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physical conditions and laws which we here absolutely decided, for neither revelation nor
find.
experience give us any direct evidence, and this
uncertainty adds to its interest. As the belief
was not founded in scientific induction, but
rather on the ground of general analogy and
probability, no deductions from the natural
sciences in their present state can overthrow it.
It is a rational and theological belief, rather than
one based on scientific certainties or even scien-
tific conjectures. It comes from an enlarged
view of the plan of God, and not by strict induc-
tion from observed phenomena.

in our own earth this is the case, reason has always conjectured, and science has ever helped to confirm. That here all aspires to and centres in man, so that he is the head and crown of the world, that the " archetypal idea" of the world, to speak with Plato and Prof. Owen, is only partially realized in the inferior orders of beings, and is fully realized in man and what man does, is the comprehensive result of scientific investigation, as well as the dictate of reason. This is, so to speak, the subjective end of creation; in contrast with this, its objective end or purpose may be said to be the making the inherent glory of God extant and manifest. If the same God, or even the same order, presides in other worldsand we can hardly conceive it to be otherwisethen it is natural to infer that they, also, are destined to culminate in sentient and rational life. Some of them may still be unfitted to be the abodes of such beings as ourselves; they may be too tenuous in structure; they may be still going through the anticipatory stages. Others may never, so far as we know, be fitted for just such organizations as our own. But surely, the natural sciences press their inductions too far, when they assume that divine wisdom must always use the same methods, or the same laws, or the same proportions of heat, cold and light, to realize its grand object, the production of rational existences. If angels may exist, why not intermediate orders? Heat, cold and light are related to our present physical structure and conditions; why may there not be other physical structures and conditions for other kinds of beings? Why may not the end of creation be reached, in other orbs, by other combinations and processes than those with which we are here familiar?

The question of the plurality of worlds is an It could hardly fail to suggest itself to a reflecting mind, gazing upon the bright and silent orbs that look down upon us so serenely. Several of the Greek philosophers, as Aristotle and Plato, advocated the opinion that other worlds are inhabited; that ours is not the only Cosmos. Some of the Greek Fathers advanced a kindred view, though most of them were averse to such speculations. Gregory of Nazianzum says that "philosophizing upon the plurality of Since the conclusion is to be derived from worlds is among the suitable subjects for public analogy and general probability, rather than discussion by Christian preachers." The scho- from induction, and since it is a question about lastic theologians doubted or denied the inhab- the existence of rational and moral beings in itability of the planets; but this was in the spirit unvisited orbs, from which no tidings come, it of their theology, which made every thing center is a capital subject for any one who has any in the visible church, in Peter's See. With the theory, upon almost any other topic, connected revival of science, especially of astronomy, the with man, nature, or God. And so we find that plurality of worlds was again maintained by almost all the natural sciences are pressed into Giordano Bueng, and by Tycho Brahe, who the service of the argument; and if, in reading were assailed for asserting it, and by almost all the books, we do not get much knowledge of the modern eminent astronomers. Bishop Wil- the inhabitants of these other worlds, we can at kins advocated especially the claims of the least get a good popular statement about moon. Fontenelle, in his "Week's Conversa- geology, astronomy, heat, light, and the laws of tion," a charming work of fact and fancy, made gravitation. Thus, too, the plan of God, the the view popular; others, like Huggens in his scheme of Redemption, the nature of men and Cosmotheoros, sought to establish it with greater angels, the possible destiny of the human race, scientific method. Thomas Paine, in his "Age all furnish arguments, illustrations, analogies. of Reason," declared that no person could be- In the "World no Desert, the Universe no Molieve in the doctrine of Redemption by the nopoly;" the Swedenborgian theory is made to Incarnate Son of God and also in the plurality help out the conclusion. The little essay on the of worlds. Fuller replied to him, with con- "Plurality of Worlds," published by Bagster, vincing argument, in the "Gospel its own Wit-enters into the scriptural argument, fully and ness." Dr. Chalmers, in his eloquent Astronom- ingeniously. And, if the discussion should go ical Discourses, which a German once said on, we may well anticipate "solutions" of the required so much thought that they never could problem, from almost all "standpoints." Our have been delivered before a popular audience limits do not permit us, even if we had the cain Germany, took up the same theme, and pacity and the inclination, to review all the The argument from analogy has two entirely adorned it with his magnificent rhetoric. Neither natural sciences, or theological theories, in their | distinct aspects. There is the analogy drawn his rhetoric nor his logic were satisfactory to bearings on the question at issue. Nor do we from the general plan and order of creation; Mr. Alexander Maxwell, who endeavored to think this to be necessary for a vindication of reply to his positions, and also to overthrow the the very general and rational belief, that other Newtonian system of Astronomy, and to show worlds than our own are also inhabited by that the doctrine of plurality led to Swedenbor- moral beings. The strong probabilities are in gianism, in work of considerable learning and the affirmative of the question; and the natural research, which attracted sufficient attention to sciences seem to us to go beyond their lawful reach a second edition. Archbishop Cullen sphere in the ground taken to annul these probawrote an essay on the subject which has been bilities. suppressed, and which is said to have opposed All who believe in a God must also believe in the plurality. Herschel, Nichol, Lardner and a divine order, method, and end of the universe Dick have argued in its favor. But the last year which he has made. Whether that end be the has been most prolific in treatises on this distant external bodying forth of the imperial glories of theme. The essay ascribed to Dr. Whewell, the Godhead, or the happiness of creatures, on though its authorship is contested, is unques- either supposition, it must be an end which intionably the ablest and most interesting volume cludes the existence of sentient and rational bethat has yet been produced; and it has been the ings. Even on the merely naturalistic hypothesis occasion of all the recent works whose titles are of development, the end of the development is in iven above, and of others by Baden Powell, the existence of conscious life and thought. It is and M. L. Phillips, which we see announced, as the conception of this end which gives its unity to well as of articles in most of the leading Re- creation; that is, creation is seen to be a unity views. Though we can hardly concur in the only when seen in relation to some one compreexaggerated statement with which Sir David hensive end. And the order, as well as the Brewster begins his "More Worlds than One," unity of creation is found only as we view it in that "there is no subject within the whole range a process of growth, in relation to some such of knowledge so universally interesting as that end; the whole method of creation is but a of a plurality of worlds," yet it is a subject series of progressions, under certain laws, towwhich has its peculiar charms. It cannot beards the realization of the end of creation. That

