Bethpage, L. I., 1688"; Henry Carrington Bolton and Reginald Pelham Bolton traced "The Family of Bolton in England and America, 1100-1894," and W. G. Stannard prepared " A Chart of the Ancestors and Descendants of Rev. Robert Rose."

Criticism and General Literature.-Under both of these heads fall" My Literary Passions," confided to us by William Dean Howells with charming abandon, which awaken many a sympathetic chord. Prof. Hiram Corson defined "The Aims of Literary Study," and Henry Matson, the author of "References for Literary Workers," discoursed of "Knowledge and Culture." Margaret S. Mooney offered "Foundation Studies in Literature," and Greenough White published Part I of an "Outline of the Philosophy of English Literature," devoted to the Middle Ages. Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen contributed 7 enthusiastic "Essays on Scandinavian Literature," to which his "Commentary on the Writings of Henrik Ibsen," issued last year, must be regarded as supplementary. "Old Pictures of Life," by David Swing, to which Franklin H. Head supplied an introduction, filled 2 volumes, and Laurence Hutton was heard from upon "Other Times and Seasons" in the Harper's "American Essayists Series". Gustav Karpeles wrote on "Jewish Literature and Other Essays." Vol. III of "English Lands, Letters, and Kings," by Donald G. Mitchell (Ik Marvell), carries us through the times of "Queen Anne and the Georges," closing with a portrayal of Wordsworth. "Books and their Makers during the Middle Ages" were the subject of 2 volumes by George Haven Putnam, and Brander Matthews wrote of "Books and Play-Books." A new enlarged edition was issued of "Essays in Miniature," by Agnes Repplier. Thoughts of John Vance Cheney on poetry and the poets were entitled "That Dome in Air," while from Miss Vida Dutton Scudder we have 2 thoughtful volumes, the first tracing "The Life of the Spirit in the Modern English Poets," and the second offering "The Witness of Denial" in modern English prose writers. Frank Preston Stearns was particularly interesting in "Sketches from Concord and Appledore," and in this connection may be here mentioned "Literary Shrines: The Haunts of Some Famous American Authors," by Theodore F. Wolfe, M. D., who also made "A Literary Pilgrimage among the Haunts of Famous British Authors," both volumes exquisite in the technique of book making and fascinating in their affectionate treatment of the subjects of each. Elbert Hubbard also made "Little Journeys to the Homes of Good Men and Great." "Idyls of the Big World" were from the pen of W. D. McCrackan. Prof. F. M. Warren chose an apparently limited field in his study of "The Novel before the Seventeenth Century," which, however, was found to be wider than was supposed, and which he traversed in an interesting and instructive manner. "Twentyfive Letters on English Authors" came to us from Mary Fisher. Prof. R. G. Moulton edited "Four Years of Novel Reading," the account of an experiment in popularizing the study of fiction, which he regards, as he tells us in his introduction, as an art, and Hugo Erichsen, M. D., gave special attention to "Methods of Authors." John A. Kersey examined "Ethics of Literature." "Rhetoric: Its Theory and Practice" was the title given to the lectures upon English Style in Public Discourse," delivered twelve years ago by Dr. Austin Phelps to the students of Andover, edited in text-book form by Prof. Henry Allyn Frink. A new revised and enlarged edition was also issued of" The Principles of Rhetoric," by Adams Sherman Hill. Gilbert M. Tucker made a plea for the proper use of the English language as Our Common Speech," and Frances Bennett Callaway treated of "Charm and Courtesy in Letter Writing." Charles A. Dana collected 3 lectures upon "The Art of Newspaper Making" into a small volume. From Henry Van Dyke we had "Little Rivers: A Book of Essays in Profitable Idleness," and from Rev. George H. Hepworth "Brown Studies; or, Campfires and Morals." George H. Ellwanger entitled 6 com

