five ostrich feathers. If there is more than one row of feathers, those rows are termed in blazon heights; for example, a plume of ostrich feathers in two heights, by some termed a double plume, at Pl. xxxii., n. 9. Where the plume is composed of nine feathers, in two heights, they should be placed five in the bottom row, and four in the top row; if there are three heights, then the plume should consist of twelve feathers: viz., five, four, and three. They are termed a triple plume. See Plate XXXII., n. 10.

OTTER, the amphibious animal so called. Pl. XXVI., n. 10. Argent, a fess between three otters sable; name, Lutterel. Loutre, being French for otter.

OUNCE, or LYNX. See LEOPARD.

OVER-ALL is when one charge is borne over another. See Plate XIV., n. 13. Three bars wavy azure, over-all a lion rampant of the first; name, Bulbeck.

OWL. This bird, in heraldry, is always represented full-faced. Pl. xxxi., n. 16.

PADLOCK: sable, three padlocks argent; name, Lovett. Pl xxiv., n. 1.

PALE is an honourable ordinary, consisting of two perpendicular lines drawn from the top to the base of the escutcheon, and contains one-third of the middle part of the field. Pl. iv., n. 2. The pale is like the palisades used about fortifications, and formerly used for the enclosing of camps; every soldier was obliged to carry one, and to fix it according as the lines were drawn for the security of the camp.

IN PALE is when things are borne one above another, perpendicularly, in the nature of a pale. See Pl. x., n.

16.

PER PALE, SO termed when the field or charge is

equally divided by a perpendicular line, as Pl. III., n. 1. Party per pale, or and sable; name, Searle.

PALET. See PALLET.

PALL, an archiepiscopal ornament sent from Rome to metropolitans, and appropriated to archbishops: it is made of the wool of white lambs, and resembles the letter Y in shape. It consists of pieces of white woollen stuff, three fingers in breadth, and embroidered with crosses. See Pl. xxxvI., n. 10.

PALLET is a diminutive of the pale, containing one half of the breadth of the pale. See Pl. Iv., n. 3.

PALLISADO. See VALLARY.

PALLISSE is like a range of palisades before a fortification, and is so represented on a fess, rising up a considerable length, and pointed at the top with the field appearing between them. Pl. xxxix., n. 16. PALMERS' STAFF. See Plate xxxv., n. 3.

PALM-TREE. See Pl. xxxix., n. 2. The Egyptians represented the year by a palm-tree, and the month by one of its branches; because it is the nature of this tree to produce a branch every month.

PALY is when the field is divided into four or more even number of parts, by perpendicular lines, consisting of two different tinctures, interchangeably disposed. Paly of six, or and azure; name, Gurney. Pl. v., n. 17.

PALY-BENDY is by lines perpendicular, which is paly, and by others diagonal athwart the shield, from the dexter to the sinister, which is called bendy. Pl. XXXVIII., n. 22. Paly bendy sinister of six, or and azure, a canton, ermine; name, Buck, of Yorkshire. See Plate XXXVIII., n. 21.

PANTHER in heraldry, when depicted with fire issuing from his mouth and ears, is termed incensed. The

panther is always represented full-faced or gardant,

Pl. xxxi. n. 7.

PAPAL CROWN. See POPE.

PAPILLONÉ is a field divided into variegated specks, like those on a butterfly, but ranged like the scales of a fish. Pl. xxxvIII., n. 25.

PARROT. Pl. xxviii., n. 7. Parrots are frequent in the arms of the ancient families of Switzerland; occasioned by two great factions in the year 1262, which were distinguished by their ensigns; the one having a red standard with a white star, and the other a white standard with a green parrot; and the families that were concerned in these factions bore in their arms either stars or parrots.

PARTITION LINES are such as party-per-pale, partyper-bend, party-per-fess, party-per-chevron, party-percross, party-per-saltire; by which is understood a shield divided or cut through by a line or lines, either perpendicular, diagonal trans 7erse, &c., as in example, Pl. III. Why lines are used in heraldry, is to difference bearings which would be otherwise the same; for an escutcheon charged with a chief engrailed differs from a chief wavy as much as if the one bore a cross and the other a saltire.

PARTY signifies parted or divided, and is applied to all divisions of the field, viz. :

PARTY-PER-PALE is the field divided by a perpendicular line. Pl. III, n. 1. Party-per-pale, argent and gules; name, Walgrave.

PARTY-PER-PALE and CHEVRON signifies the field to be divided into four parts, by two lines; one is a pale line, the other a line in form of a chevron. Pl XXXVIII., n. 31.

PARTY-PER-PALE and BASE is the field divided into three parts by the pale line, and a horizontal one in base. Pl. xxxvIII., n. 32.

PASCHAL LAMB. See HOLY LAMB.

PASSANT-GARDANT, for a beast walking full-faced, looking right forward Pl. Ix., n. 1. Carter says, Gules, a lion passant-gardant, or, was the coat-armour of the dukes of Aquitaine, and was joined with the coat of the kings of England by the marriage of Henry II, with Eleanor of Aquitaine, being before two lions, the posture and colours one and the same. The supposition has probability in its favour; but it is unsupported by any known authority.

PASSANT-REGARDANT signifies a beast walking and looking behind him. Pl. Ix., n. 12.

PASSION, Or CROSS of the Passion, is like that of Calvary, but has no steps.

PASSION-NAIL. See Plate XXXvi., n. 31.

PATERNAL signifies, in heraldry, the original arms of a family.

PATERNOSTER, A CROSS; one which is made of beads. Pl. xxxvi., n. 7.

PATONCE, A CROSS, is flory at the ends, and differs from that which is so called, inasmuch as the cross flory is circumflex and turns down; whereas this extends to a pattée form. Pl. vi., n. 4. Vert, a cross patonce, or; name, Boydell.

PATRIARCHAL CROSS, so called from its being appropriated to patriarchs, as the triple cross is to the Pope, Pl. xxxvi., n. 20. Morgan says the patriarchal cross is crossed twice, to denote that the work of redemption which was wrought on the cross extended to both Jews and Gentiles.

PATTÉE, A CROSS, is small in the centre, and so goes on widening to the ends, which are very broad. Pl. vi., n. 6,

PATTÉE, a cross pattée throughout, i.e., extending to the edges of the field. See Plate xxxix., n. 9. Some authors term it cross pattée entire.

PATTES are the paws of any beast.
PAVILION. See TENT.

PAW. See GAMB.

PEACOCK, when borne affronté, with its tail spread, is termed in pride, as Pl. xxxv., n. 11; when represented with its wings close, as the example, Pl. xxiv., n. 15, it is blazoned simply a peacock, and it must be drawn as the example.

PEA-RISE, a term for a pea-stalk, leaved and blossomed; it is part of the crest of St. Quintin.

PEAN, one of the furs, the ground black, and the spots gold. Pl. xl.

PEARL, in heraldry, is used for argent, and in engraving is left white.

PEGASUS, among the poets, a horse imagined to have wings, being that whereon Bellerophon was fabled to be mounted when he engaged the Chimera; azure, a Pegasus, the wings expanded argent, are the arms of the Inner Temple, London. Pl. xxxiv., n. 20.

PELICAN HERALDIC. The pelican is generally represented with her wings indorsed, her neck embowed, pecking her breast; and when in her nest feeding her young, is termed a pelican in her piety. Pl. VII., n. 19.

PELICAN NAtural. In size it exceeds the swan. This bird has an enormous bag attached to the lower mandible of the bill, and extending almost from the point of the bill to the throat. See Plate xxix., n. 13.