in Field," by Hugh Haliburton (J. Logic Robertson), was a volume of essays on the life, language, and literature of old Scotland. Marian Roalfe Cox wrote "An Introduction to Folklore"; F. Edward Hulme, "Natural History Lore and Legend"; W. H. Mallook made "Studies of Contemporary Superstition"; F. T. Elworthy devoted 2 volumes to "The Evil Eye"; P. H. Ditchfield added "Books Fatal to their Authors" to the "Book-lovers' Library "; and T. F. Thiselton Dyer collected "Strange Pages from Family Papers." "Ancient and Holy Wells of Cornwall" were described by M. and L. Quiller-Couch, and "Curious Church Customs and Cognate Subjects" were edited by William Andrews. The Wonderful Wapentake" was the theme of J. S. Fletcher, "A Son of the Soil." "A Descriptive Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Fitz-William Museum" was prepared by Montague Rhodes James, and the first series was issued of Facsimiles of Royal, Historical, Literary, and other Autographs in the Department of Manuscripts, British Museum." Vols. IV, V, and VI completed Prof. Walter W. Skeat's monumental edition of "The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer"; from William S. Sonnenschein came "A Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literature," being the first supplement to "The Best Books," and Vols. III and IV of " English Prose Selections" were published. Vol. I of "A Literary History of the English People" were welcomed from J. J. Jusserand, who also contributed "English Essays from a French Pen." "The Troubadours and Courts of Love," by John F. Rowbotham, appeared in the "Social England Series."

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Fiotion.-Several distinguished writers of fiction sent out novels which attracted much attention and comment, though none scored such a success as "Trilby" did the year previous. George Meredith published "The Amazing Marriage" and a volume containing three short stories, The Tale of Chloe," "The House on the Beach," and "The Case of General Ople and Lady Camper." "Jude the Obscure," by Thomas Hardy, gave rise to much adverse criticism, although admitted a work of genius: "The Wood beyond the World" was another of William Morris's prose poems; Mrs. Humphrey Ward told "The Story of Bessie Costrell," while "The Days of Auld Lang Syne," by Ian Maclaren (Rev. John Maclaren Watson), kept up the acquaintance made with Drumtochty folk in "Beside the Bonnie Brier Bush." "Strangers at Lisconnel" was the title of a second series of "Irish Idyls," by Jane Barlow, who published also "Maureen's Fairing." Israel Zangwill, the author of "The Children of the Ghetto," won commendation by his story of "The Master," and Rudyard Kipling delighted old and young readers with "The Second Jungle Book." Sir Walter Besant wrote "Beyond the Dreams of Avarice" and "In Deacon's Orders, and Other Stories"; "When Valmond came to Pontiac" was a story of a lost Napoleon vividly told by Gilbert Parker, while Stanley J. Weyman was represented by two stirring French stories, "The Red Cockade" and "From the Memoirs of a Minister of France," and by the "King's Stratagem, and Other Stories"; W. Clark Russell, by "The Good Ship Mohock," "The Convict Ship," "Heart of Oak" and "The Phantom Death, and Other Stories"; George Moore, the author of " Esther Waters," made three studies of" Celibates" included in one volume; and a new writer of marked ability, Frances Frederica Montrésor, published "Into the Highways and Hedges" and "The One who looked on. Robert Buchanan wrote "Lady Kilpatrick " and "Diana's Hunting" and Douglas Sladen "A Japanese Marriage," "Tween Gloamin' and the Mirk" was, as its name betokens, a collection of Scotch stories, by Sir Hugh Gilzean Read, and "Sunshine and Hoar," by Gabriel Setoun, gave some further glimpses of life at Barncraig. Joseph Hocking pronounced "All Men are Liars"; Lily Dougall added to the reputation gained by her "Beggars All," sending out "The Mermaid," "The Zeit-Geist,"