there is also the analogy made on the ground of the same specific relations. The latter is the stricter form of the analogical argument; but the former has, at least, equal claims to rational assent. And even, on the ground of the stricter analogy, which demands the same, or nearly similar conditions of existence, in order to make an inference as to the existence of the same or similar beings in these other worlds, we think that Sir David Brewster has shown, with much learning and some sentiment, that the probabilities are in favor of the inhabitation of Mars, Venus and Mercury. Even the fires around the sun may be conceived as mitigated, so as not to scorch the dwellers upon it, or its inhabitants may be more "fiery particles" than ourselves. The moon may not be volcanic on its hotter side; science has not yet shown that it has no atmosphere. Mr. Simon, in his ingenious treatise on the "Scientific Certainties of Planetary Life," has advocated the cause of Neptune, and adduced ingenious arguments to show that the stars have opaque planetary systems like our own. One of his leading positions is that so great is the diversity in density of the medium through which light and heat penetrate to the other planets, that notwithstanding their different dis

tances from the sun, they may still receive tion of our ignorance, but chiefly by the suppo-
nearly the same degree of solar heat and light.sition that the inhabitants of other worlds may
In the region nearest the sun, he contends that not stand in need of redemption. Others take
this ethereal medium is incomparably less rare. the ground that this world, though not the cen-
And as to the difference in weight, even on the ter of the universe, may yet have been chosen
received hypothesis that the increased centrifu- as the scene of God's greatest work, and that
gal force of the exterior planets dilates the mat- the annunciation of it in other worlds may be
ter of each planet, instead of merely transferring sufficient to meet their needs and call out their
it farther from the center towards the circum- faith; just as we need not the present vision of
ference, he contends that there is no reason the scene on Calvary in order to our belief in its
for supposing that similar organic and inorganic reality. The author of the "Plurality of Worlds"
structures may not subsist upon the surface of brings to the objection quite a different reply-
all the planets. Weight is relative, and struc- that it may, after all, be true that no other
ture and functions may be adapted to it. His world needs redemption, since no other world
argument in respect to the fixed stars, and to contains inhabitants. In his fourth chapter he
the probability that they are the centers of sys- even goes so far as to say, that "moral, histori-
tems like our own, is admirably conducted. He cal, and religious views represent the human
claims, in opposition to the work ascribed to Dr. race as unique and peculiar;" that it "is vision-
Whewell, that there is no one particular in ary to assume any similar kind of progressive
which our sun is known to be unlike the other existence" in any other orb; and the idea that
fixed stars; that they are the centers of systems; an inhabitant of Jupiter may have a con-
and that even the double stars would permit the science," seems to him a bold assumption. He
revolution of planets around them; the two claims that the Bible does not know any thing
closest of these those in Alpha Centauri-could of the inhabitants of other worlds, or of any
have each six opaque planets, disposed as the six effect or influence of the work of Christ in rela-
planetary spaces between Jupiter and Mercury tion to them.
inclusive, and yet have a vacant space of one
thousand million miles between the limits of the
two systems.

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which is the great mystery and perfect center of all God's ways with his creatures, and to which all his other works and wonders do but serve and refer."

REPORTS OF CASES ARGUED and DETERMINED IN
THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE CITY OF NEW
YORK. By JOHN DUER, LL. D., one of the
Justices of the Court. Vol. II pp. 717. W.
C. Little & Co., Albany.

REPORTS OF CASES ARGUED AND DETERMINED IN
THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS FOR THE CITY AND
COUNTY OF NEW YORK, By E. DELAFIELD
SMITH, Vol. I. pp. 953. J. Ř. Halsted, New
York.

