SIR FRANCIS BOND HEAD, 1793 -, formerly Major in the royal army, and Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, 1835-8, retired on a pension. Head has written a number of books, descriptive in their nature: Rough Notes of Rapid Journeys across the Pampas, etc., which earned for him the sobriquet of "Galloping Head; " Bubbles from the Brunnen of Nassau; Narrative of his Administration; Stokers and Pokers, a Description of the Daily Workings of a Great Railway; The Defenceless State of Great Britain; Fortnight in Ireland; Fagot of French Sticks. The style of Head's writing is lively and entertaining, but strongly marked with egotism, and not always to be trusted for its accuracy of statement. - SIR GEORGE HEAD, brother of Sir Francis, 17821855. Like his brother, he published a number of descriptive works, such as: Forest Scenes in the Wilds of North America; Home Tour through the Manufacturing Districts of England; Rome; a Tour of Many Days; a Translation of Cardinal Pacca's Memoirs; and of Apulejus's Metamorphoses. His book on Rome, in 3 vols., 8vo, is almost exhaustive of the wonders of the Eternal City.

SIR JAMES EDWARD ALEXANDER, 1803, a native of Scotland and an officer of the British army, and a traveller of much celebrity, has written several valuable works, chiefly travels. Sir James is a descendant of the old Earls of Stirling. He was educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow. He has been in active service for nearly half a century, in various parts of Asia and Africa and in North America. He was knighted for his services in African exploration in 1836-7. The following are his principal works: Excursions in Western Africa; An Expedition into Southern Africa; Explorations in British America; Sketches in Portugal; Transatlantic Sketches; Travels from India to England; Travels through Russia and the Crimea; Life of the Duke of Wellington; Translations from the Persian, etc.

THOMAS WITLAM ATKINSON, 1799-1861, an English artist and traveller. Besides a work on Gothic Ornaments, 4to, he published two very interesting books of travel, giving graphic sketches of life and manners, as well as of scenery, in Siberia and the regions of the Amoor, where for seven years he roved about on horseback, gun in hand, in that spirit of wild adventure of which so many English gentlemen are fond. The titles of these books are Oriental and Western Siberia, and Travels in the Regions of the Upper and Lower Amoor.

SIR ALFRED RUSSELL WALLACE, ――, an enterprising scientific traveller, has published several works which have given popular entertainment, while enlarging the boundaries of natural science: The Malay Archipelago, describing the region of the Orang-utan and of the Bird of Paradise; Narrative of Travels in the Amazon and Rio Negro; Palm-Trees of the Amazon. Mr. Wallace has just been knighted for his praiseworthy labors as a scientific explorer.

RICHARD FRANCIS BURTON, 1821 —, has acquired much distinction as a writer of travels. His chief works of this kind are: Goa and the Blue Mountains; Sindh, or the Unhappy Valley; Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to El Medina and Mecca; First Footsteps in East Africa; The Lake Regions of Central Africa; Abeokuta and the Cameroon Mountains; The Highlands of Brazil; City of the Saints, and Across the Rocky Mountains to California. Captain Burton entered the Indian army in 1842, and served for five years in Scinde under Sir Charles J. Napier. He has travelled much through Arabia and the unexplored regions of Africa and N. America; has acquired thirty-five languages and dialects; is expert as a swordsman, a huntsman, and a shot; and can mix with different tribes without betraying himself, assuming the disguise of a priest, a native doctor, a bazaar-keeper, and so on.

SIR SAMUEL WHITE BAKER, 1821, is of considerable note as an adventurous traveller. His African explorations in 1861-64 resulted in two works of great excellence: The Albert N'yanza Great Basin of the Nile, and The Nile Tributaries of Abys sinia. He was knighted in 1866.

JOHN HANNING SPEKE, 1827-1864, was an officer in the English army, and served in the Crimean war. In 1855 he accompanied Captain Burton in his African explorations. He afterwards revisited Africa, in company with Grant, and traced the river Nile to Lake N'yanza. After returning to England, he accidentally shot himself while hunting. His first trip, with Burton, is described in Burton's Lake Regions of Central Africa. Speke himself described his subsequent explorations in some papers published in Blackwood's Magazine, and in his Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile. Speke's discoveries were honored with several gold medals.