and "A Question of Faith"; S. R. Crockett showed he had lost none of his power in "Men of the MossHags," "A Galloway Herd," and "Bog-Myrtle and Peat"; and "Slain by the Doones, and Other Stories" suggest, of course, R. D. Blackmore. "My Lady Nobody came from Maarten Maartens (J. M. W. van der P. Schwartz); "Billy Bellew," from W. E. Norris; "The Martyred Fool," from David Christie Murray; "Noémi," from Sabine BaringGould; "A Woman of Impulse" and a "London Legend," from Justin H. McCarthy; and "The King of Andaman," from J. Maclaren Cobban. Mrs. Oliphant was prolific as ever, writing the "Story of a Governess" and that of "Two Strangers": "The Way of a Maid" was described by Mrs. Katharine Tynan Hinkson; and Sara Jeannette Duncan (Mrs. Everard Cotes) was particularly happy in her two tales of Indian life," Vernon's Aunt" and "The Story of Sonny Sahib." "The Chronicles of Count Antonio" and "A Man of Mark," by Anthony Hope (A. H. Hawkins), "The Sowers," by Henry Seton Merriman," An Arranged Marriage," by Dorothea Gerard, "The Impregnable City" and "The Little Huguenot," by Max Pemberton, "The Heart of Life," by W. H. Mallock, "Out of Due Season" and "The Mistress of Quest," by Adeline Sergeant, and "Fidelis," by Ada Cambridge, found readers, as did "Mrs. Musgrave-and Her Husband," by Richard Mursh; "In the Smoke of War" and Tryphena in Love," by Walter Raymond: "Not Counting the Cost," by Tasma (Mrs. Jessie Couvreur): The Vengeance of James Vansittart," by Mrs. J. Hodder Needell; "Red Rowaus," by Mrs. Flora Annie Steele; and Frank Frankfort Moore's 5 books, "The Sale of a Soul," "They call it Love," "The Secret of the Court."" One Fair Daughter," and "Two In the Bush and Others Elsewhere." "When Charles I was King" was a romance of Osgoldcross, 16321649, by J. S. Fletcher, and "In Taunton Town," a story of the rebellion of Monmouth, by Evelyn Everett Green. The Watter's Mou," by Bram Stoker; "A Son of Hagar," by Hall Caine; "The Honour of Savelli," by S. Levett Yeats; "la: A Love Story," by Thomas Quiller Couch (Q); "Lyre and Lancet," by F. Anstey Guthrie; "The Crooked Stick," by Rolf Boldrewood; "The White Prior" and "The Gates of Dawn," by Fergus Hume; and "A Daughter of the Soil," by M. E. Francis, deserve mention, as do "Tom Chester's Sweetheart" and "The Banishment of Jessop Blythe," by Joseph Hatton; "At the First Corner," by H. B. Marriott Watson; Scylla or Charybdis," by Rhoda Broughton; "In Market Overt," by James Payn; "In the Year of Jubileo" and "Eve's Ransom," by George Gissing; and "A Deal with the Devil," by Eden Phillpotts. "The Sorrows of Satan" were detailed by Marie Corelli (a daughter of Charles Mackay), whose previous works have given her a wide reputation. John Strange Winter (Mrs. H. E. V. Stannard) outlined "A Magnificent Young Man," while the "new woman figured as the heroine of more than one novel, the titles of which are sufficiently sugges tive in many cases. Grant Allen outraged all conventional ideas of morality in "The Woman who did" and "British Barbarians"; Violet Hunt por trayed "A Hard Woman"; "The Curse of Intellect " came from an anonymous pen; while the author of "A Superfluous Woman" published "Transition." Mrs. Eliza Lynn Linton was the author of "The New Woman"; Annie E. Holdsworth, of" The Years that the Locust hath eaten "; Menie Muriel Dowie (Mrs. Henry Norman), of "Gallia"; Mary L. Pendered, of "A Pastoral played out" and "Dust and Laurels." John Oliver Hobbes (Mrs. Craigie) wrote of "The Gods, Some Mortals, and Lord Wickenham "; Guy Boothby, of "The Marriage of Esther," "A Lost Endeavor," and "A Bid for Fortune," the scene of all 3 books being laid in Australia; while "A Gender in Satin," by Rita (Mrs. E. M. J. G. Humphreys) and "A Comedy in Spasm," by Iota (Mrs. Mannington Caffyn), may be classed together. "Mrs. Tregaskiss "

