 1872, he presided over the National Republican Convention. In 1877 he was appointed United States District Judge for the Northern District of Florida.

Sewall, Samuel Edmund, lawyer, born in Boston, Nov. 9, 1799; died there Dec. 20, 1838. He was graduated at Harvard in 1817, and at the Law School in 1821, and was admitted to the bar. The antislavery cause received from its infancy his most active support, and he was frequently called upon to defend fugitive slaves who were arrested, and threatened with a return to captivity. He was himself once arrested for the part he took in rescuing one of these unfortunates. William Lloyd Garrison early enlisted him as a supporter, and his pecuniary aid enabled Garrison to establish the "Liberator" and continue it through the first year, and even up to its last volHe prepared the arguments and assisted by his counsel and suggestions at the trial of John Brown. For several years he was the Liberty party's candidate for Governor of Massachusetts. He is said to have introduced and secured the passage of more bills for the benefit of women than any other man in Massachusetts. Grateful women placed a marble bust of him in Memorial Hall, at Lexington, and a marble tablet beneath it bears a poetic tribute from his intimate friend, John G. Whittier.

uine.

Sheridan, Mary Miner, pioneer, born in Cavan County, Ireland, April 16, 1801; died in Somerset, Ohio, June 12, 1888. She married John Sheridan, a native of the same county, in 1824; removed to Quebec, Canada, in 1829; to Albany, N. Y., in 1830; and to Somerset a few years afterward. While she was living in Albany, her oldest child, Philip Henry Sheridan, the

future General of the Army of the United States, was born, March 6, 1831. She was a woman of remarkable courage, pertinacity, and benevolence, was greatly attached to her children, and after their happiness and the discharge of her household duties, found her greatest delight in ministering to the sick and needy of her neighborhood. She became a widow in 1875.

Sheridan, Philip Henry, soldier, died in Nonquitt, Mass., Aug. 5, 1888. His birthplace has been sup posed to be Somerset, Ohio, but it was recently ascertained to be Albany, N. Y. (For a full sketch of his career, with a portrait on steel, see the “Annual Cyclopædia" for 1883, page 497.) During his last illness, a bill was passed by Congress and signed by the President, restoring the grade of full general in the United States Army, and Gen. Sheridan was appointed to that rank and immediately confirmed. Sibley, Hiram, financier, born in North Adams, Mass., Feb. 6, 1807; died in Rochester, N. Y., July 12, 1888. At an early age he was apprenticed to a shoemaker, but the trade was displeasing to him, and he set out, on completing his seventeenth year, for Lima, N. Y., where he found employment in a cotton-factory. Here he remained until the age of twenty-one, when he established a machine-shop at a place now called Sibleyville, in Monroe County. At the end of ten years he had established a business which he sold out for a sum that enabled him to remove to Rochester and there open a banking-house. Within five years he was elected sheriff of Monroe County. In 1854 he became associated with Ezra Cornell, and with him was largely interested in telegraph companies and grants under the Morse patent. Together they absorbed and brought into one large company twenty others, in which about $7,000,000 had been_invested, and thus organized the Western Union Telegraph Company, which was chartered by the Legislatures of Wisconsin and New York in 1856. Of this company he was the first president, and so remained till 1865, when failing health compelled him to retire. In 1860 he undertook his transcontinental telegraph, for the promotion of which Congress passed an act granting an annual subsidy for ten years of $40,000. Soon afterward the Overland Telegraph Company was organized in San Francisco, and subsequently the SibTey and Overland interests were united under the name of the Pacific Telegraph Company. Five years afterward telegraphic communication from ocean to ocean was at the service of the public. Mr. Sibley's next project was to establish telegraphic communica tion with Europe by way of Asia, across Behring Strait. Wires were actually strung in Siberia and in Alaska, but the successful laying of the Atlantic cable put an end to this enterprise. After retiring from the Western Union Company, he established a seed and nursery business in Rochester, for which he bought, in various parts of the country, 57,000 acres of land. He entered also into mining operations. Notwithstanding all his business cares he was public spirited, and spent large sums of money in philanthropic and charitable objects. He founded the Sibley College of Mechanical Arts at Cornell University, built and presented Sibley Hall to the University of Rochester; built a church in his native town, North Adams; contributed largely to the charitable institutions of Rochester; and performed a thousand charitable deeds that will never be publicly known.