mentaries concerning some of those who have apostrophized the joys of the open air" Idyllists of the Country Side "; and among books chiefly descriptive of the beauties of Nature are to be mentioned "Among the Northern Hills," by William Cooper Prime, the author of " Along New England Roads"; "From a New England Hillside: Notes from Underledge," by William Potts; "Broken Notes from a Gray Nunnery," by Julia Sherman Hallock"; and " Through Glade and Mead," by Joseph Jackson. Sketches of life, scenery, and character in Fairfield, Conn., were published by Frank S. Child as "An Old New England Town," and Mrs. Alice Morse Earle portrayed "Colonial Dames and Good Wives" in pleasing fashion. "The Fast and Thanksgiving Days of New England," as examined by Rev. William De Loss Love, Jr., presented a striking picture of the religious, social, and political life of the times, and also contained a unique calendar in tabular form of all these days actually observed from 1620 to 1815, running through 50 pages. "The Growth of the Idyls of the King" was traced by Prof. Richard Jones. "Francis Bacon and his Shakespeare," by Theron S E. Dixon, renews a controversy which is still further set forth in "The Plays of Shakespeare founded on Literary Forms," by Henry J. Ruggles, who presumes these forms to have been laid down by Bacon. Vols. IV and V appeared of "Sir Francis Bacon's Cipher Story," as discovered and deciphered by Orville W Owen, M. D., who published also "The Historical Tragedy of Mary, Queen of Scots" and "The Trag ical Historie of our Late Brother, Robert, Earl of Essex," both derived from the same source. Prof. Felix E. Schelling selected and edited "A Book of Elizabethan Lyrics," with an introduction, and 100 pages of notes; "Readings from the Old English Dramatists; with Notes," by Catherine Mary Reignolds Winslow, filled 2 volumes, and Prof. Morton W. Easton edited "Readings in Gower." "The Broken Heart" of John Ford was also edited, with notes, by Clinton Scollard. Prof. Albert S. Cook prepared "Exercises in Old English," based upon the prose texts of his "First Book in Old English." Elementary Greek Education," by Frederick H. Lane, outlined the aims, methods, and results of education in Greece prior to 404 B. C., and "Roman Life in Latin Prose and Verse" consisted of illustrative readings from Latin literature, compiled and edited by Harry Thurston Peck and Robert Arrowsmith. J. W. Mackail made a compact survey of " Latin Literature." "A Modern English-Greek Dictionary," by A. M. Jannaris, purported to be a concise dictionary of the English and modern Greek languages as actually written and spoken. H. A. Guerber published 3 works, "Stories of the Wagner Operas," "Myths of Northern Lands," narrated with special reference to literature and art, and "Legends of the Rhine"; M. A. B. Evans wrote of "Nymphs, Nixies, and Naiads"; while Charles Godfrey Leland gave "Legends of Florence." "Snow-Bird and the Water-Tiger, and Other American Indian Tales," told by Margaret Compton for young people, was illustrated with drawings by Walter Conant Greenough. "Bahama Songs and Stories," by Charles L. Edwards, formed Vol. III of "Memoirs of the American Folklore Society." Edwin Lawrence Godkin's Reflections and Comments, 1865"95" were collected from the files of the "Nation," in which they appeared during the period specified. "Select Conversations with an Uncle," by H. G. Wells, and "Cousin Anthony and I," by Edward Sanford Martin, discussed divers matters and various aspects of life, while Mary H. Perkins (Dorcas Hicks) looked at life in sunshine and shadow "From my Corner." Mary Davies Steele describes "A Happy Life," chiefly from an invalid's point of view; Henry Hardwicke explained "The Art of Living Long and Happily"; William M. Thayer proffered hints and helps for young men and women respectively in "Aim High" and Womanhood," and also treated of "Turning Points in Successful Careers." Edward W. Bok pointed young men "Successward." John

Bryan published Vol. I of“Fables and Essays," and A. Wallace" Popular Sayings dissected." "How to Win" was a book for girls by Frances E. Willard, with an introduction by Rose Elizabeth Cleveland, and Ruth Ashmore held "Side Talks with Girls." "About Men: What Women have said" was a compilation by Rose Porter. "Lite and Love" were discussed by Margaret Werner Morley, the author of "A Song of Life," with the same refinement of thought and style that characterized her previous work, while she addressed a maturer audience. In conclusion we have "Initial Studies in American Letters," by Henry A. Beers, originally published in 1887 as "An Outline Sketch of American Literature"; "Masterpieces of British Literature," with biographical sketches, notes, and portraits; "Southern Literature, from 1579 to 1895," by Louise Manley; "Children's Stories in American Literature, 1660-1860," by Henrietta Christian Wright; "American Literature," by Mildred Cabell Watkins, in the series of "Literature Primers"; "Specimens of Narration," chosen and edited by William T. Brewster in "English Readings"; "Outlines of German Literature," by Mrs. Mary Jefferson Teusler; "Modern German Literature," by Prof. Benjamin W. Wells; and "German Historical Prose," selected and edited, with notes, by Hermann Schoenfeld. A "Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers" was compiled by Josiah H. Gilbert, forming a cyclopædia of quotations from the literature of all ages, to which Dr. C. S. Robinson contributed an introduction. William I. Fletcher and R. R. Bowker prepared "The Annual Literary Index" for 1894, and the Book Lover's Almanac for the Year 1895" completed the third year of that publication. The handsomest addition, from a typographical standpoint, ever made to American bibliographical literature was the description of "The Library of Robert Hoe"-one of the most remarkable private libraries in the United States by O. A. Bierstadt, designed as a contribution to the history of bibliophilism in America, and illustrated with 110 artotype reproductions from manuscripts and books in the collection. A beautiful new Riverside edition of "The Works of John Burroughs was issued in 9 duodecimo volumes with several portraits of the lover of Nature and with en

graved title pages. A new birthday edition in 2

volumes was also made of Dr. Holmes's "Over the Teacups."