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came from Mrs. Campbell-Praed, and "The New Moon" from C. E. Raimond. H. D. Lowry dealt with "Woman's Tragedies"; G. S. Street supplied Episodes" and also wrote "The Autobiography of a Boy": Frederick Wedmore told "English Episodes"; and W. J. Dawson "London Idyls." Hubert Crackanthorpe made "Sentimental Studies "; Mrs. J. Gladwyn Jebb described "Some Unconventional People"; and W. C. Scully told "Kafir Stories," as Arthur Morrison did "Tales of Mean Streets." "Neighbors of Ours " was the title of slum stories of London, by Henry W. Nevinson. "The Girl from. the Farm was a strong story with a purpose by Gertrude Dix. "Lilith" was the only novel from the pen of George Macdonald, wildly fantastic, but full of poetry and reflection. John Davidson gave "A Full and True Account of the Wonderful Mission of Earl Lavender." H. Rider Haggard made a new departure in "Joan Haste," but returned to the marvelous in "The Heart of the World." A. Conan Doyle followed his "Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes" with "The Stark Munro Letters," somewhat in the same vein, and also solved "The Mystery of Cloomber." "Jacob Niemand" was by R. H. Sherard; "The Burden of a Woman," by Richard Pryce; "Elizabeth's Pretenders," by Hamilton Aïdé: " Red Earth," by Morley Roberts; "The Prince of Balkistan," by Allen Upward; "The Herons," by Miss Helen Shipton: "L Colonel Norton," by Florence Montgomery; "The Drift of Fate" and "The Other Bond," by Dora Russell; "Susannah," by Mary E. Mann; "Monochromes," by Ella d'Arcy; "The Moving Finger," by "Mary Gaunt": "Sons of Fire," by Miss M. E. Braddon: "Corruption," by Percy White, the author of "Mr. Bailey-Martin; and "When Fortune Frowns," by Mrs. Henry Jenner. "A Monk of Fife," by Andrew Lang, purported to be a romance ofthedays of Jeanne d'Arc, done into English from the manuscript in the Scots College of Ratisbon, and to historical romance belong "The Coming of Cuculain," by Standish O'Grady, and "A Duke of Britain," by Sir Herbert Maxwell. Frank Barrett told of the adventures of "A Set of Rogues"; Florence Warden (Mrs. George E. James) wrote " Kitty's Engagement"; John Strange Winter (Mrs. H. E. V. Stannard), "A Blameless Woman" and "The Major's Favorite"; and The Duchess (Mrs. Margaret Hungerford) "The Three Graces," "The Professor's Experiment," "A Tug of War," and "Molly Darling, and Other Stories." "Sons of Belial" came from William Westall; George Paston made "A Study in Prejudices" under the guise of fiction; and Victoria Crosse wrote of "The Woman who did not." Rosa Nouchette Carey wrote for young people only, sending out "Cousin Mona," a story for girls, and " My Little Boy Blue," and to Mary Stuart Wortley, Countess of Lovelace, the juveniles were indebted for "The Story of Zelinda and the Monster," or "Beauty and the Beast" retold after the old Italian version, and "done into pictures." "The Old Missionary," by Sir William W. Hunter, gave a vivid picture of life in India. For boys George A. Henty wrote "A Knight of the White Cross," "Through Russian Snows, and "The Tiger of Mysore"; and William Gordon Stables, M. D., "For Life and Liberty" and "How Jack Mackenzie won his Epaulettes." "The Joneses and the Asterisks" was a story in monologue, by Gerald Campbell, and "Dialogues and Scenes from the Novels of Jane Austen" were arranged and adapted for drawing-room performance by Rosina Filippi (Mrs. Dowson). A 12-volume edition of The Novels of Tobias Smollett " edited by George Saintsbury, and S. R. Crockett contributed an introduction to a new 8-volume edition of the novels of John Galt, edited by D. Storrar Meldrum, of which 4 were issued during the year, containing "The Annals of the Parish," The Ayrshire Legatees," and "Sir Andrew Wylie." The Novels of Adventure by Charles Lever" were contained in finely illustrated volumes, uniform with his military novels, and a reprint of the " Waverley

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Novels" from the edition of 1829 was begun in 48 volumes.