Simpson, Edward, naval officer, born in New York city, March 3, 1824; died in Washington, D. C., Dec. 2, 1888. He entered the naval service Feb. 11, 1840, and was in the steamer" Vixen," on the coast of Mexico, during the Mexican War, taking part in the attacks upon the forts of Alvarado and Tabasco, and in the capture of Tampico. In 1856 he joined the sloop "Portsmouth," and was engaged in the bombardinent and capture of the Barrier Forts in Canton river, China. Returning home, he entered upon duty at the Naval Academy as instructor in naval gunnery and commandant of midshipmen. In 1862 he was commissioned lieutenant-commander, and while in com

mand of the iron-clad " Passaic" in 1863, took part in the attacks on Fort Wagner, Fort Sumter, and Fort Moultrie. He was fleet-captain of the blockading squadron before Mobile when that city capitulated. He was promoted commander in 1885, and captain in 1870. In 1877 he was detailed at the Brooklyn NavyYard as captain, and having been promoted in 1878 to commodore, he was placed in charge of the New London Naval Station, where he remained till 1881, when he took command of League Island Navy-Yard. There he remained till his promotion to rear-admiral in January, 1884, when he was appointed president of the Gun-Foundry Board. From this service he was transferred to the advisory board, and from this to the board of inspection, on which duty he was engaged when he was retired, March 3, 1886.

Sliver, William A., playwright, born in Baltimore, Md., April 10, 1843; died in New York city, May 19, 1888. He was graduated at Dickinson College in 1862, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1865. He practiced for several years, wrote a successful comedy in 1871, followed it with an adaptation from one of Ouida's novels, "Alma," adopted the name of Frederick Marsden, and thereafter applied himself wholly to dramatic work. His most ambitious play was Clouds," an American society drama, for which he received $8,000. At the time of his death he was under contract to write plays for which he was to receive $38,000, and it was estimated that he had made over $100,000 by his dramatic compositions and adaptations. After "Clouds," his best known pieces are "Zip," "Musette," Bob," "Humbug," " Cheek," "Quack," "The Donagh," "Shaun Rhue," "The Kerry Gow," "The Irish Ministrel," "Zara," "Eily," ” โ Otto," "Yule," "Nemesis," and "Called to account."

Spofford, Richard S., lawyer, born in Newburyport, Mass., in 1832; died on Deer Island, Amesbury, Mass., Dec. 11, 1888. He was graduated at Dummer Academy, studied law, and opened an office in Boston. During the administration of President Pierce, he was sent to Mexico on a diplomatic service for the Government. In 1858 he was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature. He was on several occasions a delegate to national and State conventions, and was president of the Democratic State Convention that nominated Gen. Butler the last time. In 1884 he was the Democratic candidate for Congress from his district. In 1866 he married Harriet Prescott, the well-known author, who survives him.

Squier, Ephraim George, author, born in Bethlehem, N. Y., June 17, 1821; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 17, 1888. He was the son of a Methodist clergyman, and was brought up to work on a farm. He became connected with the village newspaper, and studied engineering. In 1841 he was associated in the publication of the New York State Mechanic," in Albany, and in 1843 served on the Harttord "Journal." He then went to Chillicothe, Ohio, where he was employed on the "Scioto Gazette," and also served as clerk of the Ohio Legislature. In the mean time he became associated with Dr. Edwin H. Davis, who was engaged in exploring the mounds in the vicinity, and for several years he investigated these prehistoric remains under the direction of Dr. Davis. The results were published in "Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley" (Washington, 1848), and formed the first volume of the "Smithsonian Contributions