These volumes, just published, present the recent decisions of the two most important of the local tribunals of our metropolis. The Superior Court was organized in 1828, to provide an additional judicial force for the transaction of the litigated business of the city. The Supreme Court here (now consisting of five judges who are occupied solely with business arising in the city,) was then held by a single judge, whose circuit included Long Island and Staten Island. As originally constituted, the Superior Court consisted of three judges. It was intended as a We are wholly unable to see on what ground local tribunal, to relieve the circuit judge of a any one can assert the improbability of a pro- part of the business accumulating in this county. gressive history, physical, intellectual, and mo- It was subject to review in the Supreme Court, ral, in the supposed inhabitants of other planets. but it was to be superior to the other local triIf we suppose them to be, it would be very nat-bunals, and was so named. In the thirty years ural to suppose them also to have a history, a successive development, a law of growth, a moral nature, a conscience.

As far as the general truths of religion are concerned, those involved in the doctrine of the providence of God in relation to his creatures, we presume that there is nothing which militates against the view of a plurality of worlds.

Thus, on the ground of special analogy, valid facts and arguments are not wanting for the doctrine of the plurality of worlds. But when we come to ask the higher question of the end or object of the visible creation :-why were its millions of stars made? why these planets supplied with light and heat, moving in their orbits, with alternations of day and night? why the combined movements of the different systems around some common remote center (which Dr. Brewster well argues)?—and when we are forced That the office of Christ as Mediator in some to one of two conclusions, either that all the way embraces all worlds, is expressly declared stars and all the planets, so far as they have re- in the first chapter of the epistle to the Colosspect to rational and created existences, were sians, in the first of Ephesians, and in the second made for the denizens of this earth alone, or, for and fifth of Hebrews. By Him were all things sentient and intelligent beings in the planets created; by Him they subsist; all is to be put and suns themselves, it seems to us to be both under His feet; He is the fullness of him that derogatory to the divine power and wisdom, and filleth all in all; He is the Lamb slain from the conducive to a proud self-exaltation of humanity, foundation of the world; He is to reconcile all to maintain the hypothesis that ours is the only things unto God, whether they be things in inhabited sphere. So far as we know, the earth, or things in heaven. All that requires earth, the sea, the air, are crowded with animat-reconciliation is to be reconciled by Christ in ed life; each drop is a world; all the lower or- some way, though we may not know the way. ders are prophetic of the higher; moral beings Hugh Miller even suggests a kind of necessity here crown the whole. The idea of this world for the "introduction of an intermediate creais grasped only as it is seen to be the abode of tion of responsible imperfection," and are we not rational, moral beings. The same God who warranted in going even so far as to say, that made our world, made all others. And it is a all that requires mediation must have Christ for rational inference that all worlds have been, are, the mediator? And to come to God, to be either or are to be the theater of a divine moral gov-united or reunited to Him, do not all finite ernment, administered over moral agents. beings need mediation and a mediator?

The argument drawn from religious considerations was first applied by infidelity on the basis of a supposed plurality of worlds, to throw discredit upon the Christian belief that this earth has been the scene of the Incarnation and the Atonement of the Son of God. Even the mind of Webster, as is seen in his epitaph, was for a time touched by such considerations. Dr. Chalmers met this argument, in part, by the allega

So at least thought Lord Bacon, as cited in one of these works, with a wisdom higher than that of the author of the "Plurality of Worlds," when he said, that God is so holy and pure "that neither angel, man, nor world could stand, nor can stand one moment in his eye, without beholding the same in the face of the mediator." All the divine dispensations, he adds, in time and in eternity, have "respect to the Mediator,

that have since nearly elapsed, this Court, by its learning, its ability, and its assiduity in the administration of justice, has steadily grown in public estimation. Its powers have been as steadily increased and enlarged by successive acts of the Legislature, to enable it the better to transact its increasing business, until now it has a jurisdiction co-ordinate with the Supreme Court, and like that Court, is subject to review only in the Court of Appeals. Its bench now comprises six justices; and its decisions reported in Hall (2 vols.), Sandford (5 vols.), and Duer (the present series), are well entitled to the authority they are regarded as possessing. It is now the principal commercial tribunal of New York. The cases of commercial law coming before it are, undoubtedly, more numerous and more important than those in any other Court in the Union; and its decisions have thus come to possess interest beyond the confines of the State. This series is prepared by one of the Justices of the Court. The cases are very judiciously selected with reference to their general interest, and the preliminary statements are unusually full and complete. The marginal notes, which in so many reports are full of inaccuracies, misapprehensions, and contradictions, are here reliable, because prepared by the Court itself.

