to New York, where he received the thanks of the Legislature for gallant and meritorious conduct, and was made brevet brigadier-general of New York Volunteers. He also received other marks of high appreciation of his services while in Mexico. He was occupied for some time in public duty in the Philadelphia and Brooklyn Navy-Yards. In 1853-'54 he was Chief-Engineer of the Brooklyn Water-Works, for which he made new plans. In 1856 he went to Norfolk, Va., and took charge of the water-works there, and from 1858 to 1860 he was United States Surveyor-General of Kansas and Nebraska Territories. Gen. Burnett was an invalid during the latter years of his life, and gave up all active duty. He was buried at West Point.

Cary, Joseph C., an American inventor, born in Brockport, N. Y., in 1829; died in Martha's Vineyard, Mass., Aug. 7, 1884. He was the inventor of Cary's steam rotary force-pump. About 1860 he built two steam fire-engines, to which his pump was applied, for use in New York city. These engines propelled themselves through the streets by steam-power, and were capable, with ten men, of doing the work of five hundred with the hand-engines at that time in use. They proved to be very efficient at several large fires, and helped to save many millions of property. Mr. Cary entered Wall Street as a speculator about twenty years ago, and was also successful in connection with the Central Cross-town road in New York.

Channing, William Henry, an American clergyman, born in Boston, Mass., in 1810; died in London, England, in December, 1884. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1833, and was ordained as a Unitarian minister in May, 1839. He held several posts of prominence in his profession in various cities and towns of his native country, and subsequently became the successor of James Martineau in Liverpool, England. Mr. Channing was an author of considerable repute, and contributed largely to religious papers and reviews. In 1840 he published a translation of Jouffroy's "Ethics." In 1848 he compiled the memoirs of his uncle, the distinguished Unitarian theologian and controversialist, Dr. W. E. Channing. He also published the life and writings of J. H. Perkins, in two volumes, and the memoirs of the Marchioness Ossoli (Margaret Fuller).

Clarkson, Robert Harper, an American clergyman, born in Gettysburg, Pa., Nov. 19, 1826; died in Omaha, Neb., March 10, 1884. He was graduated at Pennsylvania College in 1844, studied theology at St. James's College, Maryland, and was ordained deacon in 1848, and priest in 1851. He became rector of St. James's Church, Chicago, in 1849, and served for sixteen years. He was consecrated Missionary Bishop of Nebraska and Dakota, Nov. 15, 1865, and entered at once upon his work. Bishop Clarkson was distinguished for earnest devotion to the duties of his office, was very successful in promoting the interests and ad

vancement of the Episcopal Church in the Northwest, and was an able and effective preacher.

Clemmer, Mary (Hudson), an American author, born in Utica, N. Y., in 1839; died in Washington, D. C., Aug. 18, 1884. She was educated at Westfield (Mass.) Academy, and when very young began to write for the "Springfield Republican." Afterward she became a regular contributor to the "New York Independent," in which appeared for many years her "Woman's Letter from Washington," by which she was best known in the literary world. At an early age she married the Rev. Daniel Ames, from whom she was afterward divorced. She was an intimate friend of Alice and Phoebe Cary, whose biography she wrote. She also published monographs on Charles Sumner, Margaret Fuller, George Eliot, Emerson, and Longfellow. She wrote two novels, "Eirene" (1870) and "His Two Wives" (1874), "Ten Years in Washington (1871), "Outlines of Men, Women, and Things" (1873), and a volume of poems (1882). With the earnings of her pen she bought a house in Washington, which was a social as well as literary center for many years, and in 1883 she married Edmund Hudson, editor and proprietor of the "Army and Navy Register." She was thrown from a carriage in 1878, and received injuries that made her somewhat of an invalid ever after. A complete edition of her works is announced for publication in 1885.