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to Knowledge." During 1848 Mr. Squier examined the ancient deposits of New York State, under the auspices of the New York Historical Society, publishing his report through the Smithsonian Institution, as Aboriginal Monuments of the State of New York" (1850). He was appointed special chargé d'affaires to all the Central American States in 1849, and negotiated treaties with Nicaragua, Honduras, and San Salvador. In 1853 he returned to Central America as secretary of the Honduras Intercceanic Railway Company, and he subsequently visited Europe in behalf of that enterprise. He was appointed United States commissioner to settle claims in Peru, where for two years (1863-'65) he made exhaustive researches concerning the remains of the Incas, and took numerous photographs. On his return to New York he was for a time chief editor of Frank Leslic's publications; but in 1874 his mind became so seriously impaired that he was obliged to relinquish all original work. Subsequently he recovered sufficiently to direct the final preparation and revision of his work on Peru, but he never entirely regained his strength. The medal of the French Geographical Society was given him in 1856. He was a member of various scientific and historical societies, and in 1871 was chosen first president of the American Anthropological Institute of New York. Besides official reports, scientific papers, magazine articles, and contributions to the "Encyclopædia Britannica" and foreign periodicals, he published "The Serpent Symbol, or Worship of Reciprocal Principles of Nature in America (New York, 1852); "Nicaragua: its People, Scenery, Ancient Monuments, and Proposed Interoceanic Canal" (1852); "Notes on Central America" (1854); "Waikua, or Adventures on the Mosquito Shore (1855); "Question Anglo-Américaine" (Paris, 1856); "The States of Central America" (New York, 1857); "Report of the Survey of the Honduras Interoceanic Railway" (London, 1859); "Translation, with Notes, of the Letter of Don Diego de Palacio (1571) to the Crown of Spain, on the Provinces of Guatemala and San Salvador" (New York, 1860); "Monographs of Authors who have written on the Aboriginal Languages of Central America" (1861); "Tropical Fibers, and their Economic Extraction" (1861); "Is Cotton King? Sources of Cotton Supply" (1861); "Honduras, Descriptive, Historical, and Statistical" (1870); and "Peru: Incidents of Travel and Exploration in the Land of the Incas" (1876). Many of his works were translated into German, French, and Spanish.

Stearns, Silas, ichthyologist, born in Bath, Me., May 13, 1859; died in Asheville, N. C., Aug. 2, 1888. In 1875 he engaged in business in Pensacola, Fla., and began to study the fauna of the surrounding waters, becoming familiar with the coast from Pensacola to Key West. In 1878 he visited the Smithsonian Institution, and by his thorough and exact knowledge with regard to the fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, he attracted the special attention of Spencer F. Baird and others. He then spent a year at Waterville, Me., where he engaged in classical studies, in order to acquire a knowledge of scientific nomenclature. Failing health compelled his return to Florida, but in 1880 he became a special agent of the United States Fish Commission and also of the United States Census Bureau in charge of investigations of the marine industries of the Gulf of Mexico. From this time his contributions to the Fish Commission were numerous and large. Upward of fifty new species of fishes were discovered by him, or through his aid, embracing many of what are known as the deep-sea fishes of those waters; and four species of the genera Lutjanus, Scorpana, Blennius, and Prionotus, bear his name.

Stevenson, James, ethnologist, born in Maysville, Ky., Dec. 24, 1840; died in New York city, July 25, 1888. He showed great fondness for ethnology when he was a boy, and as early as 1855 went beyond the frontiers in pursuit of information concerning the