Humorous books, which may as well be included here as anywhere else, were "The Adventures of Jones," by Hayden Carruth; "Suppressed Chapters and Other Bookishness," by Robert Bridges (Droch); "The Idiot," "A House-Boat on the Styx," and "Mr. Bonaparte of Corsica," the last a burlesque life of Napoleon, by John Kendrick Bangs; "The Literary Shop, and Other Tales," by James L. Ford; "Aunt Belindy's Points of View and A Modern Mrs. Malaprop," by Lydia Hoyt Farmer; "Barby Coey's Philosophy," by William Fenimore Cooper (Barby Coey); and Edward Townsend's two "Chimmie Fadden books. "Billtry" was a parody on "Trilby," by Mrs. Mary Kyle Jallas, and "Drilby Reversed," a burlesque in verse of the same book, by Leopold Jordan. Education.-James Phinney Munroe traced an outline of the growth of "The Educational Idea" in modern times, William Noetling made "Notes on the Science and Art of Education," and Bishop J. L. Spalding considered the "Means and Ends of Education." "A Manual of Pedagogics," by Daniel Putnam," Psychology in Education," by Ruric N. Roark, and J. N. Patrick's "Elements of Pedagogics" relate rather to the theory of teaching, while the practical side was set forth in "The Philosophy of School Management," by Arnold Tompkins. A new edition, with special preface, was issued of "The Teacher and the Parent," by Charles Northend. Prof. Albert Bushnell Hart published "Studies in American Education," and Catherine Aiken suggested "Methods of Mind-Training, Concentrated Attention, and Memory." "Froebel's Gifts," by Kate Douglas Wiggin (now Mrs. George C. Riggs) and Nora Archibald

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Smith, was the first of a series of 3 volumes to be entitled "The Republic of Childhood," and from Florence Hull Winterburn we had a volume upon "Nursery Ethics." "The Evolution of the Massachusetts Public School System" was traced by George H. Martin in the "International Education Series," and "Herbart and the Herbartians," by Charles de Garmo, was added to the "Great Educators Series." William Howe Tolman added a "History of Higher Education in Rhode Island" to the "Contributions to American Educational History," issued by the United States Bureau of Education, which also published a History of Education in Maryland," by Bernard C. Steiner. "Four American Universities: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Columbia," were respectively described by Charles Eliot Norton, A. T. Hadley, W. M. Sloan, and Brander Matthews, and a "History of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1824-1894," was written by Palmer C. Ricketts. "A History of Amherst College during the Administrations of its First Five Presidents, from 1821 to 1891," by William S. Tyler, D. D., is at once an abridgement and a continuation of the "History of Amherst College during its First Half Century, 1821-1871," and had an introductory note by Dr. Richard Salter Storrs. A second edition was made of "How to teach Natural Science in Public Schools," by Hon. William T.Harris,in" School Bulletin Publications," and Frank Owen Payne found "One Hundred Lessons in Nature Study around my School." Isabella G. Oakley published "Simple Lessons in the Study of Nature for the Use of Pupils," and "Little Nature Stories for Little People" were adapted from the essays of John Burroughs and edited by Mary E. Burt. From James A. McLellan and John Dewey we had "The Psychology of Number and its Applications to Methods of Teaching Arithmetic "; from Gordon A. Southworth Book II of "The Essentials of Arithmetic, Oral and Written," for upper grades; from John Jackson "The Teaching of Handwriting"; from Spencer Trotter, M. D., "Lessons in the New Geography for Student and Teacher"; from Amos M. Kellogg "Forty Lessons in Clay Modeling ": from W. Bertha Hintz "Illustrative Blackboard Sketching"; and from Anson K. Cross"Free-hand Drawing," "Color Study," and "Mechanical Drawing," manuals for teachers and students. In collaboration with Amy Swain the same author also prepared an Outline of Drawing Lessons" for primary and for grammar grades. In the series of Eclectic School Readings" we have "Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans," and "Stories of American Life and Adventure," by Edward Eggleston, while "The Story of Patriots' Day, Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775," by George J. Varney, shows how the anniversary may be commemorated by schools. "Arbor Day and Aids for its Proper Observance by the Schools of Wisconsin" was issued by the Department of Public Instruction of that State. Charles H. Levermore and Frederick Reddall compiled "The Academy SongBook," for use in schools and colleges, Edward S. Ellis edited "The Youth's Classical Dictionary for Boys and Girls," and "The Schoolmaster in Comedy and Satire" was arranged and edited as a companion volume to "The Schoolmaster in Literature."