When the Superior Court was yet in its infancy, the Court of Common Pleas was about one hundred and seventy-five years old. We doubt very much if the antiquarian can find any institution here more ancient and venerable than the New York Common Pleas. His Honor Judge Daly, in a very valuable history of the judicial organization of the State, from the time of its settlement by the Dutch (which is prefixed to

Mr. Smith's Reports), informs us that this Court window. Is the spirit of Horace less eternal than these glance of the eye, the prominent features in each was first organized in 1653, under the early transitory roses? The cry is always of death now. Elo- of these departments are at once detected. The Dutch Colonial Government. It was then enti-quence is dead; and our senate wants it no more, we are told; and we shall have no Burkes and Ciceros,-nothing Maps are particularly full in respect to the tled the Court of Burgomasters and Schepens. but argumentative bagmen henceforth. But let the heart names of successive Governors and Legislators In the political changes which have transpired and the passions come into play in some noble stir, and we of the different States, and the general governsince then, it has undergone various changes of shall see! "Tis the same with poetry, and all the arts, and ment. The period embraced in this volume is form and name, but retaining still the same sub- satire: the man and the time come together, and they rise from the year 1802 to the present time. Dr. F.

stantial existence. By the ability exhibited in its present administration it has grown in importance, and its opinions have for some time commanded considerable weight. By a series of recent statutes, commencing with the Judiciary Act of 1847, the jurisdiction and powers of the Court have been enlarged, until now it stands upon about the same footing as the perior Court, with, moreover, an exclusive jurisdiction of certain local matters.

together to the life everlasting. Our prophets represent the

mood of the poet in one of the poems in In Memoriam:

"I dreamed it would be spring no more,

That nature's ancient power was lost;
The streets were black with smoke and frost;
They chatter'd trifles at the door."

It is only a dream, this of theirs. The spirit of Satire is
alive, and working now in various forms. I believe that in
Su-still plenty for it to do.

The opinions of this Court have not been hitherto reported regularly. This volume is the first of the series. It seems to be carefully and thoroughly prepared. The index,-not the least important part of a law book,-is very complete. It fills 120 closely printed pages. E. Delafield Smith, Esq., the editor, renders a very important service to his profession in this book; and Mr. Halstead has made, as one would expect, a very handsome volume of it. We are glad to learn that under the encouragement which the ready sale of this volume has rendered, the second is now in the course of rapid preparation for the press.

Redfield has republished the interesting lectures of Mr. James Hannay, on Satire and Sa

tirists.

There are two facts which the author brings prominently forward as illustrative of the benefits of a more particular acquaintance with this class of literature, viz.: that the satires of every age have been important agents in the historic work done in it; and that Satires, as

literary objects, give us valuable aid in studying the life of the age in which they were produced. The works of Horace, Juvenal, Erasmus, Sir D. Lindsay, Geo. Buchanan, Boileau, Butler, Dryden, Swift, Pope, Churchill, Burns, Byron, Moore, &c., are viewed in respect to their satirical qualities. The criticisms on Horace and Juvenal portray, very characteristically, those two old Romans as the great types of the two general classes of satirists. In speaking of modern literature, Mr. Hannay says:

In our own day we have plenty of Satire in our literature. But, for the most part, Satire does not bloom independently as a plant; it enters into the composition of literary productions, and gives a tone to them. We have not

the satiric laurel; but then it flavors puddings and blancmange, and is to be tasted in various liqueurs. We have novelists, and essayists, and journalists, who are satirical;

but where is our Satirist?

There is our grand heroic metre-the metre of Dryden and Pope-is it dead? is it used up? A Gifford would not succeed again; pompous high-flown libelling (something between Juvenal and a fish-woman) would not be tolerated now by literary men or the public. But does that settle the question? Shall we never have a glorious and spirited heroic couplet? Do we hate no more? Have we no fools and rogues in the land?

its peculiar and genuine form of the Satire Proper there is

Dickens, whose satire is embodied in a huge element of

W. Hunt, the compiler, has furnished a work of great value for purposes of reference and study.

Fleetwood's History of the Bible has been reprinted in a royal octavo volume, by Messrs. Carters. This comprises the Sacred History, from the Creation to the Incarnation, the facts presented in the Old Testament being arranged in consecutive order, and illustrated by reference to the manners and customs of the ancients, and by geographical notices. The notes at the bottom of the page are very full, and are taken from the standard works of Horne, Calmet, Poole, Patrick, Stackhouse, &c. The work is also accompanied by steel engravings and a map.

I must be content with briefly indicating the writers in
whose works the satiric spirit now works. There is Fon-
blanque, a satiric reasoner; Thackeray, a satiric painter:
comic and grotesque fun, and human enjoyment of life;
Landor the classic, who darts beautiful lightning, when not
more amiably employed; Disraeli, the bitter and the digni-
affects Apollo when he sneers, and Pegasus when he kicks;
fied, who browsed in his youth on Byron and Junius, who
Aytoun, whose jolly contempt has a good-fellowish air about
it, and whose rod seems odorous of whisky-toddy. Of Jer- Works, in two large volumes. Besides the valu-
rold, I may emphatically note, that he has real satiric genius, able Commentary which has been so popular a
spontaneous, picturesque,—with the beauty and the dead-guide in the interpretation of Scripture, Mr.
liness of nightshade.