habits of Indian tribes. In 1856 he entered the national service, and engaged under Prof. F. V. Hayden, who was then making geological investigations in the Northwest with Lieut. G. K. Warren. Acting on the advice of Prof. Hayden, he spent several winters among the Blackfoot and Sioux Indians, studying their languages, customs, and traditions; and then made an exploration of the Yellowstone country. His researches were interrupted by the civil war, and he joined the National army, served as a staff officer in the Army of the Potomac under Gen. Fitz John Porter, and after that officer's retirement, continued with the army until the close of the war, attaining the rank of colonel. He then resumed his explorations in the Northwest with Prof. Hayden and with the United States Engineers. During the winter of 1866-'67, largely through his influence, Congress appropriated $5,000 for geological work in the West. The Geological Survey of the Territories then came into existence, and Prof. Hayden was made its chief, and Mr. Stevenson became its executive officer. Continuing his explorations, he followed the Columbia and Snake rivers to their sources, making maps and correcting the supposed geography of those sections of the country. This work accomplished, he ascended the Great Teton mountain, being the only white man ever known to have reached its summit. On repeating the ascent, he succeeded in reaching the peak of the mountain, and there found a traditional Indian altar of stone. His next work was the blazing of a road over the Rocky mountains near this point. He then joined Prot. Hayden at the Yellowstone Lake, where further explorations were conducted. On the organization of the present United States Geological Survey in 1879, his services were continued as executive officer of the bureau, which place he held until his death. In the same year, with Maj. John W. Powell, he succeeded in obtaining an appropriation from Congress for ethnological research, and the Bureau of Ethnology was established under the Smithsonian Institution. He was detailed to this burcau by Maj. Powell, and directed to explore the ruins of the Southwest. Assisted by his wife, he investigated the habits, history, and religious myths of the Zuni, Moqui, and other Pueblo Indians, also of the Navajos of New Mexico and Arizona, and the Mission Indians of California. The extensive and valuable collections made by him in this field, as well as large fossil, ethnological, and ornithological collections made in the early years of his explorations, are deposited in the United States National Museum and in the Smithsonian Institution. He was a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a member of other scientific societies, to whose "Proceedings" and to Government publications he contributed."

Stone, James Andrus Blinn, educator, born in Piermont, N. H., Oct. 28, 1810; died in Detroit, Mich., May 19, 1888. He was graduated at Middlebury College in 1834, and at Andover Theological Seminary in 1838. After his ordination he held a pastorate in Gloucester, Mass., was Professor of Biblical Literature and Interpretation in Newton Theological Seminary, and edited a missionary periodical in Boston. In May, 1843, he removed to Kalamazoo, Mich., to assume the presidency of the Literary Institute, which has since become Kalamazoo College. He resigned the presidency in 1863, was editor and publisher of the Kalamazoo "Telegraph" several years, was postmaster four years under President Grant's administration, and was president of the Michigan State Teachers' and the Michigan Publishers' Associations. Stoughton, William Lewis, lawyer, born in New York, March 20, 1827; died in Sturgis, Mich., June 6, 1888. He received an academic education, removed to Michigan early in life, and was admitted to the bar in 1851. In 1855-60 he was prosecuting attorney of his county, was appointed United States Attorney for the District of Michigan in March, 1861, and resigned a few months afterward to enter the national army.

He

went to the field as second lieutenant of the Eleventh Michigan Volunteers, was rapidly promoted for meritorious services, lost a leg at Stone River, commanded a brigade in the battles of Chickamauga and Mission Ridge and the Atlanta campaign, and was mustered out with the brevet rank of major-general of volunteers. He resumed his law practice till 1867, when he was elected Attorney-General of Michigan, and in 1868 was re-elected, and also elected to Congress as a Republican. In 1870 he was re-elected.