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Fiction.-Ten hundred and fifty new books of fiction were recorded in 1895 against 573 in 1894, and but 64 new editions against 156 the preceding year. F. Marion Crawford continued the story of "Katharine Lauderdale" in 2 volumes devoted to "The Ralstons," and then returned to his more congenial Italy for the setting of the powerful story of "Casa Braccio," which was also issued in 2 volumes and illustrated by A. Castaigne. Richard Harding Davis told a sweet and satisfactory love story in "The Princess Aline." Frank R. Stockton was hardly at his best in relating "The Adventures of Captain Horn," but his admirers were delighted with "A Chosen Few" of his best short stories collected into a volume, which contained an etched portrait of the author. Many well-known authors were represented only by vol

umes of short stories. Henry James published "Terminations"; Henry Harland (Sidney Luska) entitled his "Gray Roses"; F. Hopkinson Smith portrayed "A Gentleman Vagabond and Some Others"; Constance Fenimore Woolson was sadly recalled by "The Front Yard, and Other Italian Stories" and Dorothy, and Other Italian Stories"; Charles Egbert Craddock (Mary N. Murfree) published 2 volumes, "The Phantoms of the Footbridge, and Other Stories" and "The Mystery of Witchface Mountain, and Other Stories "; and Kate Douglas Wiggin gave the title of "The Village Watch Tower" to 6 tales. Maria Louise Pool contrasted the opposing temperaments of our widely separated sections of country in her novel, "Against Human Nature," and Eliza Orne White produced a strong story in "The Coming of Theodora." "The Life of Nancy," as told by Sarah Orne Jewett, was at once pathetic and hopeful, while from Mrs. Constance Cary Harrison (Mrs. Burton Harrison) we had "An Errant Wooing" under varied skies. "With the Procession" was another novel of Chicago life by Henry B. Fuller (Stanton Page), who apparently succeeds as well in his realistic vein as in his ideal and romantic one. From Brete Harte came "Clarence" and "In a Hollow of the Hills," and Capt. Charles King told "The Story of Fort Frayne," publishing also "Captain Close and Sergeant Croesus," 2 stories in 1 volume, and "Trooper Ross," with which was also bound "Signal Butte." He also edited "Captain Dreams, and Other Stories." "A Madeira Party," by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, was the title given to a volume of 2 short stories which show he has lost none of his power, and "Philip Vernon," also from his pen, proved to be a tale in prose and verse of the days of Elizabeth and the Spanish Armada. "Mr. Rabbit at Home" was intended as a sequel to "Little Mr. Thimblefinger and his Queer Country," by Joel Chandler Harris, whose "Uncle Remus" went through a new and revised edition during the year. "A Singular Life" was outlined by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps (Mrs. Herbert D. Ward), and "A Dash to the Pole" was made by her husband in a wildly imaginative flight in an air ship. "The Wise Woman" was the title of Mrs. Clara Louise Burnham's helpful novel, and Rose Porter made a charming picture of " My Son's Wife." "Bernicia," the only contribution of Mrs. Amelia E. Barr, was an English story of the close of the eighteenth century. "On the Point" was a summer idyl by Nathan Haskell Dole; Hezekiah Butterworth related the romance of a colonial fireside "In Old New England"; and Dr. Charles Courad Abbott described "A Colonial Wooing." Mary Catherine Lee, the author of "A Quaker Girl of Nantucket," was equally successful with "A Soulless Singer"; Mary Hallock Foote was welcomed once more with "The Cup of Trembling, and Other Stories": "The Sister of à Saint, and Other Stories," by Grace Ellery Channing, appeared in the "Carnation Series "; and Julien Gordon (Mrs. Julia Van Rensselaer Cruger) told of "A Wedding, and Other Stories." Amanda M. Douglas sent out 3 books, "Sherburne Cousins," "A Sherburne Romance," and "In Wild Rose Time. The vexed problem of capital and labor formed the theme of an entirely new writer, Helen Choate Prince, a granddaughter of Rufus Choate, in "The Story of Christine Rochefort," the scene of which is laid in Blois in our own times. The book preserves throughout not alone its interest, but the elevated tone which is its most attractive characteristic. "The Doctor, his Wife, and the Clock" and "Doctor Izard" belonged to Anna Katharine Green (Mrs. Charles Rohlfs). A local flavor attaches to "Miss CherryBlossom of Tôkyô," by John Luther Long, and "The Panglima Muda," a romance of Malaya, by Rounseville Wildman. "The Princess Sonia," by Julia Magruder, was a pretty romance of the Latin quarter. "Notes of a Professional Exile," by E. S. Nadal, analyze the character and foibles of the American woman abroad. "In the Land of the Sunrise" was he story of a Japanese family and the wonderful