Uriah Hunt & Son, Philadelphia, have just published an elegant volume of Ornamental Penmanship, comprising a series of analytical and completed alphabets, by George J. Becker. This production is the result of many years study and experience, evinces a high degree of good taste, and is executed in a superior manner. It contains 33 highly finished plates, which very happily illustrate the effects of a combination of different styles of chirography.

The well known and valuable standard His

tory of America, by Robertson, has been repro-
duced in one large volume of over 1100 closely
printed pages, by A. R. Phippen, New York.
This publication will bring this important work
more immediately within the reach of American
scholars and students of early American history.
A supplement, by an American writer, treats in
a cursory manner, of the events which have oc-
curred since the Revolution.

Lingard's History of England, from the First
Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of Wil-
liam and Mary, in 1688, has just been completed
in an edition of thirteen duodecimo volumes,
published by Phillips, Sampson & Co. The au-
thor's reputation as a historian, will secure this
work an introduction into the public libraries
throughout the country, particularly now that it
is issued in so convenient a form and at so low a
price. The several volumes have been noticed
in the columns of this journal, as issued.

edition of Rev. Matthew Henry's Miscellaneous

The same firm have also issued a handsome

Henry's Sermons, Tracts and other productions, contain much important doctrinal and ecclesiastical matter, illustrating the general condition of the churches in England during the stormy periods of their history. The interesting life of Rev. Philip Henry, his father, who was a celebrated noncomformist Divine, is prefixed. The present, of all the editions which have been issued, contains the fullest collection of Sermons and Papers, and will be a valuable acquisition to the theological and public libraries.

The publishers are still competing with each other in the publication of the works of the Rev. Dr. Cumming. There must be something especially fascinating in the writings of this distinguished Divine, to warrant the production of so many of his works in such rapid succession. Jewett & Co., of Boston, have sent us the third volume in the series of Scripture Readings, or a familiar commentary on the Book of Leviticus. This volume contains also a Companion to the Readings, embracing a number of Sermons on the same book, entitled The Great Sacrifice." Another work by the same author is entitled The Daily Life, containing precepts and prescriptions for Christian living, which are enforced with earnestness, and suggest many reflections of practical importance.

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Messrs. Lindsay & Blakiston also publish a late work, by Dr. Cumming, entitled Signs of the Times; or Present, Past and Future. This volume exposes to view the author's peculiar doctrines respecting the Millenium, applying the words of Prophecy, in their literal fulfillment, to passing events. There is a striking glow of impassioned thought exhibited in many of these lectures.

D. Appleton & Co. issue a folio volume of American History, according to the "Pantological system," which furnishes a panoramic view of the origin and progress of Nations and States, by exhibiting on charts the principal events in their History, Chronology, &c., including a view of the acts of legislation, the develop The general notion is, that the heroic satire is dead. Nay, ment of Jurisprudence, Politics, Diplomacy, &c., we are told sometimes, that the day of Satire is past; that with statistics of Commerce, Agriculture, Literaliterature is disgraced by such fighting; and that we must all be friendly, and peaceable, and respectable. For my own ture, Education, Religion, &c. All these and part, I am slow to believe these theorizers. The roses many similar topics, are introduced into the which pleased Horace come fresh as ever into life before my Maps which form this volume, so that by a is written with something of party spirit, and

The Philosophy of Sectarianism, by Rev. Alexander Blaikie, and published by Phillips, Sampson & Co., has reached a second edition. It gives a classified view of the Christian denominations in the United States, with reference to their tendencies and their radical differences. The book

The Practical Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Gardener's Companion, by P. Neill, LL. D., has been reprinted by C. M. Saxton & Co., with adaptations to the soil and climate of the United States, by G. Emerson, M. D. Those portions of the original work which related to fruits which can not be cultivated in this country, have been left out in the present issue, and much new matter has been added. The processes of graft. ing, training, &c., are very fully illustrated.

Humboldt, Rogers, Campbell, Wardlaw, Chalmers, Dick, and many more equally celebrated, are daguerreotyped on the pages of this volume.

enforces the doctrines, government and disci-schools, this work would also prove highly Foster, Hannah More, Ney, Grouchy, Guizot, L. pline of the pure Presbyterian Church, in contra- useful. D. Appleton & Co. are the publishers. Philippe, Vinet, Tholuck, Gesenius, Neander, distinction from the Romish Church on the one hand and Independency on the other. D. & J. Sadlier & Co. have issued a very seasonable work, entitled "A Polemical Treatise on the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin," by Cardinal Lambruschini, to which is added a history of the Doctrine, as it has been developed in the Church of Rome, by Father Felix, translated from the French by Mrs. J. Sadlier. An appendix is also furnished, giving an account of the recent proceedings at Rome, where the Dogma was fully established by Papal authority.

The Life of St. Frances of Rome, by Lady Georgiana Fullerton, has been published by the same firm. It is a very romantic story of a lady who lived in the fourteenth century. A very well written and ingenious Introductory Essay, by J. M. Capes, is prefixed, treating of the Miraculous Life of the Saints, in answer to the objections urged against such miracles and ecstacies as are recorded in this volume. In this preface the writer states that their lives are not all equally to be relied on as undoubtedly true in their various minute particulars, but that the most prominent are substantially true.

