d'Eté, Valet de Noblesse. The first of these Valets has a hat under his arm; the second holds a dog in a leash (three of the four Valets in the ancient set have dogs); the third carries a large flower; the fourth a riding rod and a hawk on his fist. (See a copy of this in Plate IV.) The marks of the maker, with his initials V. C., appear on two of these cards.

The names of other illustrious kings and queens appear on a French pack of the reign of Louis XIII.; and the custom was still retained when Père Daniel wrote his dissertation on Piquet in 1720. The names seem then to have settled down into the following assortment : Kings, David, Alexander, Cæsar, Charlemagne; Queens, Judith, Rachel, Pallas, Argine; Valets, Hector, Lancelot, Hogier, La Hire.

Of Portuguese cards Mr. Chatto gives the following account :

"Some of the specimens of Portuguese cards given in the 'Jeux de Cartes Tarots et de Cartes Numérales,' have very much the appearance of having been originally suggested by, if not copied from, an oriental type; more especially in the suits of Danari and Bastoni,-Money and Clubs. In those cards the circular figure, generally understood as representing Danari, or Money, is certainly much more like the Chakra or quoit of Vichnou, as seen in Hindostanee drawings, than a piece of coin; while on the top of the Club there is a diamond proper, which is another of the attributes of the same deity. The dragon seen on each of the Aces is perfectly oriental in character; and the shields which appear on the Kings and Queens are very much like those which are to be seen in Hindostanee drawings. The coat cards in this pack are King, Queen, and Horseman; and the suits are Coppe, Danari, Bastoni, and Spade,-Cups, Money, Clubs proper, and Swords. The Queen, which here appears as the second coat card, is of unusual occurrence in cards of this kind, and more especially in such as are of Spanish or Portuguese manufacture. In two of the suits,-Clubs and Swords,the Queen appears in the act of encountering a dragon. The coat cards and aces have letters both at top and bottom, indicating the suit, and the rank or name, of

The second cut in Plate IV. shows the outline of one of the Valets. The letters C. S. signify the Caballo or Chevalier of Spade or Swords. Mr. Chatto adds,

"In a pack of modern Portuguese cards now before me there is no Queen; and the suits are Hearts, Bells, Leaves, and Acorns. The figures of the coat cards are half lengths and double-' de duas Cabeças ;' so that a head is always uppermost whichever way the card be held. In a pack of modern Spanish cards, Naypes Refinos," also without a Queen, the figures are also double; but the suits are Copas, Oros, Spadas, and Bastos,-Cups, Money, Swords, and Clubs proper. On modern German cards the figures are frequently represented double in the same manner.'

The same plan we have sometimes seen adopted at home.

Having now gone through the principal varieties of cards actually brought into use for games, we have not space to notice at any length those adaptations of the ordinary packs to other objects which have in every age exercised the invention of ingenious persons and the fancy of artists, and which also form a curious division of the subject. Though complying with the ordinary suits, and therefore capable of being used in play, it is probable that they have seldom been regarded except as curiosities. They may be arranged in three classes :1. Instructive; as intended to teach geography, arithmetic, heraldry, &c. 2. Historical and political; 3. Merely grotesque and humorous.

Mr. Chatto's last chapter, which discusses the Morality of Cardplaying, is perhaps from its anecdotical character, and the conflict of contending arguments, the most entertaining of the whole volume; but we have no room left for further extracts. We have already, we conceive, given a sufficient sample of his collections, to induce those for whom the subject has any attractions to repair to the work itself.

THE appearance of the biographical notices of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey in our Magazine for November last, reminded some of our friends of certain contemporary publications regarding that remarkable historical personage, of which we were not aware. One of these is entitled “Memoirs of the Life and Death of Sir Edmondbury Godfrey, late Justice of the Peace for Middlesex, who was barbarously murthered by the Papists, upon the discovery of the Horrid Plot, &c. 1682." 12mo. the Dedication of which to the king is signed Ric. Tuke: who, it may be presumed, was the same person as the author of a dramatic composition, at first called "The Soul's Warfare," and afterwards "The Divine Comedian; or, the Right Use of Plays, improved in a Sacred Tragi-Comedy. 1672." 4to.