Strother, David Hunter, author, born in Martinsburg, W. Va., Sept. 16, 1816; died in Charleston, W. Va., March 8, 1888. He developed strong artistic abilities in early youth, studied drawing, and traveled in Europe from 1840 till 1846. On his return he spent two years studying drawing on wood for engraving, then traveled through the West and South, and, establishing himself in his native place, contributed the first of his series of illustrated articles, under the pen name of Porte Crayon, to Harper's "Magazine" in 1852. When John Brown made his attack upon Harper's Ferry, the artist, who lived near by, hastened to the scene of action, made sketches and wrote descriptions. opposed the secession agitation in Virginia, and organized and equipped, at his own expense, a company of his townsmen." When the State seceded, his company deserted him and joined the Confederate army, while he hurried to Washington and offered the Government his services. He was appointed captain and assistant adjutant-general, assigned to duty on Gen. McClellan's staff, and subsequently served on the staffs of Generals Pope and Banks (at New Orleans and on the Red River expedition), and his cousin, Gen. David Hunter. He became colonel of the Third West Virginia Cavalry; resigned in September, 1864; and was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers in 1865. After the war he resumed his literary and art work, and was United States consulgeneral to Mexico from 1877 till 1885. He published "The Blackwater Chronicle" (New York, 1853), and "Virginia Illustrated" (1857); and in later years illustrated the works of other authors.

He

Sweitzer, J. Bowman, soldier, born in Brownsville, Fayette County, Pa., July 4, 1821; died in Pittsburg, Pa., Dec. 12, 1888. He was graduated at Jefferson College, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. During the administration of President Taylor he was appointed United States Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania. In 1861 he became major of the Sixty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers, suc ceeded to the command of the regiment during the battle of Gaines's Mills, June 27, 1862, but before the battle had ended was himself made a prisoner, and sent to Libby Prison. He was exchanged in August, resumed his command, and was mustered out in July, 1864. On March 13, 1865, he was made brigadiergeneral "for gallant and meritorious conduct on the field of battle." Soon after the close of the war he was appointed Supervisor of Internal Revenue in Pennsylvania, and subsequently prothonotary of the Supreme Court of the Western District.

Tarbox, Increase Niles, clergyman, born in East Windsor, Conn., Feb. 11, 1815; died in Newton, Mass., May 3, 1888. He was graduated at Yale in 1839, and at Yale Theological Seminary in 1844, was tutor there from 1842 till 1844, pastor of Plymouth Congregational Church in Framingham, Mass., from 1844 till 1851,

and secretary of the American Educational Society and American College and Educational Society from 1851 till 1884. For some time he was associate editor of the "Congregationalist" and a contributor to the "New Englander." He published "Winnie-and-Walter Stories" (4 vols., Boston, 1860); "When I was a Boy" (1862); "The Curse, or the Position occupied in History by the Race of Ham" (1864); "Nineveh, or the Buried City" (1864); " Tyre and Alexandria' (1865); "Uncle George's Stories" (4 vols., 1868); "Life of Israel Putnam" (1876); "Sir Walter Raleigh and his Colony in America" (1884); Songs and Hymns for Common Life" (1885); and "Diary of Thomas Robbins, D. D." (1886).

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Terry, William, soldier, born in Amherst County, Va., Aug. 14, 1824; died near Wytheville, Va., Sept. 5. 1888. He was graduated at the University of Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1851. He practiced in Wytheville till the beginning of the civil war, when he entered the Confederate army as a lieutenant. In 1862 he was promoted major of the Fourth Virginia Regiment; in February, 1864, colonel; and in May following brigadier-general. In 1868 he was nominated for representative in Congress from the Eighth Congressional District of Virginia as a Conservative, and was elected, but was declared ineligible. In 1870 he was re-elected and admitted. He was drowned while trying to ford Reed creek, near his home.

Thieblin, Napoleon L., journalist, born in St. Petersburg, Russia, June 6, 1834; died in New York city, Nov. 1, 1888. He was graduated at the Russian Imperial Academy of Artillery in 1853, entered the Russian army at the outbreak of the Crimean War, and was in command of forty pieces of artillery at the siege of Sebastopol. He was decorated for his services, withdrew from the army in 1857, removed to London, and became foreign correspondent of the "Pall Mall Gazette." He also contributed to British magazines, and translated the works of Macaulay and Darwin into Russian. He followed the French army during the Franco-German War as correspondent for the Pall Mall Gazette," described the atrocities of the Commune, wrote for the "Gazette" over the signature Azamet Batuk," and reported the Carlist War in Spain for the New York "Herald." In 1875 he came to the United States to lecture, but re-entered journalism, wrote the articles entitled "A Stranger's Note-Book" for the New York "Sun," and subsequently the Wall Street letters signed Rigolo, and contributed to various newspapers and magazines.