Mr. David A. Harsha has collected the most

We need only announce that Mr. J. S. Dickerson has just issued the fourth revised and illustrated edition of The Genius of Italy, by R. Turnbull, D. D., containing additional notices of the various changes which have occurred in that country since the Revolution in 1848, with

some account of the lives and fortunes of Gavazzi, Garibaldi, and other Italian leaders.

The Rag Bag is said, on the title, to be a collection of Ephemera, and is dedicated to Geo. P. Morris, Esq. The work consists principally of pieces which have been published in the "Home Journal," and are now preserved, in a

more readable form, as "small fragments" of literature. Those who have read the town

famous speeches of the eminent Orators and Statesmen of Ancient and Modern Times, with biographical notices and criticisms on their genius. It contains a series of very animated sketches of the principal events in the history of such orators as Demosthenes and Cicero of earlier times, and of Chatham, Burke, Grattan, Fox, Brougham, Pitt, and others prominent in gossip" of that journal in all its amusing and English history, while our own country is repre-colored scraps that are interwoven together in curious variety, will have some idea of the many sented by P. Henry, Fisher Ames, Clay, Cal- this book. C. Scribner is the publisher of Mr. houn, Webster and Everett. It is intended by the author, not only as a text book for students, Willis' complete prose works. but as an every-day book for general reference. The speeches embraced in this volume are generally the best specimens which could have been E. Dunigan & Brother have just published selected, and many striking descriptions of the which cluster around home, and the power of social virtues. J. C. Derby. The Mysteries of the Faith:-The Incarnation, characteristics of the different speakers, as relacontaining Meditations, Discourses, and Devo-ted by eye-witnesses, have been added. C. Scribtions on the birth and infancy of the Savior, by ner is the publisher. St. Alphonsus Maria de Liguori. Spiritual Reflections on particular passages of Scripture, which illustrate the doctrine of the Incarnation are followed by prayers relating to the same topic.

Mrs. Arey's Household Songs is the title of a collection of pleasing poems, which illustrate with grace and simplicity the kindly affections

Lindsay & Blakiston have sent us the fifth edition of Afraja, a Norwegian and Lapland Tale: or, Life and Love in Norway, a superior Mrs. Stowe has favored the public with a col- translation from the German of Mugge, by Edlection of her miscellaneous writings in a hand-ward Joy Morris. The author of this popular some volume entitled The May Flower. Although work has been styled "the Walter Scott of it does not possess the unity of design and com. Germany." pleteness which characterized "Uncle Tom's The same firm have issued Chateau Lescure; Cabin," the sketches and stories in this volume or the Last Marquis, a story of Brittany and the still betray the same generous sympathy for huVendée, which is one of "Dunigan's Home Li- man weakness and want, and that intimate brary," a second series of attractive works, in a knowledge of human nature, which was so manipopular form, designed to counteract the ten-fest in that work. The pictures of New England dencies of Anti-Catholic Literature.

The Daily Monitor is constructed on the “verse-a-day" system, containing portions of Scripture, appropriate anecdotes and verses of hymns, prepared by the Rev. John Allen, and with a recommendatory preface, by Rev. E. N. Kirk. Published by J. P. Jewett & Co.

life, which are painted with remarkable vivacity and life-likeness, exhibit much originality of thought, quaintness of style, and power of Christian feeling. A portrait of the authoress, as if in a deep reverie, accompanies the volume, which is published by Phillips, Sampson & Co. Gould & Lincoln have issued a work from the R. Carter & Brothers have issued the Memoirs pen of Dr. Wm. B. Sprague, of Albany, entitled of John F. Oberlin, a devoted Pastor of Wald- Visits to European Celebrities, which is mainly rach, in the Ban de la Roche. It is a record a compilation of certain articles originally conof the labors of a faithful Missionary in a ne-tributed by the author to the "Presbyterian." glected neighborhood, which was civilized and evangelized through his efforts.

Ashton Cottage; or, The True Faith, is a Sunday tale, illustrating many phases of religious experience, designed for the reading of youth, and published in Carters' series of illustrated juveniles.

Dr. Johnston's Chemistry of Common Life is now complete in two duodecimo volumes, illustrated with numerous wood engravings. The valuable scientific information which is embodied in its pages, in a popular form, well commend it to the attention of the public, as an invaluable guide to the knowledge of man's most common and intimate relations to the external world. As a text book for higher classes in

is a satirical poem by J. Hunt Strother, which The Golden Calf; or, The Almighty Dollar, lashes the fashionable follies, and, above all, the

by G. E. Leefe, and for sale by C. Shepard & Co., money-getting propensities of the age. Printed

N. Y.

The Summer Land is an agreeable southern

story, which presents some vivid sketches of scenery, and a sunny picture of life on the plantation. Published by D. Appleton & Co.