Duganne, Augustine J. H., an American author, born in Boston, Mass., in 1823; died in New York, Oct. 20, 1884. While quite a young man he contributed to the journals a number of patriotic songs and poems, which speedily became very popular throughout the country. These were subsequently gathered and published in a volume entitled "Hand Poems," which met with a large sale. A few years later he issued a tragedy, "The Lydian Queen," "Parnassus in Pillory," etc., and in 1852-'54 three other poems, "The Mission of Intellect," "The Gospel of Labor," and "The True Republic." Mr. Duganne wrote several prose works, and was connected for years with the daily press. On the outbreak of the civil war he went to the front with the One Hundred and Seventysixth Regiment of New York Volunteers. He did good service as colonel of the regiment, was captured by the enemy and confined in a Southern prison for several months, and on his return to New York gave an interesting account of his experiences, in a volume entitled "Twenty Months in the Department of the Gulf." Colonel Duganne resumed editorial and literary work after the war, but for the last few years of his life was compelled by ill health to forego active work. His latest production was a satire on the well-known skeptic, R. G. Ingersoll, entitled "Injure Soul."

Emott, James, an American jurist, born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in 1821; died there, Sept. 11, 1884. He was educated at College Hill

School, in his native town, and Columbia College, and pursued his legal studies in his father's office and under his father's personal tuition. He began to gain distinction soon after his admission to the bar, and when Poughkeepsie became a city he was elected its first mayor. His reputation as an advocate increased until 1855, when he was elected a Justice of the Supreme Court for the Second District. He continued to serve as judge during the eight years of his term. In 1862 he was appointed presiding justice for his district. In the following year, which was the last of his term, he sat, according to the system then in operation, as a Judge of the Court of Appeals. His opinions rank among the best written in the reports of the State. Soon after leaving the bench, Judge Emott removed to New York, where he entered actively into the practice of law, and his tall and slender but commanding figure was one of the most familiar sights in the courts. He was for thirty-two years President of the Merchants' Bank of Poughkeepsie, and for a much longer period devotedly attached to the organ, on which he played daily, and to his large and valuable library. Judge Emott was a member of the Episcopal Church, and always zealous in ecclesiastical affairs; an able, earnest churchman of the best school, holding many responsible posts in churches, and particularly efficient as an executive officer in other institutions connected with the Church.

Faulkner, Charles James, an American lawyer and politician, born in Berkeley county, Va., in 1806; died in Boydville, W. Va., Nov. 1, 1884. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1829. Three years later he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, where he introduced a measure looking to the gradual abolition of slavery in Virginia, by declaring that all children born of slave parents after July 1, 1840, should be free; but the proposition was voted down. Mr. Faulkner after this devoted himself to the work of his profession, and speedily took high rank in it. He was elected State Senator in 1841, but resigned in the following year. In 1848 he was elected to the House of Delegates, and introduced a bill that was passed and sent to Congress, which became the famous "Fugitive-Slave Law" of 1850. The next year he was elected to Congress, and then was re-elected by the Democratic vote for four successive terins. When James Buchanan became President in 1857, he offered Mr. Faulkner the mission to France, which, at first declined, was accepted in 1859. Louis Napoleon was induced by the American minister to sympathize with the South in the approaching contest, rather than with the nation, and accordingly President Lincoln recalled Mr. Faulkner, who, on his return to the United States, was arrested and thrown into prison as a disloyal citizen. When released he joined the Confederate army, and served until the surrender of Lee. For some years he was

debarred the rights of citizenship on account of having borne arms against the Government, but in 1872 his political disabilities were removed, and in 1874 he was elected to the House of Representatives. He was a candidate subsequently for the United States Senate and for the governorship of West Virginia, but failed of success in both. He then retired to private life.

Foster, Joel, an American physician, born in Barnard, Vt., March 10, 1802; died in New York city, June 29, 1884. He was a graduate of Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and removed to New York in 1855. When President Lincoln_called for volunteer physicians in 1861, Dr. Foster, who had been an active abolitionist, with nearly forty others, started for the field, where he did good service, which was appropriately acknowledged by the Government. Dr. Foster was one of the founders of the Academy of Medicine in New York city, and was identified with the Infant Asylum.

