York; 16 by the city of New York; 20 by New Jersey; 32 by their friends; and 6 by the Institution. The time of admission is the first Wednesday in September; terms, $130 per annum for each pupil, clothing and travelling expenses excepted, to be paid semiannually in advance, and satisfactory security for punctual payment of bills and clothing, which, if desired, is furnished by the Institution at an additional charge of $30 a year. The receipts of the Institution from all sources for the year 1854 were $49,982 16. Expenditures, including balance last year due the treasurer of $3,460.53, $52,367.71. Due the treasurer, $5,847.03. The Legislature at its session in 1854 authorized the admission, with the sanction of the Superintendent of Public Instruction in each case, of all deaf mute children residents of the State, whose circumstances entitle them to share in the legislative provisions for their education. State Prisons. - Levi Lewis is Warden at Auburn, Munson O. Lockwood at Sing Sing, and John L. Barnes at Clinton. The whole number of convicts in these prisons, Dec. 1, 1853, was 1,952 (1,673 white and 279 black). Received during the year, 702 (647 white and 55 black); discharged during the year, by expiration of sentence, 446; by death by disease, 57; of these 11 died at Sing Sing of the Asiatic cholera; by casualties, 4; by escape, 2; by pardon, 134; to Lunatic Asylum, 7; by reversal of judgment, 3; transferred to county jail, 1; in all, 660. Remaining in prison, Dec. 1; 1854, 1,994, of whom 115 were females. The daily average of all the three prisons was 1,989. The yearly average increase in all the prisons for seven years is 86. The average daily earnings of each convict for the last seven years at the different prisons were as follows: at Auburn, 33.9 cents; at Sing Sing, 30.8 cents; at Clinton, 49.7 cents. The average price of convict labor upon contract is at Auburn 54.6 cents per day; at Sing Sing (including females), 36 cents; at Clinton, 75 cents. The difference between the prices and the earnings is that the contract price is for the labor of able-bodied convicts, while a large portion of the convicts are not able-bodied. The av erage yearly expense of each convict for rations for 7 years is at Auburn, $30.70; at Sing Sing, $35.94; at Clinton, $35.19. The number of punishments in all the prisons was 887. The punishments were the shower-bath, cropping the hair, confinement in a dark cell, yok ing, bucking, and wearing ball and chain. Of the 549 male convicts received at Sing Sing and Auburn, 214 were for grand larceny, 21 for petit larceny, 120 for burglary, 17 for robbery, 6 for arson, 31 for forgery, 26 for manslaughter, 11 for rape, 27 for felonious assaults, 9 for bigamy, 18 for counterfeiting, 8 for receiving stolen goods, 6 for carrying slung shot, 4 for false pretences. 2 are sentenced for life, 46 for periods between 10 and 21 years, 92 for 5 and under 10 years, 123 for 3 and under 5 years, and the remainder for shorter periods. 12 were 16 years of age and under, 127 between 16 and 20, 31 were over 50. 286 were natives and 259 were foreigners. 3 were convicted for the 4th time, 9 for the 3d, 47 for the 2d, and the rest for the first time. 233 were temperate, 205 intemperate, and 106 moderate drinkers. At the Auburn prison the receipts for the year applicable to general support were $76,849.12. Expenditures, $ 72,417,827. Excess of receipts, $4,431.30. At Sing Sing the receipts were $107,963.87. Expenditures, $136,142 24. Deficiency, $28,173.37. At Clinton, receipts, $33,939.70. Expenditures, $32,089.72. Excess of receipts, $6,849.98. State Lunatic Asylum, Utica.- John P. Gray, Superintendent. The number of patients at the commencement of the year (Dec. 1, 1853) was 446; admitted during the year, 390; whole number treated during the year, 836. Discharged during the year, 366. Remaining Nov. 30, 1854, 450. Of those discharged, 161 were recovered, 42 were improved, unimproved, 116. Total admissions since asylum was opened, July 16, 1843, 4,313. Discharged, 3,863, of whom 1,789 were recovered. 108 applications were refused during the year, and 51 unfavorable cases removed to make room for more recent ones. It is proposed to build another State Lunatic Asylum. The census of 1850 gives over 2,500 insane in the State. The le are at Utica, 450; at the New York City Asylum, Blackwell's Island, 557; at King's County Asylum, Flatbush, 220; at the Bloomingdale Asylum, 130; in all, 1,357, thus leaving nearly half of the insane unprovided for. Of Pauperism. - Paupers relieved or supported during the year ending Dec. 1, 1854, 137,347; county paupers, 122,377; town paupers, 13,593; received into poorhouses, 33,167. those supported or relieved, 2,123 were lunatics, 724 idiots, and 154 mutes. 