Fine Arts. "The Cathedrals of England and Wales" were the subject of a handsome volume in the "Builder Series," the first collection ever published of pluns of English cathedrals drawn to a large scale and thoroughly trustworthy, each plan being accompanied with a descriptive, critical, and historical account of each building from the pen of an architect or competent antiquary. "The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople," by W. R. Lethaby and Harold Swainson, was an important contribution to the history of Byzantine art, and "The Moghul Architecture of Fathpur-Sikri," long the delight of artists and architects, was also described and illustrated by Edmund W. Smith. Thomas Harris, in "Three Periods of English Architecture," made an appeal for the introduction of a new architecture based upon iron construction, and H. Heathcote Statham wrote a short treatise on "Architecture for General Readers." Richard G. Hatton offered hints for the student and designer upon the treatment of the human figure in " Figure Drawing and Composition." R. Muther published Vol. I of a "History of Modern Painting"; new_illustrated editions were made of "Painting in France," "Contemporary French Painters," and "Imagination in Landscape Painting," by Philip Gilbert Hamerton, and of "Mrs. Jameson's Works on Art," the latter edited by Miss Estelle M. Hurll, finely printed from new plates, and with nearly 100 illustrations to each volume. R. A. M. Stevenson offered a critical study of "The Art of Velasquez," accompanied with 20 photogravure plates and an appendix of about 50 full-page illustrations; F. G. Stephens edited "Selected Works of L. AlmaTadema " and contributed a prefatory essay to "Sir Frederick Leighton, Bart., P. R. A," by Ernest Rhys. Frederick Wedmore wrote on "Etching in England' and added an essay to the fine volume of reproductions of "Rembrandt." Karl Karoly offered "A Guide to the Paintings of Venice." "Modern Book Illustration," by Joseph Pennell, was one of the issues of the "Ex-Libris Series," other volumes in which were "Picture Posters," by Charles Hiatt, and Part III of "Dated Book-Plates," by Walter Hamilton, covering those from 1800 to 1895. In this connection may be mentioned also "Venice: The Early Art of Printing," by Ferdinand Ongania, and Part II of "Bookbindings and Rubbings of Bindings in the National Art Library, South Kensington." One of the successful books of the year was Mrs. Oliphant's Makers of Modern Rome," and yet other attractive illustrated works were "Bits of Old Chelsea," a series of 41 etchings by W. W. Burgess, with letterpress by Lionel Johnson and Richard Le Gallienne; "Old Chester," etchings and pen-and-ink sketches by Henry Hovell Crickmore; "Pictures of Rustic Landscape," by Birket Foster; 12 etchings of "Paradise Lost," by William Strang; and Walter Crane's illustrations of Spenser's "Faerie Queen" and "Two Gentlemen of Verona." "Studies in Both Arts" was a collection of Ruskin's drawings and prose pictures, and a reprint was also made of his "Harbours of England." C. F. Murray prepared a "Catalogue of Pictures belonging to the Duke of Portland at Welbeck Abbey and in London." "A Book of Fans," by M. A. Flory, had a chapter on fan collecting by M. C. Jones. Henrietta Irving Bolton wrote a small volume upon "The Madonna of St. Luke" in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, and Mrs. Nancy R. E. M. Bell selected "Masterpieces of the Great Artists, A. D. 1400-1700." H. Stuart Jones published "Select Passages from Ancient Writers illustrative of the History of Greek Sculpture "; P. Gardner and F. B. Jevons prepared "A Manual of Greek Antiquities "; and W. G. Wood-Martin, in "Pagan Ireland: An Archæological Sketch," furnished a handbook of Irish pre-Christian antiquities. "Cretan Pictographs and Pre-Phoenician Script" were studied by Arthur J. Evans; W. H. St. John edited a work upon "The Corporation Plate and Insignia of