Fuller, George, an American artist, born in Deerfield, Mass., in 1822; died in Boston, March 21, 1884. At the age of fourteen he went to Illinois. He manifested strong natural talent for art, went to Albany, N. Y., in 1842, and was in the studio of H. K. Brown for about a year. Thence in a few years he made his way to New York city, where in due time he met with success. He was elected an associate of the National Academy in 1857, and traveled extensively in the United States as well as abroad. He returned to his farm in Deerfield for some years, but in 1876 he exhibited fourteen pictures in Boston, and was again busy with art.

Garrett, John Work, an American banker and railroad president, born in Baltimore, Md., July 31, 1820; died there, Sept. 26, 1884. He received his literary training at Lafayette College, Easton, Pa., and passed thence to his father's counting-room, where he obtained a thorough business education. For several years his time and attention were bestowed upon the affairs of the large banking-house of Robert Garrett & Sons, and he accumulated great wealth. In 1856 he became interested in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the following year, having clearly set forth his views as to the true policy of management of the road, he was elected president of the company. This post he held up to the time of his death. By strict economy and resolute carrying out of business principles in every department, Mr. Garrett succeeded in relieving the road of its financial difficulties and placing its affairs on a prosperous and sound footing. The only serious difficulty that occurred during his presidency was the great strike of employés, in 1877, owing to a dispute in regard to wages. For a few days there was a mob raging against the president; but order was restored, and Mr. Garrett soon after proved his sincere concern for the interests of those in the employ of the company by the estab

lishment of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Employés' Relief Association. This has proved to be a decided success, and is in the hands of the employés themselves. During the civil war Mr. Garrett was enabled to render efficient service to the cause of the Union by using the facilities of the Baltimore and Ohio road for conveying troops and supplies, and this service was warmly acknowledged by President Lincoln and Secretary Stanton. In addition to his labors in the railroad's affairs, Mr. Garrett was largely concerned in various other matters, was one of the trustees of the Johns Hopkins estate, and was active in politics.

Greene, Samuel Dana, an American naval officer, son of Gen. George S. Greene, formerly of the army, born in Rhode Island, Feb. 11, 1840; died by his own hand, at Portsmouth Navy-Yard, Dec. 11, 1884. He was educated at the Naval Academy, and served his country afloat and ashore for almost a quarter of a century. He was in command of the original Monitor after Capt. Worden was wounded, at the moment the Merrimac was driven back into James river. Just before his death, Commander Greene completed for "The Century an account of the famous engagement, which will be included in that magazine's series of war papers. There can be no doubt that his suicide was an act of insanity, as no cause for it is known.

Gregory, Samuel B., an American naval officer, born in Marblehead, Mass., in December, 1913; died in Hamilton, Mass., June 7, 1884. At the outbreak of the civil war he offered his services to the Government, and in December, 1861, he was given command of the steamer Western World, with which he took part in the capture of Fort Pulaski. In 1863 he was on blockade duty in Chesapeake Bay. A reward being offered by the President of the Confederacy for his body, dead or alive, he sent word ashore that if any one belonging to his vessel was injured, he would lay the country waste for twenty miles. No one was molested. In August of that year, while boarding his ship in a gale, he received injuries that ultimately caused his death. In July, 1863, Gen. Dix made a demonstration from Yorktown, Va., via White House, against Richmond. The Eleventh Pennsylvania Cavalry were waiting transportation, and Capt. Gregory said, "Take my gunboat." The general commanding expressed surprise at the offer of a gunboat for such a purpose, when Capt. Gregory said, "We are here to put down the rebellion, and nothing is too great to be used for that purpose.' Three hundred and sixty horses and men went on board, and in twelve hours were on their way to Bottom's Bridge.

