at, though, had we had patience, we might have found a very fine river a little further off. However, we kept our frigate on float, by the help of two great poles, which we fastened into the ground to moor her, like piles; and the little weak ropes, which, as I said, we had made of matting, served us well enough to make the vessel fast.

As soon as we had viewed the country a little, got fresh water, and furnished ourselves with some victuals, which we found very scarce here, we went on board again with our stores. All we got for provision was some fowls that we killed, and a kind of wild buffalo, or bull, very small, but good meat. I say, having got these things on board, we resolved to sail on along the coast, which lay away N.N.E., till we found some creek or river that we might run up into the country, or some town or people; for we had reason enough to know the place was inhabited, because we several times saw fires in the night, and smoke in the day, every way at a distance from us.

CHAPTER IV.

RECEPTION OF THE NATIVES-WE DETERMINE TO TRAVEL THROUGH THE COUNTRY BY LAND QUARREL AND BATTLE WITH THE NEGROES-WE TAKE SIXTY PRISONERS, AND MAKE THEM SERVANTS TO US IN OUR JOURNEY-I AM APPOINTED LEADER OF THE EXPEDITION, AND CHRISTENED CAPTAIN-OUR NEGRO SERVANTS PROCURE US A SUPPLY OF CATTLE.

Ar length we came to a very large bay, and in it several little creeks or rivers emptying themselves into the sea, and we run boldly into the first creek we came at, where, seeing some huts and wild people about them on the shore, we ran our vessel into a little cove on the north side of the creek, and held up a long pole, with a white bit of cloth on it, for a signal of peace to them. We found they understood us presently, for they came flocking to us, men, women, and children, most of them, of both sexes, stark naked. At first they stood wondering and staring at us as if we had been monsters, and as if they had been frightened; but we found they inclined to be familiar with us afterwards. The

RECEPTION OF THE NATIVES.

43

first thing we did to try them was, we held up our hands to our mouths, as if we were to drink, signifying that we wanted water. This they understood presently, and three of their women and two boys ran away up the land, and came back in about half a quarter of an hour with several pots made of earth, pretty enough, and baked, I suppose, in the sun. These they brought us full of water, and set them down near the seashore, and there left them, going back a little, that we might fetch them, which we did.

Some time after this, they brought us roots and herbs, and some fruits which I cannot remember, and gave us; but as we had nothing to give them, we found them not so free as the people of Madagascar were. However, our cutler went to work, and, as he had saved some iron out of the wreck of the ship, he made abundance of toys, birds, dogs, pins, hooks, and rings; and we helped to file them, and make them bright for him; and when we gave them some of these, they brought us all the sort of provisions they had, such as goats, hogs, and cows, and we got victuals enough.

We were now landed upon the continent of Africa, the most desolate desert, and inhospitable country in the world, even Greenland and Nova Zembla itself not excepted; with this difference only, that even the worst part of it we found inhabited; though, taking the nature and quality of some of the inhabitants, it might have been much better to us if there had been none.

And, to add to the exclamation I am making on the nature of the place, it was here that we took one of the rashest and wildest, and most desperate resolutions that was ever taken by man, or any number of men, in the world; this was to travel over land through the heart of the country, from the coast of Mozambique, on the east ocean, to the coast of Angola or Guinea, on the western or Atlantic ocean, a continent of land at least 1800 miles; in which journey we had excessive heats to support, unpassable deserts to go over; no carriages, camels, or beasts of any kind to carry our baggage, innumerable numbers of wild and ravenous beasts to encounter with, such as lions, leopards, tigers, lizards, and elephants; we had the equinoctial line to pass under, and, consequently, were in the very centre of the torrid zone; we had nations of savages to encounter with, barbarous and brutish to the last degree; hunger and

thirst to struggle with; and, in one word, terrors enough to have daunted the stoutest hearts that ever were placed in cases of flesh and blood.

Yet, fearless of all these, we resolved to adventure, and accordingly made such preparations for our journey, as the place we were in would allow us, and such as our little experience of the country seemed to dictate to us.

It had been some time already that we had been used to tread bare-footed upon the rocks, the gravel, the grass, and the sand on the shore; but, as we found the worst thing for our feet was, the walking or travelling on the dry burning sands, within the country, so we provided ourselves with a sort of shoes, made of the skins of wild beasts, with the hair inward, and being dried in the sun, the outsides were thick and hard, and would last a great while. In short, as I called them, so I think the term very proper still, we made us gloves for our feet, and we found them very convenient and very comfortable.