Office of the Cities and Towns of England and Wales," by L. Jewitt; and "Numismata Londinensia" was the title given to a sumptuous volume containing photographic reproductions of 26 medals struck by the Corporation of London to commemorate the most important municipal events of the last sixty years. They were accompanied with notices by Charles Welch. "The Book of Public Arms" was compiled and edited by A. C. Fox-Davies and M. E. B. Crookes, while "The Record and Badges of Every Regiment and Corps in the British Army" were due to H. M. Chichester and G. B. Short. A. C. Haddon wrote of "The Decorative Art of British New Guinea"; W. G. Sutherland, of " Modern Wall Decorations" J. Harrison, of "The Decoration of Metals"; while "A Manual of Marks on Pottery and Porcelain came from W. H. Hooper and W. C. Phillips. Frances and Hugh Marshall studied the technique and symbolism of " Old English Embroidery," "and T. F. Bell treated of "Jacquard Weaving and Designing." "Echoes of the Playhouse' tained reminiscences of some past glories of the English stage, by Edward Robins, Jr., and J. S. Shedlock wrote of the origin and development of" The Pianoforte Sonata." Gluck and the Opera study in musical history by E. Newman, and H. Davey wrote a "History of English Music." "Voice, Speech, and Gesture" was a handbook to the elocutionary art by Hugh Campbell, M. D., R. F. Brewer, and Henry Neville.

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History. In the "Oxford Manuals of English History" appeared "The Making of the English Nation," by C. G. Robertson, and "King and Baronage" (1135-1327), by W. H. Hutton. Two out of 3 volumes, by W. H. S. Aubrey, upon "The Rise and Growth of the English Nation," were issued, the first bringing us to the year 1399 and the second to 1658. Charles Oman wrote "A History of England" in one volume, and Cyril Ransome "An Advanced History of England." J. H. Round, in "Feudal England." made historical studies on the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Allen B. Hinds traced "The Making of the England of Elizabeth," and John Knox Laughton edited 2 volumes of "State Papers relating to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada." C. H. Firth edited 2 volumes also of "The Clarke Papers," selections from the papers of William Clarke, Secretary to the Council of the Army 1647-'49, and to Gen. Monck and the commanders of the army in Scotland 1651260, containing historical matter of much value. Arthur D. Innes wrote an account of " Britain and her

Rivals in the Eighteenth Century, 1713-1789"; Henry W. Wolff gave his attention to "Odd Bits of History"; Sir R. Seeley published "The Growth of British Policy: An Historical Essay," in 2 volumes, while Hereford B. George enumerated "Battles of English History." William Howard Russell fought over again "The Great War with Russia," as Gen. Sir Daniel Lysons did "The Crimean War from First to Last"; and yet again we have "The Crimen in 1854 and 1894." by Sir Evelyn Wood, and "The Story of the Highland Brigade in the Crimea," founded on letters written during the years 1854, 1855, and 1856, by Lieut.-Col. Anthony Sterling. "Lucknow and Oude in the Mutiny " was at once a narrative and a study, by Lieut.-Gen. McLeod Innes; Sir Edward Braddon gave us "Thirty Years of Shikar"; and "Three Years in Cachar," by M. J. Wright, contained a short account of the Manipur Campaign": Capts. G. J. and Frank E. Younghusband told or "The Relief of Chitral"; and Capt. Crawford McCall went "With the Zhob Field Force, 1890." Col. Fyler wrote "The History of the Fiftieth (or the Queen's Own) Regiment"; Col. John Davis sent out Vols. II and III of "The History of the Second (Queen's) Royal Regiment, now the Queen's (Royal West Surrey) Regiment"; while "A History of the Ninety-third Sutherland Highlanders" was written by Lieut.-Col. Percy Groves. G. Lewis Dickinson traced "The Development of Parliament