Gross, Samuel D., an American surgeon, born in Easton, Pa., July 8, 1805; died in Philadelphia, May 6, 1884. He began the study of medicine in his native place, and went thence to Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he was graduated in 1828. He

practiced for some years in Easton; then, in 1833, he was made Demonstrator of Anatomy in the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, and in 1835 was appointed Professor of Pathological Anatomy in the same institution. Five years later he became Professor of Surgery in the University of Louisville, Ky.; and in 1850 he succeeded Dr. Mott in the University of New York. By the urgent request of his associates, he returned to Kentucky and resumed work there, after only a single session in New York. In 1856 he was elected to the chair of Surgery in his alma mater, Jefferson College, Philadelphia, which post he occupied with honor and success till within two years of his death, when he resigned on account of advancing years and desire for repose. Dr. Gross was author of numerous valuable works, including his "System of Surgery," "Elements of Pathological Anatomy," "Diseases of the Bones and Joints, "Results of Surgical Operations in Malignant Diseases," and "Manual of Military Surgery." In 1872 he received the degree of D. C. L. from the University of Oxford, and LL. D. from the University of Cambridge. He was a member of numerous foreign as well as home medical and surgical associations, and made many contributions to professional periodicals.

Hamilton, Philip, youngest son of the great statesman, Alexander Hamilton, born in New York city, June 1, 1802; died in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., July 9, 1884. For forty years he occupied the chair of judge of a district court in the city of Rochester. He was at one time Assistant District Attorney of New York, and conducted the trial of the noted pirate Gibbs, in 1861. He was also Judge Advocate of the Naval Retiring Board at the Brooklyn NavyYard. His latter years were spent mostly in retirement.

Harriman, Walter, ex-Governor of New Hampshire, born in Warner, N. H., in 1817; died in Concord, N. H., July 25, 1884. He obtained a common-school education, and became a Universalist preacher in Warner, and afterward in Harvard, Mass. In 1849-'50 he was a member of the Legislature of his native State, and in 1856 was appointed by President Pierce one of the Board of Commissioners to classify and appraise Indian lands in Kansas. He took the stump in favor of the Know-Nothing party in 1855-'56, and supported the nomination of Stephen A. Douglas for President in 1860. Mr. Harriman entered the Union service in 1862, and became a brigadier-general. He was made prisoner at the battle of the Wilderness, and was badly treated, in company with other officers, but was finally exchanged. He was a warm supporter of the Republican ticket, Lincoln and Johnson, in 1864. He returned to his command in November of that year, and entered Petersburg with the victorious army. Gen. Harriman was elected Governor of New Hampshire, in 1867, by the Republicans. was actively engaged in politics for several

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years, and for a considerable period held the post of United States Naval Officer at Boston, under the Administration of President Grant. He made a tour in the East in 1881, and published a volume giving an account of it.

Harris, Elisha, an American physician, born in Westminster, Vt., March 4, 1824; died in Albany, N. Y., Jan. 31, 1884. In early life he taught school, and aided himself in this wise while obtaining his own education. He was graduated, in 1849, at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, and began practice in that city. He took an active part in the sanitary service during the civil war, and invented a railroad ambulance, which carried off a prize at the Paris Exposition. On the organization of the Metropolitan Health Departinent in 1866, Dr. Harris was made Secretary and Register of Records. In 1869 he was appointed Sanitary Superintendent; but as the New York charter was amended, he went out of office the next year. He was reappointed in 1873. He left the department in 1876, when the Bureau of Vital Statistics was reorganized, and was subsequently appointed commissioner on the State Board of Health and Secretary. Dr. Harris issued a number of valuable books in connection with sanitary improvements, and was widely known for his zeal, energy, and unceasing labors in that cause.

Henry, Caleb Sprague, an American clergyman, born in Rutland, Mass., Aug. 2, 1804; died in Newburg, N. Y., March 9, 1884. He was graduated at Dartmouth College in 1825, and studied theology at Andover Seminary for three years. He entered the Congregational ministry in 1829, and served at various places for the next six years. In June, 1835, he was ordained deacon in the Protestant Episcopal Church, and the next year was ordained priest. For two years (1836-'38) he was Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy in Bristol College, Pennsylvania, and in 1839 he was appointed Professor of Philosophy and History in the University of the City of New York. This post he held until 1852. For three years (1847-'50) he was rector of St. Clement's Church, New York city, and later he held the rectorship of St. Michael's Church, Litchfield, Coun. (1870-'73). Dr. Henry published several works, and in company with Rev. Dr. F. L. Hawks and Dr. J. G. Cogswell established the "New York Review" (1837-'43). He also translated from the French works by Victor Cousin and F. P. Guizot.