We conversed with some of the natives of the country, who were friendly enough. What tongue they spoke, I do not yet pretend to know. We talked as far as we could make them understand us, not only about our provisions, but also about our undertaking; and asked them what country lay that way, pointing west with our hands. They told us but little to our purpose, only we thought, by all their discourse, that there were many great rivers; many lions and tigers, elephants, and furious wild cats (which in the end we found to be civet cats), and the like.

When we asked them if any one had ever travelled that way, they told us, Yes; some had gone to where the sun sleeps, meaning to the west; but they could not tell us who they were. When we asked for some to guide us, they shrunk up their shoulders, as Frenchmen do when they are afraid to undertake a thing. When we asked them about the lions and wild creatures, they laughed, and let us know they would do us no hurt, and directed us to a good way indeed to deal with them, and that was to make some fire, which would always fright them away; and so indeed we found it.

Upon these encouragements we resolved upon our journey, and many considerations put us upon it, which, had the thing itself been practicable, we were not so much to blame for, as

it might otherwise be supposed; I will name some of them, not to make the account too tedious.

First, we were perfectly destitute of means to work about our own deliverance any other way; we were on shore in a place perfectly remote from all European navigation; so that we could never think of being relieved, and fetched off by any of our own countrymen in that part of the world. Secondly, if we had adventured to have sailed on along the coast of Mozambique, and the desolate shores of Africa to the north, till we came to the Red Sea, all we could hope for there, was to be taken by the Arabs, and be sold for slaves to the Turks, which to all of us was little better than death. We could not build anything of a vessel that would carry us over the great Arabian sea to India, nor could we reach the Cape de Bona Speranza, the winds being too variable, and the sea in that latitude too tempestuous; but we all knew, it we could cross this continent of land, we might reach some of the great rivers that run into the Atlantic ocean; and that, on the banks of any of those rivers, we might there build us canoes, which would carry us down, if it were thousands of miles; so that we could want nothing but food, of which we were assured we might kill sufficient with our guns; and, to add to the satisfaction of our deliverance, we concluded we might every one of us get a quantity of gold, which, if we came safe, would infinitely recompense us for our toil.

I cannot say, that, in all our consultations, I ever began to enter into the weight and merit of any enterprise we went upon till now. My view before was, as I thought, very good, viz., that we should get into the Arabian gulf, or the mouth of the Red Sea; and waiting for some vessel passing or repassing there, of which there is plenty, have seized upon the first we came at by force; and not only have enriched ourselves with her cargo, but have carried ourselves to what part of the world we had pleased: but when they came to talk to me of a march of two or three thousand miles on foot, of wandering in deserts, among lions and tigers, I confess my blood ran chill; and I used all the arguments I could to persuade them against it.

But they were all positive, and I might as well have held my tongue; so I submitted, and told them I would keep to our first law, to be governed by the majority, and we resolved

upon our journey. The first thing we did was to take an observation, and see whereabouts in the world we were, which we did, and found we were in the lattitude of 12 degrees 35 minutes south of the line. The next thing was to look on the charts, and see the coast of the country we aimed at, which we found to be from 8 to 11 degrees south latitude, if we went for the coast of Angolo, or in 12 to 19 degrees north latitude, if we made for the river Nigre, and the coast of Guinea.

Our aim was for the coast of Angola, which, by the charts we had, lying very near the same latitude we were then in, our course thither was due west; and, as we were assured we should meet with rivers, we doubted not, but that by their help we might ease our journey, especially if we could find means to cross the great lake, or inland of the sea, which the natives call Coalmucoa, out of which it is said the river Nile has its source or beginning; but we reckoned without our host, as you will see in the sequel of our story.

The next thing we had to consider was, how to carry our baggage, which we were first of all determined not to travel without; neither indeed was it possible for us to do so, for even our ammunition, which was absolutely necessary to us, and on which our subsistence, I mean for food, as well as our defence against wild beasts and wild men, depended: I say, even our ammunition was a load too heavy for us to carry, in a country where the heat was such, that we should be load enough for ourselves.

We inquired in the country, and found there was no beast of burthen known among them; that is to say, neither horses or mules, or asses, camels or dromedaries; the only creature they had, was a kind of buffalo, or tame bull, such a one as we had killed; and that some of these they had brought so to their hand, that they taught them to go and come with their voices, as they called them to them, or sent them from them; that they made them carry burthens; and, particularly, that they would swim over rivers and lakes upon them, the creatures swimming very high and strong in the water.

But we understood nothing of the management or guiding such a creature, or how to bind a burthen upon them, and this last part of our consultation puzzled us extremely: at last I proposed a method for them, which, after some consideration, they found very convenient; and this was to quarrel with some of the negro natives, take ten or twelve