Thompson, Cephas Giovanni, artist, born in Middleborough, Mass., in 1809; died in New York city, Jan. 5, 1888. He was a son of Cephas Thompson, a well-known portrait-painter, studied with his father, and when eighteen years old removed to Plymouth, Mass., where he spent two years painting portraits, chiefly of sea- captains and their families. From Plymouth he went to Boston, and in 1837 removed to New York city, where for ten years he was busily employed in portrait painting. He then spent five years in New Bedford and Boston, went abroad in 1852, visited London, Paris, Florence, and Rome, and resided in the latter city seven years. In 1860 he established himself permanently in New York city. In 1885 he was appointed a clerk in the Treasury Department. While in Rome he copied the Staffa "Madonna" of Raphael and the "Beatrice Cenci." His ideal paintings include "The Guardian Angel," "Prospero and Miranda," ," "St. Peter delivered from Prison," and "The Angel of Truth."

Tilton, John Rollin, artist, born in Loudon, N. II., in 1833; died in Rome, Italy, March 22, 1888. He studied landscape painting without a teacher, following the style of the Venetian school, and particularly that of Titian, and spent his professional life almost entirely in Italy. He traveled extensively through Europe, Egypt, and the Holy Land, and had exhibited frequently at the Royal Academy, London, the National Academy, New York, and the Athenæum, Boston. Among his paintings, mostly in private gal

leries in England, are "Rome from the Aventine," "The Palace of Thebes," 66 66 Como," Venice," "Venetian Fishing-Boats," and "Kem Ombres." Trimble, Isaac R., soldier, born in Culpeper County, Va., in 1802; died in Baltimore, Md., Jan. 2, 1888. He was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1822, and was assigned to survey the military road from Washington to the Ohio river. In 1832 he resigned from the army and engaged in civil engineering, was chief engineer of the Northern Central, the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore, and the Boston and Providence Railroads, and was engaged in large railroad operations in the West Indies when the civil war began. He hastened to Baltimore, was placed in command of the uniformed volunteers mustered to protect the city, and on the dispersion of the Maryland Legislature in May, 1861, went South and joined the Confederate army, in which he attained the rank of major-general. He erected the batteries that closed the Potomac river in 1861, took part in the battle of Bull Run, commanded the Stonewall division after Gen. Jackson's promotion, was in charge of the fortifications in the valley of Virginia, and commanded Pender's division at Gettysburg, where he lost a leg and was captured during the third day's fight.

Tryon, George Washington, naturalist, born in Philadelphia, Pa., May 20, 1835; died there, Feb. 5, 1888. He was educated at the Friends' School in his native city, and then entered business, from which he retired in 1868. His attention was early directed to con chology, and his reputation in that specialty became world-wide. He was active in the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, of which he became a member in 1859, and in 1865 organized the movement to consider methods for the erection of its present building. Through his efforts the conchological section contributed three thousand dollars to the work, and he added an equal sum. In 1869 he was chosen curator of the Academy, and under his direction the library and collections were arranged in the new building in 1876. He was elected conservator of the conchological section of the Academy in 1875, and held that office until his death. The present condition of this collection, which is said to outrank even that of the British Museum, is due to his skill and labor, and he bequeathed funds for the preservation of the conchological specimens of the Academy. He was a member of scientific societies, and in 1865-'71 edited the "American Journal of Conchology," of which he was one of the founders. Mr. Tryon was a prolific writer on his specialty, and prepared numerous memoirs, including "On the Mollusca of Harper's Ferry (1861); "Synopsis of the Recent Species of Gastrochænida" (1861); "Monograph of the Order of Pholadacea" (1862); and " Monograph of the Terrestrial Mollusks of the United States" (1865); "List of American Writers on Conchology" (New York, 1861); Synopsis of the Species Strepomatida" (1865). His larger works comprise "Land and FreshWater Shells of North America," including monograph on the genus Strepomatida (4 vols., Washington, 1873); "American Marine Conchology" (Philadelphia, 1873); "Structural and Systematic Conchology" (3 vols., 1882); and "Manual of Conchology," including "Marine Shells," 9 vols., and Land Shells." 3 vols. (1879-'85). With William G. Binney he edited "The Complete Writings of Constantine S. Rafinesque on Recent and Fossil Conchology" (Philadelphia, 1864).