Hoe, Robert, an American manufacturer of printing-presses, born in New York city in 1810; died in Tarrytown, N. Y., Sept. 13, 1884. Mr. Hoe was not only a very successful man in his business operations, but was also a public-spirited, liberal-minded citizen. He was one of the founders of the Academy of Design in his native city, a patron of young artists, and an earnest Christian.

Hoffman, Charles Fenno, an American author, born in New York city, in 1806; died in Har

risburg, Pa., June 7, 1884. He was a son of Judge Josiah C. Hoffman, and brother of Ogden Hoffman. He entered Columbia College, but did not remain till graduation, and was admitted to the bar in 1827. Disliking the legal profession, he resolved to devote himself to literature, and at the age of twenty-four he joined Charles King in work on the "New York American," a journal of some influence. In 1833 Mr. Hoffman established the "Knickerbocker Magazine," and soon after that he became editor of the "American Monthly." Two years later he published "A Winter in the West," which met with much favor. Other works followed. In 1840 appeared his first work of fiction, entitled "Greyslaer,' а гоmance founded on the trial of Beauchamp for the murder of Col. Sharpe in Kentucky. He published in 1842 a collection of his poems, under the title of "The Vigil of Faith, and other Poems," which appeared in 1845, revised and enlarged, as "Love's Calendar." Some of Mr. Hoffman's songs and lyrics have obtained a permanent place in literature, notably "Sparkling and Bright," and "Monterey." In 1846 he became editor of the "Literary World," which post he held for three years, till he was seized with a mental disorder, which rendered him incapable of literary or other work, and from which he never recovered.

Hubbard, Richard Dudley, an American lawyer, born in Berlin, Conn., Sept. 7, 1818; died in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 28, 1884. He was graduated at Yale College in 1839, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and practiced his profession till the close of his life. He was elected to the Assembly from East Hartford in 1842, and represented Hartford in the same body in 1855 and 1858. From 1846 to 1868 he was State Attorney for Hartford county. He was a member of Congress in 1867, but declined a re-election. As Democratic candidate for Governor, he was defeated in 1872, elected in 1876, and defeated again in 1878. During the civil war, Mr. Hubbard was an earnest supporter of the Union cause.

Hunt, William H., an American lawyer and publicist, born in South Carolina, in 1834; died in Petersburg, Va., Feb. 27, 1884. In "nullification" times his father opposed Calhoun's doctrines, and found it expedient to leave the State. He removed with his family to New Orleans. William Hunt was educated at Yale College, after leaving which he studied law, and was admitted to the bar. When the civil war broke out, in 1861, Mr. Hunt espoused the cause of the Union. He was busily occupied in the duties of his profession during the larger part of his life. In 1876 he was chosen Attorney-General of Louisiana. The next year he took up his residence in Washington. In 1878 he was appointed Justice of the Court of Claims of the United States. In 1880 he was selected by President Garfield as Secretary of the Navy, but when Mr. Arthur came into power he sent Justice Hunt as United States minister

to succeed Mr. Foster at the court of St. Petersburg.

Hunter, Charles F., an American merchant and financier, born in Bloomingburg, N. Y., October, 1819; died in Salem, N. Y., July 19, 1884. He entered mercantile life at the age of twenty-one, and acquired a fortune. In a period of great depression he became President of the People's Bank, New York, a post that he filled for twenty-seven years with eminent success. During the civil war he did good service as a member of the Clearing-House, and in the panic of 1873 he was chairman of the Loan Committee. He was also occupied in various kindred duties as director, trustee, and executive.

Ivison, Henry, an American publisher, born in Glasgow, Scotland, Dec. 25, 1808; died in New York, Nov. 26, 1884. He came to the United States when twelve years old, and learned the book business, chiefly in Utica, N. Y. He was for several years head of a bookstore in Auburn, N. Y., and removed to New York city in 1846. He there entered into partnership with M. H. Newman, a successful school-book publisher. Thenceforward Mr. Ivison devoted himself entirely to the specialty of educational works. After Mr. Newman's death, in 1853, Mr. Ivison associated with himself Mr. H. F. Phinney, of Cooperstown, and on Mr. Phinney's retirement in 1866, the firm was enlarged to the present style, Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co. Mr. Ivison retired from active participation in business in 1882.