massacre. H. C. Thomson outlined "The Chitral

during the Nineteenth Century," and "The Crusade against the Constitution," by Sir W. T. Charley, was an historical vindication of the House of Lords. W. Cunningham, D. D., and Ellen A. McArthur were joint authors of "Outlines of English Industrial History"; Vols. III and IV of "Social England," edited by Henry Duff Traill, covered the periods from the accession of Henry VIII to the death of Elizabeth, and from the accession of James I to the death of Anne; while to R. M. Garnier we are indebted for "Annals of the British Peasantry." "The Tragedy of Fotheringay was retold by Hon. Mrs. Maxwell Scott; and William Douglas Hamilton edited the "Calendar of State Papers (Domestic)-Charles I. 1648-'9." R. Ulick Burke wrote "A History of Spain from the Earliest Times to the Death of Ferdinand the Catholic"; and Joseph Jacobs made "An Inquiry into the Sources of the History of the Jews in Spain." Elizabeth M. Sewell's Outline History of Italy" was supplemented by "The Age of the Condottieri," a short history of medieval Italy, from 1409 to 1530, by Oscar Browning, and Vols. V and VI of "Italy and her Invaders," by T. Hodgkin. "The Model Republic," by F. Grenfell Baker, was a history of the rise and progress of the Swiss people; Vol. II appeared of "Cassell's History of the War between France and Germany, 1870-'71"; and William V. Herbert described as an eyewitness the "Defense of Plevna, 1877." "Cavalry in the Waterloo Campaign was a critical study, by Sir Evelyn Wood: and" Waterloo," by E. L. S. Horsburgh, was at once a narrative and a criticism. Several books were devoted to Africa, among which are "The Land of the Nile Springs," by Col. Sir Henry Colville; "The Story of the Expansion of Africa," by Hon. A. Wilmot; Vol. IV of "The Story of Africa and its Explorers," by Dr. Robert Brown, concluding the work; South Africa," a study in colonial administration and development, by W. Basil Worsfold: "Matabele land, and How we got it," by C. L. N. Newman: "Chronicles of Uganda," by Rev. R. P. Ashe; and "The History of the English Church and People in South Africa," by A. T. Wirgman. "The Story of Vedic India" was written by Zénaide A. Ragozin in the "Story of the Nations Series "; W. M. Flinders Petrie published Vol. I of "A History of Egypt" from the earliest times to the sixteenth dynasty; and "Europe in China," by E. J. Eitel, contained the history of Hong-Kong from the beginning to the year 1882. E. H. Parker chronicled "A Thousand Years of the Tartars," and Vol. I of "The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia," by W. M. Ramsay, also saw the light. "A Lecture on the Study of History". livered at Cambridge, June 11, 1895, by Lord Acton, Regius Professor of Modern History, which was published in a small volume. Vol. III completed the exhaustive work of Reginald R. Sharpe upon "London and the Kingdom." E. T. Bradley (Mrs. A. Murray Smith) wrote "Annals of Westminster Ab bey," and Arthur Irwin Dasent "The History of St. James's Square and the Foundation of the West End of London." With a glimpse of Whitehall in the reign of Charles II, J. Reid threw "New Lights on Old Edinburgh," and Robert Miller, Lord Dean of Guild of that city, wrote, mainly from the original records, a sketch of the history of "The Municipal Buildings of Edinburgh" for seven hundred years. Vol. II appeared of Edward Bateson's "History of Northumberland," and again we have "The History of Northumberland," by Cadwallader J. Bates. W. Salt Brassington commemorated "Historie Worces tershire"; W. Andrews, "Bygone Cheshire"; Harry Speight wrote of "Nidderdale and the Garden of the Nidd"; and W. Lyon published "Chronicles of Finchampstead in Berkshire." Vol. II was also issued of "The Isle of Bute in the Olden Time," by J. K. Hewison; "A History of Newfoundland " compiled by D. W. Prowse, Q. C., Judge of the District Court of that island, from the English, colonial, and foreign records. "Ironclads in Action," by H. W. Wilson, was a sketch of naval warfare from 1855

to 1895 in 2 illustrated volumes; Charles G. Harper illustrated from old prints and portraits his own book upon "The Dover Road: Annals of an Ancient Turnpike"; R. H. Morris described "Chester in the Plantagenet and Tudor Reigns "; while " Oxford and her Colleges" were the theme of Goldwin Smith. Rev. R. B. Gardiner edited, with biographical notes, Part II of "The Registers of Wadham College," covcring the period 1719-1871. A third revised edition was made of "The American Commonwealth," by James Bryce, M. P., with additional chapters.