Underwood, Adin Ballou, lawyer, born in Milford, Mass., May 19, 1828; died in Boston, Mass., Jan. 14, 1888. He was graduated at Brown University in 1849, was admitted to the bar in 1853, and practiced in Milford and Boston till the outbreak of the civil war. At the first call for troops he raised a company for the Second Massachusetts Infantry, was elected captain, and joined Gen. Patterson's division in the advance toward Winchester. He bore a conspicuous part in the rear-guard fight during Gen. Banks's retreat, May

24, 25, 1862, was appointed major of the Thirty-third Massachusetts Regiment in July, 1862, was soon afterward promoted lieutenant-colonel, became colonel in April, 1863, and commanded his regiment at Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and other engagements. On the night of Oct. 28, 1863, while leading a successful charge at Wauliatchie, in the movement to relieve the beleaguered army at Chattanooga, he received a wound, at first supposed to be mortal, which prostrat ed him for over a year. For his gallantry on this occasion, Gen. Hooker solicited for him promotion to brigadier-general, which was granted November 6; and on Aug. 13, 1865, he was brevetted major-general or volunteers for services during the war. Gen. Underwood was appointed surveyor of the port of Boston, Aug. 20, 1865, and held the office till July, 1886. He published a "History of the Thirty-third Massachusetts Regiment" (Boston, 1881).

Underwood, John William Henry, lawyer, born in Elbert County, Ga., Nov. 20, 1816; died in Floyd County, Ga., July 18, 1888. He received a classical education, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1834. From 1843 till 1847 he was solicitor-general for the Western Circuit, in 1850 was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Georgia, in 1857 was a member and Speaker of the Georgia Legislature, in 1859 was elected a representative in Congress, in which he served on the committee on expenses in the Navy Department, and in February, 1861, resigned his seat and returned to Georgia. He served for several years after the war as a judge of the Superior and Supreme Courts of Georgia, and was a member of President Arthur's tariff commission.

Van Wickle, Simon, merchant, born in Jamesburg, N. J., in March, 1820; died in New Brunswick, N. J., May 15, 1888. He received a district-school education, removed to New Brunswick after attaining his majority, became a marine captain, and obtained wide notoriety about 1844 as commander of the steamer" Antelope," which was run in opposition to Commodore Vanderbilt's vessels. Afterward he was a conductor of the New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company, and then engaged in the coal business, subsequently establishing the present New York firm of Van Wickle & Stout. He became a member of the Baptist Church in 1851, and for sixteen years he was superintendent of a Sabbath-school. In 1873 he was elected treasurer of the New Jersey Central Baptist Association, and in 1887 vice-president of the State Baptist Convention. He was also a member of the board of managers of the Peddie Institute at Heightstown, N. J., and gave it at one time $15,000. He erected a church for the colored Baptists of New Brunswick, gave $10,000 to another, and various sums to struggling congregations through the State, supposed to aggregate $100,000.