DAVID LIVINGSTONE, M. D., 1815, the most conspicuous of modern travellers, is a native of Scotland. He was originally a spinner in a cotton factory. He studied for the ministry, and was sent, in 1840, as a missionary to South Africa. His first work of travels was published in 1857, entitled Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa. In 1865 he published his Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambesi. These two works, and Dr. Livingstone's subsequent adventures, which have not yet been published by him in book-form, have made his name one of the most famous among modern trav ellers. His style as a writer is simple and unpretending, but the matter itself is sufficiently thrilling to gratify the most eager imagination. So many reports of his death have been recently published and then contradicted, that his actual existence begins to assume somewhat of a mythical character.

Russell the Times Correspondent.

WILLIAM HOWARD RUSSELL, LL. D., 1821

-, has acquired great

celebrity as Special Correspondent of the London Times.

Mr. Russell is a native of Ireland, and a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin. He was admitted to the English bar in 1850. His name is the representative of a certain conspicuous phase of modern journalism. Although not the earliest, he is the chief of the now numerous and powerful class of special war correspondents.

During the Crimean war he was sent out by the London Times as their special correspondent, and such were his credentials that he was placed on intimate terms with the leading English officers, and enabled to collect the materials for that series of brilliant letters which established his fame. These letters were by no means stinted in their denunciations of mismanagement, and were among the prime agents in opening the eyes of the public to the defects of the army organization, and paving the way to reform.

In 1858 and 1859 Russell travelled in India, and published his observations in the shape of a Diary.

At the breaking out of the Civil War in America, he was again sent out as special correspondent, and travelled extensively throughout the South and East. He also followed the Northern army through their disastrous campaigns until the summer of 1862, and published a number of letters in The Times, one of which, containing the description of the defeat at Manassas Gap, and the subsequent panic, earned for the writer the abiding sobriquet of Bull-Run Russell.

After leaving the army of the Potomac, just before McClellan's defeat, Russell returned to Washington, and continued his letters to The Times from that city. These later ones, however, are little more than a rehash of Washington war-gossip.

In 1866, Russell accompanied the Austrian army in its disastrous Sadowa campaign, and was almost captured by the Prussians in their urprise of Chlum. Recently he has been more fortunate, accompanying the Prussians in their victorious march from the Rhine to Paris, and receiving the Iron Cross of the second class from the German Emperor.

Nearly all Russell's series of letters have been republished in book-form with careful revisious and additions. In this form they constitute a valuable contribution to what might be called current history.

Russell is the prince of Special Correspondents. He possesses the happy faculty of seizing the essential features of a campaign, a battle, a skirmish, or a journey, and presenting them in a clear and vigorous style. A man of culture and education, he writes to please men of like tastes with himself. Hence his freedom from anything like bombast or exaggeration. On the other hand, his views and his way of looking at things are essentially narrow, not to say unjust. He carries with him, wherever he may go, the atmosphere of England. This will explain his many blunders in the United States and his evident incapacity to take a broad and rational view of the great civil controversy. No one can surpass him, however, in the power of dashing off currente calamo a vivid and accurate description of a battle in time for the first mail home. This ability to furnish the very latest news fresh from the spot and in a pleasing form, has revolutionized the department of newspaper-correspondence aud called forth a host of more or less successful imitators.

The London Times.

THE TIMES, of London, is the largest and most influential newspaper in the world.

This paper was founded in 1785, under the title of The Daily Universal Register, which was changed in 1788 to its present title The Times. The founder and proprietor was John Walter, a printer. It had no extraordinary merit or success until 1803, when John Walter, Jr., son of the preceding, became joint-proprietor and sole manager. Mr. Walter was for many years editor as well as manager. The most conspicu ous feature in his management was enterprise in getting the latest news, and fearlessness in expressing opinion.

Thomas Barnes was employed as Editor from 1814 to 1841. Barnes wrote little, but was eminently successful in selecting his writers, and in giving tone and direction to what was written. The ablest leaders under his administration were written by Edward Sterling. It was Sterling's articles that first won for the paper the name of The Thunderer.

