Sta-pe-do, and there came from the lake an innumerable host of people who did homage to Pu-e-ge-no and claimed to be his people. brought into a new life, the tradition says, were the fathers of the Con-cow tribe of Indians. The legends are kept in the minds Un-goy-to-pe then exclaimed to Pu-e- of the people by repeated repetitions in ge-no that he was the son of Wa-no-me, private of this wild romance; and Waand that Wa-no-me had promised to send no-me is worshiped with much devotion, him into the world to destroy the ene- and Pu-e-ge-no is regarded as an honormies of Pu-e-ge-no, and to raise up for able prophet among these people. The him a people that he could rule forever. time of the gathering of the old men to And he said, "I have finished my mis- hear the legend recited in the dialogue sion, and I will return to my father." A manner is looked forward to with much cloud of rainbow radiance enveloped him interest. The actors are earnest, and and he was lifted up as upon angel's pin enter into the performance with the zeal ions to He-pe-nain. of great actors endeavoring to win the These people whom Un-goy-to-pe applause of the populace. I KNOW that I am old; but not because Of time-touched locks or thin and withered cheek, The lines upon my heart that do not seek The autumn winds, that winter is anear; Such peace portends that evening time is here. Juliette Estelle Mathis. THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. III. I. THE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS. THE relation of professional schools to the American university system is somewhat anomalous. They seem to form a group standing to one side, with a different admission standard, and a different series of degrees, whose relation in value to the regular university degrees is not clear. It is a university theory, and also the best tradition of the "learned professions," that the degree marking the entrance to these should be equivalent in value to the Ph. D., as it is on the continent of Europe: that is, that a college education should precede the study of law, medicine, or divinity, and the schools devoted to these studies should be graduate schools. On the other hand, the organized except in the case of the clergy usually enforced by law-for admission to the practice of the profession; and the schools as a matter of course give this minimum of training, while the best ones try to give something more. The Hastings College of the Law, the law school of the State University, finds that about twice as many candidates THE LATE JOHN NORTON POMEROY, HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW. bodies of lawyers, doctors, and clergymen who control admission to their professions, have to reckon with a public sentiment in this country that favors letting any one try any calling in which he thinks he can find customers. The result is a compromise, by which a certain amount of special training is required - and VOL. XX-51. are admitted to the bar by the Supreme examina Court tions as by the degree of the school; and one of ts professors has published the statement that those students who fail in its first year examinations are generally thus admitted shortly after. The medical school has similar experience. As for general education, no formal requirement made for admission to the practice of any profession; and has not been until lately in profes sional schools. Now, the medical school of the University requires as preliminary to its courses a schooling a little in advance of what would admit to a high school, and recommends more; the dental school exacts about the same; the school of pharmacy still less; the law school requires a full university matriculation, such as would admit to the colleges at study should be as high as in the mediBerkeley. The courses in the medical, dental, and pharmaceutical schools, therefore, tend rather to range themselves parallel with high school than with university work. JUDGE CHARLES W. SLACK, HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW. In the law school, the student, entering on a full matriculation, is really in the same relation to the University as a special student who should take three years' full time at Berkeley in some single topic,- engineering, say. The engineer would not be given a degree for this work; a four years' course, in which the special work must be rounded out by a liberal amount of general training literature, history, language, science-is required, before the university will give him its stamp. Yet there is scarcely a professional school in the country that requires as much general education as the Hastings College. The Harvard law school calls for considerably less. The medical school of the University was organized with the provision that its standard of admission and courses of cal schools of Harvard and the University of Pennsylvania; but this has been construed to mean as high as the standard of these schools at that date, and is not quite equal to that of Harvard at present, nor to that of the University of Michigan. I have not compared with other leading schools, but I am satisfied that none in the country at present requires very much more. There is a spirit, however, felt through all the medical profession in this country, in favor of raising the standard of medical schools in general education. There is a national organization of college-bred physicians, which exercises a good influence in this direction. The Johns Hopkins University medical school is to be placed on a strictly graduate plane, and a college education or its equivalent will be expected of its students. The medical school of the University of California shares in this spirit, and holds before it as an immediate desire the exaction of two years in general study at Berkeley as requisite to admission; but while it has no revenue except its fees, and there is another good medical school in San Francisco to which students will be likely to turn instead of rising to meet more difficult terms of admission, it seems to the faculty impossible to take any very long upward step. When the law school raised its standard of admission, the numbers fell off by half, although there is no other law school in the State to turn to; but as the school is endowed, and charges no fees for instruction, it can afford to disregard the question of numbers, as the medical school cannot. The dental school was the third in the United States to require an entrance examination at all, or a three-year course. It will be seen that while the professional schools of the University fall in general education far short of the European standard, they only share the disadvantage of professional schools through out this country. In their professional difficulties arising from their sectarian. specialties, as far as they go, I know character. They represent branches of no reason to doubt that they rank well learning too important to be ignored by with the foreign. Students from the an institution whose business is with medical school of this University are "all the great departments of intellectgiven full credit for the time spent in ual life." Medical schools carry along it, at the Royal College of Surgeons with them such departments as dental of England, the Royal College of Sur- and veterinary surgery, and pharmacy; geons of Edinburgh, and the Faculty of schools of all which are attached to one Physicians and Surgeons at Glasgow. or another of the leading universities. Of course, for more advanced medical study, Americans at present feel it necessary to go abroad; but physicians who went from this school to the great school of Paris have told me they found the foundations of their education well and thoroughly laid here, and have always thought the three years wisely spent. Again, the actual condition of professional education throughout this country is kept much higher than the legal requirements, or even the requirements of the schools, by the excellent traditions of the three leading professions, whose moral influence is sufficient to make many students voluntarily seek a college education before the professional. Thus the Hastings College of Law, though requiring only a high school education before entrance, had among 96 students last year 39 with collegiate degrees. The medical school, while requiring scarcely more than a grammar school education, had among 89 students, II with collegiate degrees. This brings about classes composed of youths from the grammar schools, from the high schools, and collegetrained men, to whom identical courses must somehow be adapted; but the anomaly is a little softened by the age limit of eighteen years imposed in all the schools. In spite of the difficulty of assimilating them to the rest of the system, law and medical schools are regarded as essential parts of a full university scheme, and divinity schools would be, but for R. BEVERLY COLE, ACTING PRESIDENT OF THE MEDICAL FACULTY. There is now a tendency to regard art schools as properly adjuncts of a university, and several of the strongest universities have affiliated or incorporated such departments. No one can say exactly where the list ends of special schools that may properly be associated with a university; but nothing marks low standards more surely than a large and various fringe of outlying departments. Probably the rule instinctively observed by the best univer sities is that- now technical education is definitively accepted as university work - any professional training that involves serious and continued study, and rests on a basis of theoretic knowledge, may be given by a university. The University of California has four professional schools,-the Medical Department, commonly known as the "Toland College of Medicine," though this is not its legal name; the College of Dentistry, organized as a branch of the Medical Department, but now practically independent; the Hastings College of the Law, an affiliated college; and the California College of Pharmacy, also affiliated. It is practically settled that the California School of Design will soon be affiliated. The law school had last year a faculty of 4, and 96 students; the medical, 28 professors, lect |