land they live in, written by Robert N. Barrett with the object of awakening interest in missionary labor, while "The Land of the Sun (Vistas Mexicanas)," by Christian Reid (Mrs. Frances C. Fisher Tiernan), under the form of a story, gives a vivid impression of travels in that republic. "Wild Rose," by Francis Francis, was a tale of the Mexican frontier, and "Mercedes: A Story of Mexico," by Sarah Hale, inveighed strongly against the methods of the Catholic Church in that country, and "Through Forest and Piain: A Tale of Flowers and Filibusters," by Ashmore Russan and Frederick Boyle, and "Under the Lone Star," a story of the revolution in Nicaragua, by Herbert Hayens, are akin in themeviz., the expedition of William Walker. "Sinners Twain" and "The Devil's Playground," by John Mackie, were romances of the Canadian north west, and, returning to our own country, we have "Lisbeth Wilson: A Daughter of New Hampshire Hills," by Mrs. Eliza Nelson Blair, the wife of Senator W. H. Blair, who appears for the first time in the literary world with this sweet and simple story. From Alice Brown we have "Meadow Grass," 5 tales of New England life; from Dane Conyngham, "Eunice Quince," a New England romance; from Henrietta G. Rowe, "Queens-Hithe," quaintly named from an old English custom; from Christopher Craigie, "An Old Man's Romance"; from William Whittemore Tufts, "A Market for an Impulse"; from Francis H. Underwood, "Doctor Gray's Quest"; from Emory J. Haynes, "A Farmhouse Cobweb," a tale of rural life in Vermont in the war time; from Augusta Campbell Watson, "Off Lynnport Light"; from Anne Kendrick Benedict, "An Island Story "; and from George Wharton Edwards, "The Rivalries of Long and Short Codiac," 10 short stories of the coast of Maine, illustrated by himself. "The Keys of Fate," by Herman Shores, also has its scene laid in New England, and deals with current questions of reform. "Four Girls at Cottage City" had their adventures narrated by Emma D. Kelley Hawkins, and Bliss Perry described a Connecticut town as "The Plated City." "Doctor Hathern's Daughters" was a story of Virginia by Mrs. Mary J. Holmes; 66 A Girl's Life in Virginia before the War," by Letitia M. Burwell, was illustrated by W. A. McCullough and Jules Turcas; and "Christmas Week at Bigler's Mill" was, according to Dora E. W. Spratt, a sketch in black and white James Lane Allen published "Aftermath," Part II of "A Kentucky Cardinal," and Young Greer of Kentucky" was the title of a novel by Eleanor T. Kinkead. "The Heart of Old Hickory, and Other Stories of Tennessee," by Miss Will Allen Dromgoole, had a preface by B. O. Flower, and "A Little Sister to the Wilderness," by Lilian Bell, told of life among the poor whites of West Tennessee. Opie P. Read (Arkansas Traveler) located a romance On the Suwanee River," and North Carolina was the scene of "Jack O'Doon," by Maria Beale, as Texas in the war time was that of" Under the Man-Fig," by Mrs. M. E. M. Davis. "Mammy Mystic," by M. G. McClelland, and "Beatrice of Bayou Têche," by Alice Ilgenfritz, have for motif the existence of African blood in their respective heroines, and the race problem of the South is discussed in "The Sons of Ham," by Louis Pendleton, who published also "Corona of the Nantahalas." "The Hand of Fate" was a romance of the navy, by Kate Lilly Blue, and rural life in Arkansas formed the background of "Beholding as in a Glass," by Mrs. Virginia D. Young. "Stories of the Foothills" of Southern California, by Mrs. Margaret Collier Graham, were collected into a volume, and the same country is the scene of "Go Forth and Find," by Thomas H. Brainerd. "Cension: A Sketch from Paso del Norte," by Maude Mason Austin, appeared in " Harper's Little Novels," and Louis B. France led his readers with interest "Over the Old Trail" to a Colorado mining camp. "The Company Doctor," by Henry E. Rood, pointed out the dangers resulting on unrestricted emigration as exemplified in the coal