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Physical, Moral, and Intellectual Science.-J. V. Marmessy reviewed the "Progress of Science," and Sir Douglas Galton delivered an "Address to the British Association for the Advancement of Science" at Ipswich, Sept. 11, 1895, on his elevation to the office of its president, in which he contrasted the science of 1831 with that of the present day. Francis Galton offered "Finger-print Directories," and W. Dalton Babington exposed "Fallacies of Race Theories as applied to Race Characteristics." "Darwin and after Darwin" was an exposition of the Darwinian theory and a discussion of post-Darwinian questions by the late Prof. George J. Romanes, whose Mind and Motion and Monism" was another posthumous volume of essays, and whose "Thoughts on Religion were edited by Charles Gore. "Evolution and Art, as illustrated by the Life Histories of Designs " was contributed by Alfred C. Haddon to the "Contemporary Science Series"; "In the Guiana Forest the title of studies of Nature in relation to the struggle for life, by James Rodway, which had an introduction by Grant Allen; Edward Clodd published "A Primer of Evolution," and also wrote "The Story of Primitive Man" for the "Library of Useful Stories," other issues of which were "The Story of the Earth in Past Ages," by H. G. Seeley; "The Story of the Stars," by George F. Chambers; and "The Story of the Plants," by Grant Allen. "A Handbook of Primates," in 2 volumes, by Dr. Henry O. Forbes, was added to "Allan's Naturalists' Library," edited by R. Bowdler Clark ; and Vol. III of" The Cambridge Natural History" contained "Mollusks," by Rev. A. H. Cooke; "Brachiopods (Recent)," by A. E. Shipley; and (6 Brachiopods (Fossil)," by F. R. C. Reed. Charles Dixon wrote on "The Migration of British Birds," and also on "The Game Birds and Wild Fowl of the British Islands," the latter work being a handbook for the naturalist and sportsman, with colored illustrations; W. H. Hudson, the distinguished traveler and naturalist, published a popular volume on "British Birds," and R. Kearton was interesting on the subject of "British Birds' Nests." Part III was issued of the "Dictionary of Birds," for which Alfred Newton was largely responsible, carrying the work on from "Moa to "Sheathbill"; F. W. Headley "The Structure and Life of Birds"; and R. Bowlder Sharpe, the well-known ornithologist, published "A Chapter on Birds." "British and European Butterflies and Moths" were the subject of a sumptuous volume by A. W. Kappel and W. Egmont Kirby, and W. S. Furneaux also wrote on "Butterflies and Moths (British)." "The Natural History of Aquatic Insects" came from Prof. L. C. Miall, "The Natural History of Eristalis Tenax; or, The Drone Fly," from G. B. Buchton, while to Arthur Lister we owe "A Monograph of the Mycetozoa." Three volumes completed the splendid series of 50 which contain the "Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger," one Deep-sea Deposits," by Dr. John Murray and Rev. A. F. Renard, while two contained the "Summary of the Scientific Results," by Dr. Murray alone. "An Introduction to the Study of Zoology" was written by Miss B. Lindsay, and Richard Lydekker edited "The Royal Natural History," to be complete in 36 numbers, of which Nos. 1-10 were issued during the year. "Notes on the Nebular Theory" were made by William Ford Stanley, and a full description of "The Moon," with a map of its principal physical features, was given by Thomas Gwyn Elger.

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on

R. Bains and others examined "The Climates of the South of England." "The Origin of Plant Structures by Self-Adaptation to the Environment" was contributed by Rev. G. Henslow to the "International Scientific Series," and from the same author we have "The Plants of the Bible" in the series of "Present Day Primers." William Hutchinson prepared a "Handbook of Grasses," and George Massce published the fourth volume of "British Fungus Flora," while M. C. Cooke was the author of " An Introduction to the Study of Fungi," as well as of several popular works on wild flowers. "Wild Flowers in Art and Nature," by J. C. L. Sparkes and F. W. Burbidge, were illustrated with colored plates by H. G. Moon. "Color Vision " was the subject of the Tyndall Lectures, delivered in 1894 by W. de W. Abney, and Edmund Catchpool was the author of " A Textbook of Sound" in the "University Tutorial Series." "Charles Lyell and Modern Geology" was from the pen of Canon T. G. Bonney, and Dr. Joseph Prestwick published "Collected Papers on some Controverted Questions of Geology," as well as a volume upon "The Traditions of the Flood." A third edition was also made of "The Great Ice Age and its Relation to the Antiquity of Man," by James Geikie. Charles Douglas made a study of the philosophy of "John Stuart Mill," and Henry Jones gave "A Critical Account of the Philosophy of Lotze." "The Female Offender," by Cæsar Lombroso and W. Ferrero, opened the new Criminology Series," edited by W. Douglas Morrison. St. George Mivart advocated "The Helpful Science," and Dr. G. S. Keith made "A Plea for Simpler Life." "Natural Rights," by D. G. Ritchie, purported to be a criticism of sonic political and ethical conceptions, and from the same author we had also "Darwinism and Politics," with two additional essays on human evolution.