A Southern Home is written for children, by a Virginian, and embraces a series of very interesting stories, accompanied by neat illustra

tions. Published by A. Morris, Richmond.

lished by A. D. F. Randolph. We need only Hope Campbell; or, Know Thyself, is pubmention that it is written by the authoress of of youthful experience, which inculcates useful "Lily Gordon," "Margaret Cecil." As a history and moral lessons, such a book will commend itself to the attention of parents.

Others, however, have been added, and the
whole revised and presented in a more perma
nent form. It contains simple but graphic de-
scriptions of personal interviews with about
eighty of the most distinguished characters of
the last half century, nearly all of whom have
Wm. Howitt's Boy's Adventures in the Wilds
of Australia is full of the most exciting and
now passed from the stage of action. The ma-
terials for the present volume were collected
strange adventures, which could only have sug-
during two visits to Europe-the first in 1828 showing an acquaintance with the region de-
gested themselves to a fertile imagination, yet
and the second in 1836. The fac simile auto-scribed which must have been gained by per-
graphs at the head of each article we presume sonal experience. Ticknor & Fields are the
are taken from Dr. Sprague's own extensive col-
lection, and, together with the descriptions
publishers.
which follow, present the individuals named in
a very familiar and interesting light. Such char-
acters as Irving, Hill, Wilberforce, Jay, Hall,

SUMMARY.

We have received the following pamphlets:

information respecting the British system. "Taste in New York," and "The Modern Archi. The History of Mason & Dixon's Line, by J. H. B. La-tecture of New York" are closely related, and trobe, contains some very curious information on the his- comprise notices of our various public buildings

torical origin of this familiar phrase, in a paper read before the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Published by the

Society.

Six Articles upon the Smithsonian Institution, from the “Boston Post," with the letters of Profs. Peirce and Agassiz.

Office of the "Post," Boston.

Second Annual Report of the Secretary of the Board of Agriculture of Massachusetts, January, 1855; containing also, the Reports of Committees appointed to visit the various County Societies. W. White, printer, Boston.

The Naturalization Laws of the United States contains a valuable synopsis of all the Alien laws of all the States and the legislation of the General Government on this sub

ject. D. M. Dewey, Rochester.

The Navy Register of the United States, for the year

1855, furnishes a list of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy, Marine Corps, &c. A. O. P. Nicholson, printer, Washington.

The Ends and Means of a Liberal Education: an Inaugural Address by Rev. M. B. Anderson, President of the University of Rochester.

Catalogue of Fort Plain Seminary, N. Y. 400 students. 170 ladies; 230 gentlemen.

and works of art. "Washington Irving, his
Home and Works," "Medieval History of
Athens," "Lunar Influences," "The Sandwich
Islands," and a resumé of contemporaneous lit-
erature, fill up the remainder of this interesting
number.

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De Bow's Review for April, contains the usual amount of educational, statistical and current information. Among the articles are "The South and the Union," "Practical Effects of Emancipation," by D. J. McCord, of South Carolina; Selections of Seed in Agriculture," by J. W. Scott, of Ohio; "Public Debts and Securities," Sugar Trade of the United States," "Southern Convention at New Orleans," "Cotton Manufactures," 'Common Schools and Universities, North and South," &c., &c.

Homan's Bankers' Magazine for April, has a comprehensive view of the "Free Banking Sys

The BARRE INSTITUTION FOR IDIOTS, located at Barre, Mass., has just published its third report. Dr. Brown is the Superintendent, and is assisted by six teachers. Twenty-five children are connected

with the institution, and have made considerable the instructors. Singing has been found extremely progress by persevering application on the part of useful and agreeable in its effects on the minds of the pupils.

Rev. Alvah Hovey, Professor of Ecclesiastical History in the NEWTON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, (Baptist,) has been transferred to the chair of theology, and Rev. Albert N. Arnold, at present missionary in Athens, has been appointed to the Professorship vacated by Prof. Hovey.

The Professorship of Natural Philosophy and Civil Engineering, in BROWN UNIVERSITY, vacant by is supplied by the election of Samuel S. Green to the removal of the Rev. Henry Day to Philadelphia, that chair. Mr. Green is a thorough scholar, and was Superintendent of the Public Schools in Providence at the time of his appointment. The number of students in this institution at present is 252. The Calendar of TRINITY COLLEGE, for 1855, just published, contains a brief sketch of the history of

Constitution of the Richmond Young Men's Christian tem" in different States. Also, a statistical view the college and some account of its internal condi

Association, with Officers for 1855.

Kunst, and Land Karten-Handel. Zweiter Jahrgang, 1854.
Bibliographisches Jahrbuch für der deutschen Buch-

Zweiter Band, Leipzig; Avenarius und Mendelssohn.

Periodical Literature.

the Origin and Progress of Money, Coins, &c, by
of "State Finances," and a " Historical Survey of

J. Dadie, of New York, besides the miscellane-
ous articles of commercial value.

Our Notes on Religious and other Periodicals, are
unavoidably crowded out, but will appear in the next num-

ber.