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regions of Pennsylvania, which are the scene also of "On a False Charge," by Seward W. Hopkins; and Beveridge Hill made a plea for free silver in Story of a Cañon." Demonetization of silver and its alleged attendant evils were the theme of "A Tale of Two Nations," by William H. Harvey. Eugene F. Baldwin and Maurice Eisenberg wrote " Doctor Carallo," in the interest of toleration for the Jews. Lady Olivia," by W. C. Falkner, carries the reader back to days before the Revolution; H. C. Chatfield Taylor published "Two Women and a Fool." New York life is portrayed in "The Manhattaneers," by Edward S. Van Zile; "His Father's Son," by James Brander Matthews; and "Dolly Dillenbeck," by James L. Ford, who was also the author of "Bohemia Invaded, and Other Stories." Historical works of fiction were: "The Story of the Other Wise Man," by Henry Van Dyke; "Hadassah; or, Esther, Queen to Ahashuerus," by Mrs. T. F. Black, in the "Golden Rod Edition," and "Dervorgilla; or, The Downfall of Ireland," by Anna C. Scanlan, completed and revised by Charles M. Scanlan. "In Defiance of the King" was a successful romance of the American Revolution by Chauncey C. Hotchkiss; "The Head of a Hundred," by Maude Wilder Goodwin, the author of "The Colonial Cavalier," contained an account of certain passages in the life of Humphrey Huntoon, "sometyme an officer in the Colony of Virginia," and " Daughters of the Revolution and their Times, 1769-1776," was yet another historical romance, by Charles Carleton Coffin. An episode of the civil war was chosen by Stephen Crane for the theme of his spirited novel “ The Red Badge of Courage," and two other war stories were "Jack Alden: A Story of Adventure in the Virginia Campaigns, '61-65," by Warren Lee Goss, and "Under the War Flags of 1861," a romance of the South, by William Lowndes Pickard. Joan of Arc formed the theme of "The Shield of the Fleur de Lis," by Constance Goddard Du Bois, who published also "A Modern Pagan." Other stories with a French setting were: "The Friend of the People," by Mary C. Roswell, a tale of the reign of terror; "Idwymon," a story of Napoleonic complications, Orleans and Bourbonic entanglements, by Frederick A. Randle; and "Courtship by Command," a story of Napoleon at play, by M. M. Blake. "The American in Paris," was a biographical novel of the Franco-Prussian War, the siege and the Commune of Paris, from an American standpoint, by Eugene Coleman Savidge, and yet again we have "The Red Republic: A Romance of the Commune," by Robert W. Chambers. "Doty Dontcare," a story of the garden of the Antilles, by Mary Farrington Foster, had an introduction by Prof. Elliott Coues. From Archibald Clavering Gunter we had two books, "The First of the English " and "The Ladies' Juggernaut "; J. A. Mitchell chose an unusual theme for his first novel, "Amos Judd," and two novels with a foreign setting were "A Norse Idyl," by Calvan Gale Horne, and "Diplomatic Disenchantment," by Mrs. Edith Bigelow. Carlisle B. Holding described "An Odd Fellow," as Julian Starr did "The Disagreeable Woman," and Frances E. Russell "A Quaint Spinster." "The Veiled Doctor" was the title of a strong, if gruesome, story by Varina Anne Jefferson Davis, a daughter of the late President of the Confederate States. Music was the theme of "Miss Träumerei: A Weimar Idyl," by Albert Morris Bagby, and "The Minor Chord," a story of a prima donna, by J. Mitchell Chapple. Mrs. Reginald de Koven wrote "A Sawdust Doll"; C. E. Francis, "Every Day's News"; Clement Wilkes, "Sidney Forrester"; Mrs. Katharine S. Macquoid, "Berris"; Mary Harriott Norris, "Lakewood"; Mrs. Julia Colliton Flewellyn, "Hill-Crest": Mrs. Evelyn H. Raymond, "The Mushroom Cave"; George Herbert Bartlett," Water Tramps; or, The Cruise of the Seabird"; Mrs. Lida Ostrom Venamee. "Two Women; or, Over the Hills and Far Away"; and Amy E. Blanchard, "Girls Together." "The Master Knot, and Another Story," by Conover Duff, appeared in