Johnson, Alvin Jewett, an American publisher, born in Wallingford, Vt., Sept. 28, 1827; died in New York city, April 22, 1884. When a boy he worked on a farm, and having acquired a fair education he went to Virginia to teach school. In 1853 he settled in New York city, and became agent for "Colton's Atlas." Not long afterward he reconstructed the work, and issued it thenceforth as 66 Johnson's Illustrated Atlas." He also engaged in preparing and publishing books, including a cyclopædia that was issued under the editorial supervision of President Barnard, of Columbia College. Mr. Johnson was an active business man, and acquired a handsome fortune.

Kinsella, Thomas, an American journalist, born in Ireland in 1832; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Feb. 11, 1884. He came to the United States when a boy, and entered a printing-office. Some years later he was admitted into the office of the "Brooklyn Eagle" and became a contributor to its columns, chiefly in reporting cases in the police courts of that city. In 1861, the "Eagle" having expressed unusual and strong sympathy with the South, the editor was displaced, and Mr. Kinsella was put in charge. He held this post during the rest of his life. In 1865 he supported President Johnson, and was made Postmaster of Brooklyn. In 1868 he was appointed a member of the Board of Education, and also one of the Water and Sewerage Board. He was elected to Congress in 1870, and supported the nomination

of Horace Greeley for President of the United States in 1872. He was also a supporter of Gov. Tilden in 1876. In 1880 he was instrumental in securing the nomination of Gen. Hancock for the presidency, and organized "Jeffersonian Clubs," but with only partial success. Mr. Kinsella was a ready and able writer, and made the "Eagle" prosperous and influential.

Letcher, John, an American politician, born in Lexington, Va., March 29, 1813; died there Jan. 26, 1884. He was educated at Washington College and Randolph-Macon College, Virginia. He was admitted to the bar in 1839, became editor of a newspaper, and was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention in 1850. He was elected to Congress on the Democratic ticket four times in succession1851 to 1859. At the latter date he was elected Governor of Virginia. The State Legislature passed a secession ordinance while Letcher was Governor, with a provision that it be submitted to a vote of the people six weeks later. Without waiting for the popular decision, Gov. Letcher at once turned over to the Confederate authorities the entire forces of the State. After the failure of the Confederacy he took no prominent part in politics, but devoted himself to the practice of law in his native place.

Lovell, Mansfield, an American soldier, born in Washington, D. C., in 1820; died in New York city, June 1, 1884. He was graduated at the Military Academy, West Point, in 1842; was appointed second lieutenant in the artillery, and served at various points in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. He also took part in the occupation of Texas in 1845-'46. He was with his regiment in the Mexican War, and acquired reputation at Monterey, Vera Cruz, and Chapultepec. He was present at the capture of the city of Mexico, where he received a severe wound. For four years, 1850-'54, he was in command of the recruiting depot at Fort Columbus, New York. He then resigned from the army, went into business in New York, and in 1858-'61 was Deputy Street Commissioner. At the outbreak of the civil war he entered the service of the Confederacy. When the Union cause triumphed, he retired to a riceplantation near Savannah; but not long after he came to New York again and was engaged as assistant engineer under Gen. Newton.

Lyman, David Belden, an American missionary, born in New Hartford, Conn., July 28, 1803: died in Hilo, Hawaiian Islands, Oct. 4, 1884. He was graduated at Williams College in 1828, studied at Andover Theological Seminary, and was ordained in Hanover, N. H. He married Miss Sarah Joiner, in Royalton, Vt., Nov. 3, 1831, and on the next day they set out for Boston, to join a company of nineteen missionaries who were about to sail in the whale-ship Averick for the Hawaiian Islands. This was the fifth and the largest company of Protestant missionaries that had yet gone out to that group. The voyage lasted from Nov. 26, 1831, to May 17, 1832,