After stating, correctly, the parentage of the Protestant magistrate, which was set forth in our former article, the biographer relates that Edmund Berry Godfrey, in his youth, travelled abroad; that he was a member of Gray's Inn, but “continued not long enough (according to the rules of such societies) to assume the graduate's robe in that profession;" that he afterwards removed himself into the country amongst his friends; and then returned to London with the younger son's portion of about 1,000l., to join Mr. Harrison, an intimate friend and relation,* as partner in a wood-wharf at Dowgate, within the city of London. There he prospered for a few years; but on Mr. Harrison's marrying a near relative of his own, parted amicably from him, and fixed himself "at the other end of the town, at Hartshorn lane, near Charing cross. This "Hartshorn Lane," it may be presumed, is the present Northumberland Street, at the lower

* As stated before, one of his god

fathers, whose name he took, was Mr. Edmund Harrison, the king's embroiderer,

who, nine years after, in the year 1630, married his sister Jane. See the family history in the Topographer and Genealogist, vol. ii. pp. 459, 461.

end of which his wood-wharf was situated, as we have before described.

When here established, in what was then the court end of the town, for the back premises of the palace of Whitehall were almost immediately contiguous, Mr. Godfrey advanced in wealth and importance, and became a justice of peace for the county of Middlesex and city of Westminster, after which his history has been already detailed.

For his character as a magistrate the biographer quotes the Sermon preached at his funeral by Dr. Lloyd, which also was printed and published, and which includes the opinion of him entertained by "one of the greatest of princes," of course King Charles himself.

"He that ought to know best hath often said, he took Sir Edmondbury Godfrey to be the best justice of peace in this kingdom. He was perhaps the man, the man of our age, that did the most good in that station. He did dedicate himself wholly to it; made his country his family, his parish his wife and children; attended wholly to their good; to keep up law and justice, and safety and liberty; to save others from violence and wrong, to reduce them from disorder and violence."

The other book to which our attention has been drawn is an old spellingbook, called "The Protestant Tutor," which seems to have gone through several editions. The copy before us was printed in the reign of George the First, but it retains all the party virulence of the reign of Charles the Second. The object of the author was evidently that youth should imbibe at one and the same time the first rudiments of language, and intense hatred of Popery; and it may be justly feared that he over-shot his mark, for the true interests of Protestantism, whilst he inculcated merely the seeds of anisounder principles of faith, humility, mosity and bigotry in lieu of the and charity. Such productions may, however, be quoted historically, in proof of the temper of the times; and with this purpose we extract (together with their illustrative woodcuts) the

accounts of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey's murder, and of the extraordinary political pageantry which was exhibited the following year on the anniversary of Queen Elizabeth's accession. After detailing the particulars of Titus Oates's plot, the writer says,—

"All these particulars were discovered to the council by Dr. Oats, which allarm'd the whole nation, and left no room to doubt a plot. This occasioned the murther of that worthy magistrate, Sir EdmundBury Godfrey, whose memory shall be dear to posterity, who, having taken Dr. Oats's depositions, which was no more than every justice of the peace was bound to do, yet, the Popish conspirators were so enraged, that they resolved to cut him off, to frighten all other magistrates from intermeddling. It is not certain how many were concerned therein, but those who are known to have been in it are Girald and Father Kelly, two Irish priests, Robert Green, cushion-man to the Queen's chappel, Henry Berry, porter at Somerset-House, and Miles Prance; these were actually present at the murder, and were persuaded by the Popish priests to commit it, by

being told, that Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey was a great persecutor of Papists, and that he had very lately examin'd people against them, and got depositions, to fix base crimes and scandals on their religion, and that the Catholicks would be ruined unless he were taken off; and that besides they should have a good reward from the Lord Bellasis; and that it was no sin, but a work of charity, and so far from murder that it was meritorious.

"After this, the conspirators beset Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey, and waited for him till nine of the clock at night, at which time he passed by Somerset-House, and Hill step'd out in great haste, and intreated him for God's sake to help him, for there were two men a quarrelling, and he was afraid there would be blood-shed: he at first refused; but Hill being importunate, he at last consented; Hill went first, and Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey followed into the lane, and behind followed Girald and Green; and as he was going down the stairs Green suddenly threw a twisted handkerchief about Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey's neck, and presently they threw him down and throttled him, and gave him violent punches with

their knees, and Green almost wrang his neck round with all his force; then they removed him into a room in the uppercourt, and Mr. Prance, who made the discovery, went with a dark lanthorn thither to see it, where Mr. Bedloe saw Mr. Prance, and afterwards carry'd him into the fields, to a place called Primrose Hill, and there in a ditch they left his body, with his own sword run through him, and the scabbard and his gloves laid on the bank, that he might be supposed to have murdered himself: but a while

after Mr. Bedloe voluntarily came in and gave an account of the whole matter; as also of the Popish plot, and then seized upon Mr. Prance, who joyned with him in his evidence; upon which Mr. Green, Berry, and Hill, were executed for the murder; and Coleman, Ireland Pickering, Grove Whitebread, Harcourt, Fenwick, Gavan Turner, and Langhorn, for the Popish damnable conspiracy; from which let us beseech Almighty God for ever to deliver us. Amen."