84' paupers were born in the poorhouses during the year, and 3,266 died. Number in poorhouses, Dec. 31, 1851, 12,105, of whom there were under 16 years of age, 2,083 males, and 1,347 females. 3,299 children over 5 and under 16 were taught in poorhouses about 7.5 months each. The nativity of 115,690 is reported: of these 51,637 are males, and 64,003 are females. 50,581 are natives of the United States; 47,726 natives of Ireland; 3,433 of England; 1,205 of Scotland; 10,161 of Germany; 950 of France; 1,379 of Canada. The total poorhouse expenses were $750,427.61; do. of temporary relief, $371,476.95; total expenses, $1,121,904.79. Value of labor of paupers, $ 27,839.37. Expenses of each pauper beyond earnings per year, $45.20, or .865 cents per week. Western House of Refuge, Rochester, New York, Samuel S. Wood, Superintendent. — This institution was opened August 11th, 1849, and when the new wing now (Jan. 1855) erecting is completed, will accommodate 360 inmates, besides the officers, &c. From August, 1849 to January 1, 1855, there had been received 495 boys. Number remaining January 1, 1835, 263; 155 were received during the year; average age, 13.33; 56 were Americans, 95 foreigners, and 4 colored. 109 were committed for petit larceny; 16 for grand larceny; 1 for rape; 18 for vagrancy. Of those who left during the year, 40 were indentured; 5 sent to sea on whaling voyages; and 50 discharged to parents and guardians. The boys work seven hours a day, and are at school three and a half hours. Asylum for Idiots, Syracuse, New York, Dr. H. Wilbur, Superintendent. — This institution was opened at Albany, in October, 1851, under the care of Dr. Wilbur, but early in 1854 it was decided to remove it thence. Liberal offers were made by the citizens of Syracuse, and it was decided to remove it there. Eighteen acres of land were purchased, and the corner-stone of the building was laid September 8, 1854. The expense of the land and buildings is estimated at about $80,000. There were 50 pupils in the Asylum at Albany, in December, 1854, and there had been during the year applications for the admission of as many more. Statistics of Crime. The following table is compiled from the returns of the clerks of the courts and sheriffs. The returns are not complete, and are more full for some years than others. They however show, substantially, the history of convictions for crime in the State for a quarter of a century. Classification of Crimes for which Convictions were had in Courts of Record during 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Other offences not enumerated above, Total, 33918 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 237 243 289 362 214 287 316 393 102 93 79 75 99 92 86 124 502 464 440 462 355 426 379 477 74 63 60 61 53 34 32 52 144 94 98 153 148 237 150 145 1059 956 966 1113 869 1076 963 1191 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 296 287 463 458 484 408 394 471 384 385 437 397 397 409 412 483 432 112 115 120 121 175 244 172 177 138 132 120 150 199 148 228 185 189 472 479 437 460 504 504 489 467 471 396 512 545 521 475 480 573 591 42 51 49 49 63 78 60 54 33 24 33 44 36 49 48 52 75 164 186 274 427 376 336 312 529 440 408 425 404 410 401 434 553 835 Total, 1086 1118 1343 1515 1602 1570 1427 1689 1471 1295 1527 1540 1563 1482 1602 1846 2122 The nativity of persons convicted in courts of record from 1841 to 1854, inclusive, is given, and of those so convicted, 9,548 were natives of the United States, and 5,450 were foreigners. In the indictments tried, the convictions were 64 per cent; acquittals, 31 per cent; disagreements, 5 per cent. VIII. NEW JERSEY. Government for the Year 1856. Term expires. Salary. RODMAN M. PRICE, of Hoboken, Governor, January, 1857, $1,800 & fees. Thomas S. Allison, of Trenton, Sec. of State, Mar. 18, 1856, 500 & fees. of Hightstown, Treasurer, Feb. 21, 1856, 1,000 & fees. of Pennington, Superin R. M. Smith, John H. Phillips, Secretary of The Governor's term of office is three years; that of the State, five years; Treasurer, one year; and Superintendent of Public Instruction, two years. JUDICIARY. Court of Errors and Appeals. This court is composed of the Chancellor, the judges of the Supreme Court, and six other judges appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Senate, who hold office for six years, one judge vacating his seat each year in rotation. The court holds stated terms at Trenton, on the second Tuesday in March, and third Tuesday in June and November. The Governor, Chancellor, and the six judges of the Court of Errors and Appeals, constitute the pardoning power. A major part of them, of whom the Governor shall be one, may remit fines and forfeitures, and grant pardons, after conviction, in all cases