On the death of Mr. Barnes, in 1841, John T. Delane became Editor, and has continued in that position ever since. The salary of Mr. Delane, as Editor of The Times, is £5000.

The London Times is one of the marvels of modern civilization. This newspaper, in its issues for a single month, possibly in a single issue, contains more that is of value, for literary ability, and for the amount and variety of knowledge conveyed, than all that was ever written in the language from the earliest ages down to the time of Chaucer.

Other Journals. - The Times, however, is only a type of a class. It is now rivalled, in some respects eclipsed, by a considerable number of journals in the metropolis, and it is almost equalled by a large number in other parts of the kingdom.

The Weeklies. In mere literary ability, and simply as organs for the expression of opinion, without reference to the item of news, all these great dailies are now distanced by the Weeklies, of which a conspicuous example is The Saturday Review.

INDEX.

Apollo, The, a famous tavern in London, | Bacon, Mrs. Annie, 105.

89.

Arbuthnot, John, 234.

Bailey, Nathan, 249.
Bailey, Philip James, 516.

Arcadia, a philosophical romance, by Baillie, Joanna, 390.

Sidney, 66,

Archer, James, 323.

Baines, Edward, Thomas, 509.
Baker, Sir Richard, 103.

Arden, Mary, mother of Shakespeare, 85. Baker, Samuel White, 612.
Areopagitica, by Milton, 144.
Argyle, Duke of, 555.

Baker, Thomas, 250.

Baker, William, Henry, David E., 291.

Ariosto's, Orlando Furioso, translated Baldwin, William, 71.

by Harrington, 59.

Bale, John, antiquary, 60.

Armorica, or Brittany, a storehouse of Balfour, Alexander, 398; James, 354.

British legends, 27.

Armstrong, John, 309.

Balguy, John, 255.

Arnald, Richard, 256.

Arnold, Samuel, Jr., 398.

Ballantyne, John, James, 434.

Ballard, George, 293.

Bampton, Rev. John, 256.

Banim, John, 455.

Arnold, Thomas, of Rugby, 497; Mat- Bancroft, Richard, 111.

thew, 498.

Arnold, Thomas Kerchever, 507.
Arnott, Neil, 473.

Arrowsmith, Aaron, 366.

Art of Sinking, by Pope, 234.
Arthur, King, his Dream, 32.
Ascham, Roger, 101.
Asgill, John, 245.

Ash, John, 294.

Ashmole, Elias, 202.

Assheton, William, 206.

Astell, Mrs. Mary, 246.

Astle, Thomas, 369.

Banks, John, 193.

Barbauld, Mrs. Anna Letitia, 427; a

hymnist, 136.

Barbour, John, early Scotch poet, 47, 48.

Barclay, Alexander, 57; Robert, 208.

Barham, Richard Harris, "Thomas In-

goldsby," 449.

Barker, Edmund Henry, 505.

Barnard, Lady Anne, 333.

Barnes, Rev. Albert, his opinion of Dr.

Johnson, 265.

Barnes, Barnaby, 74; Joshua, 207.

Astronomical Discourses, by Chal- Barnfield, Richard, 74.

mers, 475.

Astrophel, a pseudonym of Sidney, 67.
Athena Oxonienses, by Anthony a
Wood, 202.

Athenæum, London, its opinion of Ade-
laide Procter, 515; of Wilkie Collins,
535; of Douglas Jerrold, 552.
Atkinson, Thomas Witlam, 612.
Atkyns, Richard, 168; Sir Robert, 200.
Atterbury, Bishop, 236.

Auber, Harriet, hymnist, 136.
Aubrey, John, 201.

Barrington, John Shute, 260.
Barrow, Isaac, 174.

Barrow, Sir John, John, 495.
Barry Cornwall, B. W. Procter, 514.
Bartlett, William Henry, 497.
Barton, Bernard, 452.
Barton, William, a hymnist, 134.
Bate, Julius, 318.
Bates, William, 185.

Battle of Ivry, by Macaulay, 565.
Baxter, Andrew, 291; Richard, 177.
Bayley, Frederic, W. N., 508.

Austen, Lady, her relations to Cowper, Bayly, Thomas Haynes, 452.