a romance of

the "Buckram Series"; and Jean Forsyth, told of "The Making of Mary." Jessie Van Zile Belden met "Fate at the Door," and Ethel Davis found something left after all "When Love is done." Blanche Fearing told the story of "Roberta." "The Lady and her Tree," by Charles Stokes Wayne, was professedly a story of society; as was "Franc Elliott: A Story of Society and Bohemia," by Clarence H. New. H. S. Wells described "The Time Machine: An Invention." "The Young Reporter: A Story of Printing-House Square," by William Drysdale, came out in the "Brain and Brawn Series "; Mabel Henshaw Ward published "The Diary of an Old Maid," Francis Tillou Buck settled the affairs of "A Man of Two Minds," and "Miss Jerry," by Alexander Black, proved interesting as expanded from a reading into a novel. "His Way and Hers," by W. A. Robinson; "Three-and-Twenty," by Mrs. Nathaniel Conklin (Jennie M. Drinkwater); "The House of Hollister," by Fanny E. Newberry; and "Almost a Genius," by Adelaide L. Rouse, were all helpful in tone. Elizabeth Knight Tompkins attempted the social problems in "Her Majesty," to-day. William H. Bishop solved the labor question to his satisfaction in "The Garden of Eden, U. S. A.," and a strike is described with effect in "Men Born Equal," by Harry Perry Robinson. "An Experiment in Altruism" was by Elizabeth Hastings (Margaret Pollock Sherwood). "A Street in Suburbia," by Edwin W. Pugh, "The Human Drift," by King C. Gillette, and Altruria," by Titus K. Smith, deal also with social questions, and "A Modern Despotism," by Marcus Peterson, claimed to be a true story of American political life in 1893. "A Daughter of the Tenements," by Edward W. Townsend, the successful author of "Chimmie Fadden," was illustrated by E. W. Kemble, and from Alvan Francis Sanborn we had "Moody's Lodging-House and Other Tenement Sketches." "Doctor Judas," by William Rosser Cobbe, was intended as a portrayal of the opium habit, and "A Voice in the Wilderness," by Maria Weed, also protested against it. "At Last," by Mrs. Maria E. Lauder, was written from the W. C. T. U. standpoint. Frances Campbell Sparhawk again made a plea for the Indian in "Senator Intrigue and Inspector Noseby: A Tale of Spoils." "A Minister of the World," by Caroline Atwater Mason, "A Great Appointment," by Myra Goodwin Plantz, "The Rev. John Henry," by Percival R. Benson, and "One Woman's Story," by Ellen A. Lutz, were religious in tone; "What I told Dorcas," by Mary E. Ireland, was intended for mission workers; and "Zeinab, the Panjabi," by E. M. Wherry, D. D., claimed to be founded on facts. "Etchings from a Parsonage Veranda" we owe to Mrs. E. Jeffers Graham. "The Fisherman's Daughter," by Anne Kendrick Benedict, "Five Stars in a Little Pool," by Edith Carrington, and "A Waif-A Prince," by Rev. W. T. Andrews, were written with a motive, as was also "After which all Things," by George W. Warder. Among books written for amusement merely, and with no attempt at edification, are to be mentioned "Patricia," a sequel to "Two Bad Brown Eyes," by Marie St. Felix; "The Rise of Mrs. Simpson," by Robert Appleton (Roman I. Zubof); "A Title Rejected," by Octavia Clouston; A Modern Pharisee," by Edward De Brosé; "Sarah Martha in Paris," by Saidee Bourgoin; "Campaigns of Curiosity," an account of the journalistic adventures of an American girl in London, by Elizabeth L. Banks: "Paul St. Paul," by Ruby Beryl Kyle; "The Last of the Danvers," by Edward Lyman Bill; and Albert Ross's two books, "Out of Wedlock" and "A Black Adonis." Richard Henry Savage was prolific as ever, publishing "Miss Devereux of the Mariquita," a story of bonanza days in Nevada; "A Daughter of Judas," a fin de siècle tale of New York city life; and "In the Old Chateau," a story of Russian Poland. Hallie Erminie Rives, a cousin of Amélie Rives, contributed "A Fool in Spots." "The Strange Disappearance of Eugene Comstock," by Mrs. Mary R. P. Hatch, and

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liams;

Volumes of short stories not previously mentioned were: "Foam of the Sea, and Other Stories," by Gertrude Hall: "A Mad Madonna, and Other Stories," by L. Clarkson Whitelock; "Yarns," by Alice Turner; "Old Man Savarin, and Other Stories," by Edward W. Thompson; "The Old Settler, the Squire, and Little Peleg," by Edward Mott; "Bunch-Grass Stories," by Mrs. Lindon W. Bates: "College Girls," by Abbe Carter Goodloe; "The Nimble Dollar; with Other Stories," by Charles Miner Thompson; "Tales of an Engineer," with rhymes of the road, by Cyrus Warman; "A Man without a Memory, and Other Stories," by W. H. Shelton; "Tenement Tales of New York," by J. W. Sullivan; "People we Pass," life among the masses of New York city, by Julian Ralph; Princeton Stories," by Jesse Lynch Wil"Yale Yarns," by John Seymour Wood; "A Cumberland Vendetta, and Other Stories," by J. Fox, Jr.; "Aunt Billy, and Other Sketches," by Alyn Yates Keith (Mrs. Eugenia L. Morris), the author of "A Hilltop Summer"; "Hippolite and Golden-Beak: Two Stories," by George Bassett, in the series of" Harper's American Story-Tellers" "An Accidental Romance," by William Sidney Rossiter; "The Bachelor's Christmas, and Other Stories," by Robert Grant; "Red Men and White," by Owen Wister; "A Truce, aud Other Stories," by Mrs. Mary Tappan Wright; "The Face and the Mask," by Robert Barr; "Kitwyk Stories," of Holland, by Anna Eichberg King; "Me an' Methuselar, and Other Episodes," by Harriet Ford; Legends of Fire Island Beach and the South Side," by Edward R. Shaw; and "From Dixie to Canada," romances and realities of the underground railroad, by H. U. Johnson. An edition of Cooper's novels, known as the "Mohawk Edition," was published during the year, in 32 volumes; and Thomas Nelson Page's" Unc' Edinburg" was made into a holiday volume, uniform with "Marse Chan" and "Meh Lady," and illustrated by B. W. Clinedinst. William McCrillis Griswold published "A Descriptive List of Novels and Tales dealing with the History of North America"; Part I of a similar volume covering ancient history; "A Descriptive List of Books for the Young;" and a new enlarged edition of " A Descriptive List of International Novels."