Vassar, John Guy, born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in 1811; died there, Oct. 27, 1888. He was a nephew of Matthew Vassar, Sr., founder of Vassar College, and on attaining his majority was admitted to partnership in his uncle's brewing firm. He was actively engaged in the business from 1832 till 1839, when ill health caused him to retire and seek restoration in foreign travel. He acquired great wealth by fortunate investments and inheritance. He gave an equal sum with Matthew Vassar to the Vassar College Laboratory, and, after Matthew's death, a handsome endowment; to the Vassar Home for Old Men, $15,000; and to Vassar Institute, $65,000, and an endowment. He bequeathed to Vassar College, $130,000 in securities $40,000 for a chair of Modern Languages, $40,000 for a chair of Natural History, $10,000 for materials and apparatus for the laboratory, $20,000 for a department of music, and $20,000 for a department of art $25,000 for the completion of the Vassar Brothers' Hospital, and $200,000 toward its permanent maintenance fund; $17,000 for special hospital purposes; his College Hill property and $18,000 for the establishment of an orphan asylum, and $100,000 for a permanent fund; $70,000 and two valuable pieces of

real estate to the Vassar Brothers' Home for Old Men; $25,000, besides the property and $30,000 previously transferred, to the Vassar Brothers' Institute; $10,000 to the Baptist church of Poughkeepsie, and $5,000 as an endowment fund; $5,000 to the American Seamen's Friend Society of New York; $1,000 each to the Young Men's Christian Association, Woman's Christian Association, Old Ladies' Home, House of Industry, Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and the Associated Fire Department, all of Poughkeepsie; and $500 each to fourteen churches, irrespective of denomination, in the city. Vassar College, Vassar Hospital, and Vassar Orphan Asylum are his residuary legatees, each of which will receive about 8500,000, Wadleigh, Lydia F., educator, born in Sutton, N. H., in 1818; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Oct. 27, 1888. She became so widely known as a teacher of girls and young ladies, that when the Twelfth Street Advanced School for Girls was organized in New York city, in 1856, she was summoned to take charge of it. In the face of bitter opposition, she agitated the estab lishment of a tree normal school for girls, and by her work as a teacher showed the public that such an institution would be practical, effective, and appreciated. When she had accomplished her project. she took possession of the Normal College of New York with her 300 girl pupils, and entered upon a new career of usefulness, which terminated only with her death. During the summer she had made a tour of England, Scotland, and Wales. She was an exceptionally good classical scholar.

Walker, George, lawyer, born in Peterborough, N. H., in 1824; died in Washington, D. C., Jan. 15, 1888. He was graduated at Dartmouth College in 1842, studied law in the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the bar in Springfield, Mass., in 1847. In 1857 he was elected to the State Senate, and gave special attention to banking and financial legislation during two terms. On his retirement he was appointed bank commissioner of Massachusetts. At the expiration of his term he resumed his legal practice, and in addition engaged in the banking business, becoming president of the Third National Bank in Springfield. In 1865 he went to Europe on a confidential mission for Hugh McCulloch, Secretary of the United States Treasury, and while there prepared an article on the public debt and resources of the United States, which was published in the principal newspapers of the financial centers. He was chairman of the finance committee of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1868, and in the following year went to Europe on business for his State. After this service he gave up law practice and removed to New York city. In 1879 he was sent to Europe by Secretary Evarts of the State Department, to investigate the subject of bimetallism, and in 1880 was appointed United States Consul-Gencral in Paris, where he served till June, 1887.

Wallack, John Lester, actor, born in New York city Jan. 1, 1820; died near Stamford, Conn., Sept. 6, 1888. His grandfather. Willian Wallack, was a noted English actor, as was also his father, James William Wallack, who, two years before the birth of Lester, as he was commonly called, became a resident of New York. From early childhood, young Lester was destined by his parents for the British army, and to this end he was taken to England to be educated. This examination was passed, and a commission granted to him; but he soon left the army for the stage. His first appearance in London was at the Haymarket Theatre, Nov. 26, 1846, where he was discovered by John Barnett, an American impresario, in 1847. “He is too good for London, and I'll take him over the pond," said Barnett, who at once offered him a large sum for a season in New York. He appeared at the New Broadway Theatre under the name of Mr. John Lester, and under this name he played till 1861, when he resumed his patronymic. Business at the New Broadway was beginning to languish, when the manager announced his intention to produce "Monte Cristo" with Lester in the principal role. Lester