Educational Intelligence.

AMERICAN.

BOWDOIN COLLEGE, at Brunswick, Me., has, at present, 170 undergraduates, of whom about 25 are students for the Ministry.

ates, 24 Juniors, 13 Sophomores, and 20 Freshmen. tion and organization. This institution, located at Hartford, Ct., contains at present 20 undergradu

YALE COLLEGE is in the field for more funds. Subscriptions are desired to the amount of $100,000 to meet the pressing demands of the College in its various departments.

At the annual meeting of the ALBANY INSTITUTE, Dr. T. Romeyn Beck was elected President.

A memorial has been addressed, by the New York Teachers' Association, to the Legislature of the State, petitioning that body to incorporate County Teachers' Associations, with power to grant licenses to teachers. This unanimous action of the N. Y. Teachers' Association in seeking a legal recognition of a teacher right, is designed to elevate the office of teacher to the dignity of a profession.

The North American Review for April, opens with some brief notices of the French Revolution of 1848, with a view of its causes and final issue, showing that it was unsuccessful because it did not provide for the deepest need of France, viz. Social Regeneration. "The Arctic Search" is the subject of a review of the many recent voyages which have proved so disastrous to life, The literary societies of DARTMOUTH COLLEGE The committee appointed by the Senate of N. Y. and only measurably important in a scientific have, by a unanimous vote, appointed Park Ben-State, last year, to inquire as to the facts concerning view. "The Science of Politics" is the title of jamin to deliver the Anniversary Poem in July the alleged violation of the charter of COLUMBIA an article which is chiefly occupied with state- next. The friends of this ancient institution are COLLEGE in the rejection of Dr. Wolcott Gibbs as a ments of Mr. Dove's Theory of Human Progres- soliciting funds to meet the special wants of the candidate for the vacant Professorship in Chemsion, with criticisms thereon. "The French Cal- college. At least $100,000 will be required. istry, have reported in full the results of their invesvinists in North America" shows their claims to At a recent meeting of the Board of Overseers of tigations. The committee state "that, on the testithe grateful remembrance of the present genera- sell Lowell to be the Smith Professor of Modern almost be compelled to find that Dr. Gibbs was HARVARD COLLEGE, the appointment of James Rus-mony before them, as a matter of fact, they would tion of America's sons. "The Causes of the Languages and Literature was confirmed. The ap-excluded from the benefits and immunities of the American Revolution" is an interesting histori-pointment of the Professor of Christian Morals, on college by reason of his peculiar tenets in matters cal notice of Bancroft's late volume. "The the Plummer foundation, was laid over until the of religion; but that the college has not violated its Life and character of Rev. Sylvester Judd" is Committee on the Statutes of the Professorship charter in respect to the election or appointment of principally a review of his writings"-" Marga- should make their report. It is thought by some any Professor in said college." The investigations ret," Philo," "Richard Edney," with inciby means of which these conclusions were arrived dental allusions to his life and labors. An exat were rather peculiar and interesting; but the tended notice of "Miss Yone's Novels" sketches details of the controversy have already been laid fully before the public. The committee state that some of her principal characters, and eulogizes in a legal sense this is not an Episcopalian college, her imaginative talent. "Bigelow's Nature in as has been claimed by many, although it would not Disease," and "Gayarre's History of Louisiana" be just, in the view of the committee, to exclude are highly commended. Modern Necromancy" that Church from all influence and control in the theorizes about the spiritual manifestations, institution which it has contributed so liberally to which are supposed by the writer to be caused found and maintain. They very justly remark that by a state of nervous disease. "it is a question worthy the consideration of the Statesman, the Christian, and the Scholar, whether our Seminaries of learning and Colleges throughout character that is given them, or assumed by them, than from any other cause; and whether their want of success and prosperity may not generally be attributed to the sectarian influences that surround them; and whether there is any way by which their

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The New York Quarterly for April, well merits

that the appointment of a Christian Instructor,
however excellent the idea may seem, will create
sectarian difficulties which will disturb the peace
and prosperity of the college. The nomination of
Ex-Governor Emory Washburn, as Lecturer in the
Law School, was also concurred in. Mr. W. is a
ripe scholar, and is the author of a work of great
learning upon the judicial history of Massachu-
setts from the earliest times to 1775. The number
of undergraduates in this University is 840, of
whom eight are preparing for the Ministry.

The oration before the Phi Beta Kappa Society at
the next commencement of AMHERST COLLEGE will

its title, for the majority of its articles relate to be delivered by Hon. George P. Marsh, late U. S. the State do not suffer more from the sectarian the affairs of New York city, and are of an un- Minister to Turkey; the address before the Sousually practical nature. "New York Govern-ciety of Inquiry by Rev. J. P. Thompson, of New ed" is a flattering review of Mayor Wood's ad- York, one of the editors of the New York Indeministration. "Post Office Improvements" con- pendent; and the oration before the Alumni by tains very important statistics, and particular Rev. Frederick D. Huntington, of Boston.

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