except impeachment. All the judges of this court receive $5 a day for each day's attendance. The six judges receive no other salary. This per diem is in addition to the salary of the Chancellor and of the judges of the Supreme Court. Court of Chancery. The Chancellor is appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate, for seven years. This court holds three terms annually at Trenton, on the first Tuesday in February, and third Tuesday in May and October. Supreme Court. This court consists of a chief justice and six associate justices, who are appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate, for seven years; and the State is divided into seven districts, to each of which a justice of this Court is assigned. This court holds three terms each year at Trenton, on the fourth Tuesday in February, and the first Tuesday in June and November; and the judges of this court hold Circuit Courts and Courts of Oyer and Terminer three times a year in each county. The judges of the Supreme Court are also ex officio judges of the Courts of Common Pleas, Orphans' Court, and Court of General Quarter Sessions of the Peace, of the several counties, and the judge holding the Circuit Court of any county is the presiding judge of said court. Courts of Common Pleas are held three times a year in each county, by judges appointed by the Legislature for five years, who receive fees and $2 per diem for each day's attendance, and the number of whom is limited to three in each county. Principal Items of ordinary Expenditure. Transportation of prisoners & costs, $7,605.15 Support of deaf, dumb, and blind, $4,691.14 Legislature, Salaries of Executive and Judiciary, 18,767.94 Court of Errors and Appeals, 22,362.75 3,162.00 12,633.84 Geological Survey, State Debt. The whole amount of the absolute debt of the State January 1, The value of the productive property owned by the State in 1855 was 252,174.12 764,670.60 Whole amount of productive School Fund owned by the State, $401,304.34 11.169.85 Common Schools, Year ending December, 1854.- Number of townships in the State, 190; number of townships making returns, 164; number of districts in those townships, 1,426; returns received from 1,377. Children between 5 and 18, 168,031; children attending school 3 months or less, 25,380; months, 26,958; 9 months, 24,968; 12 months, 26,658; number over 18 years of age who attended school, 1,076; colored children taught, 2,384; whole number of children taught, 105,040. Average length of schools in months, 8; average price of tuition per quarter to each pupil, $2.08. Amount raised by tax to support schools, $210,023.44; received from the State, $ 85,250; from other sources, $42,756.92; amount raised in addition for building, repairing, and furnishing school-rooms, $ 44,925.99; total amount appropriated for school purposes, $388,571.86. Whole number of teachers, 1,981,-1,201 males and 780 females. Salary of males per annum, $ 347; of females, $203. Eight teachers' institutes have been held during the year, at which 356 teachers attended. Teachers' associations are also held quarterly in the counties where they exist. The Superintendent speaks of the experiment of teachers' institutes in this State as being "signally successful." School Fund. The available school fund, January 1, 1855, was $ 401,304.34. There is, besides, due the school fund, but unavailable, the sum of $11,169.85. The receipts of the fund during the year, including balance of cash, January 1, 1854, were $63,514.62. By the School Act of 1851, $ 40,000 are appropriated to the use of schools from the school fund, and $ 40,000 from the State Treasury, which sum of $ 80,000 is apportioned among the counties upon the basis of population. Banks, July 1, 1854.-There are 32 banks (9 organized under the general banking law), all of which made returns. In these banks there was capital, $ 4,971,839.00; circulation, $4,803, 123.50; deposits, $3,943,798.50; due other banks, $574,027.91; surplus, $805,653.96; discounts and bills receivable, $11,275,523.77; due from other banks, $762,353.64; specie, $1,010,837.04; real estate, $247,264.43; bonds and mortgages, stocks, &c., $689,927.20. Average dividend, 8.23 per cent. A general banking law was passed in 1851. Under its provisions, up to 31st December, 1854, 11 banking associations have been organized, and were in operation. Their circulation at that date was $822,061; and the city and State stocks deposited as securities to redeem the same amounted to $871,144. State Lunatic Asylum, Trenton. H. A. Buttolph, M. D., Superintendent. The Asylum was opened for the admission of patients, May 15, 1848, although the building was not then entirely completed. January 1, 1854, there were in the Asylum 205 patients (98 males |