Fine Arts. In summing up the literature of art for the year we find fundamentals treated in "Esthetic Principles," by Henry Rutgers Marshall, the author of "Pain, Pleasure, and Esthetics"; George Lansing Raymond considered "Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture as Representative Arts" in a profusely illustrated volume, which he termed in subtitle an essay

in comparative aesthetics, and which follows out the principles laid down in "Art and Theory," published by him last year, as applied to the arts of sight. Two other essays on "Rhythm and Harmony in Poetry and Music" and "Music as a Representative Art," also from his pen, were bound in one volume. John La Farge published lectures given by him at the Metropolitan Museum of New York, under the title of "Lectures on Art, Considerations on Painting"; and John C. Van Dyke was an authority upon "Old Dutch and Flemish Masters," the engravings of which (30 in number) were the work of Timothy Cole, from the original paintings, and were collected from the "Century Magazine," in which they have appeared during the last three years. The book was intended as a companion volume to "Old Italian Masters." Frank Preston Stearns treated of "The Midsummer of Italian Art," and William Ordway Partridge of the "Technique of Sculpture." "A Cyclopædia of Architecture in Italy, Greece, and the Levant," edited by William P. Longfellow, was a sumptuous quarto, abounding in illustrations, which represented the labor of years in preparation, and was issued in uniform style with the Cyclopædia of Painters and Painting" and "Cyclopædia of Music and Musicians." William Winter brought out a third series of "Shadows of the Stage," and Charles E. L. Wingate dealt with "Shakespeare's Heroines on the Stage." S. S. Curry published Course I of "Lessons in Vocal Expression," given to "Principles of Thinking in the Modulation of the Voice." John H. Rosewald compiled "The Musician's Leisure Hour," full of facts and fancies of interest to the music lover, and Margaret Reintzel arranged "The Musician's Yearbook." Anna Siedenburg gave instruction in the different kinds of "Glass Painting," and Mrs. Flora E. Haines published "A Keramic Study" of half a dozen dinner plates. Aimée Osborne Moore made "Studies in the Science of Drawing in Art." James Brander Matthews contributed "Bookbinding, Old and New: Notes of a Book Lover" to the "Ex-Libris Series." Foremost among illustrated works is to be mentioned "The Abbey Shakespeare," or, more properly, "The Comedies of Shakespeare," in 4 volumes, containing 131 full-page photogravure reproductions of drawings by Edwin A. Abbey; and from another publisher we had reproductions of "The Quest of the Holy Grail," a series of paintings done by the same artist for the decoration of the delivery room in the Boston Free Public Library, with descriptive text. Gilbert White's "Natural History of Selborne" was brought out in a handsome holiday form in 2 volumes, illustrated by Clifton Johnson, and furnished with an introduction by John Burroughs, who, with the artist, visited the quaint little Hampshire village in order that the part of each might be performed satisfactorily. Another beautiful book of American manufacture was Edmund H. Garrett's "Victorian Songs," a companion volume to his "Elizabethan Songs." Joseph Jefferson's 'Rip Van Winkle'" was illustrated with drawings and photogravures; 5 from paintings of the actor himself; and yet other gift books were "Dames of High Degree," by Thomson Willing, portraits of beautiful women by old English masters; 66 A Cluster of Gems," selections of poems, edited by Volney Streamer, with facsimiles of water-color paintings by Ellen G. Emmet: "Facsimiles of Water Colors," by W. Granville Smith; and "Fair Women of To-day," previously unpublished poems by Samuel Minturn Peck, illustrated with facsimiles of paintings in water color by Caroline C. Lovell. Irving's Tales of a Traveler" were issued in 2 volumes of the "Buckthorne Edition," uniform with "The Alhambra " and "Sketch Book." Frederick Remington furnished 22 full-page illustrations for "The Song of Hiawatha," and Mrs. Jane G. Austin's "Standish of Standish" received artistic treatment at the hands of F. T. Merrill. Scott's "Rob Roy," "The Betrothed," and "The Talisman," and De Amicis's "Spain and the Spaniards" were made into superb volumes.