Coming thus to questions of applied ethics, we have "Aspects of the Social Problem," by various writers, edited by Bernard Bosanquet, who was also responsible for "The Essentials of Logic." Prof. Robert Flint attacked “Socialism," while J. Richardson explained" How it can be done, or Constructive Socialism"; G. Morrison Davidson implored "Let there be Light," and "Merrie England," by R. Blatchford, was a plain exposition of socialism. "Socialism and Modern Thought" were considered by M. Kaufmann in the "Social Questions of the Day Series," and F. U. Laycock, in "Economics and Socialism," offered a demonstration of the cause and cure of trade depressions and national poverty._Edwin R. A. Seligman published "Essays in Taxation"; G. H. Blunden wrote "Local Taxation and Finance" in the "Social Science Series," other issues of which were "Perils to British Trade: How to avert them," by Edwin Burgis, and "Co-operative Labor upon the Land, and Other Papers," edited by J. A. Hobson. "The History of Currency, 12521894" was written by W. A. Shaw, and "Select Chapters and Passages from The Wealth of Nations" were edited by W. J. Ashley in the series of "Economic Classics." "The History of the Foreign Pol icy of Great Britain" was traced by Montagu Burrows; "Appenzell: Pure Democracy and Pastoral Life in Inner-Rhoden" was a Swiss study, by Irving B. Richman, and Wordsworth Donithorpe discoursed of "Law in a Free State." "The Evolution of Industry " we owe to Henry Dyer, and "A History of Slavery and Serfdom" to Dr. John Kells Ingram. Vols. V and VI of Charles Booth's study of Life and Labor of the People of London" were given to "Population classified by Trade"; Gertrude Lubbock brought up "Some Poor Relief Questions," intended as a manual for workers, which had a preface by Sir John Lubbock; and "The Problem of the Aged Poor" was attacked by Geoffrey Drage. "The Rural Industries of England" were the subject of a work by J. L. Green, and a handsome volume recorded the progress of "Scottish Home Industries." "State Education for the People in America, Europe, India, and Australia" was written upon by Sir Wil

liam Wilson Hunter, Edward M. Hance, and others; 2 volumes were devoted to "Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages," by Hastings Rashdall; Henry E. and Emmie Felkin were joint authors of "An Introduction to Herbart's Science and Practice of Education"; and "Youthful Eccentricity, a Precursor of Crime" was by Forbes Winslow. The twenty-sixth volume of "Proceedings of the Royal Colonial Institute" was issued, and from T. H. S. Escott appeared a personal and political monograph on "Randolph Spencer-Churchill as a Product of his Age." "The King's Peace," by F. A. Inderwick, was a historical sketch of the English law courts, and from Sir F. Pollock and F. W. Maitland we had "The History of English Law before the Time of Edward 1," in 2 volumes. "Chapters on the Principles of International Law" were also vouchsafed by John Westlake. One of the most significant books of the year was that of the Hon. Arthur James Balfour upon "The Foundations of Belief," which he also denominated "Notes Introductory to the Study of Theology," and from Dr. Henry Wace appeared "Christianity and Agnosticism," reviews of some recent attacks on the Christian faith. "The Philosophy of Theism" was the theme of the first series of Gifford Lectures before the University of Edinburgh in 1894-'95, by Prof. Alexander Campbell Fraser, and Dr. Alfred Barry delivered the Hulsean Lectures for the same year upon "The Ecclesiastical Expansion of England in the Growth of the Anglican Communion." The same lectures for 1893-'94, published during the year, were by the Right Rev. Mandell Creighton, upon "Perse'cution and Tolerance." 66 Via, Veritas, Vita" was the title of the Hibbert Lectures for 1894, by J. Drummond, and "Morality and Religion" that of the Kerr Lectures, by J. Kidd. "The Bible and the Monuments," by W. St. Chad. Boscawen, examined the primitive Hebrew records in the light of modern research; Prof. Allan Menzies wrote a "History of Religion"; "Lex Mosaica, or The Law of Moses and the Higher Criticism," by many authors, was edited by Richard Valpy French, and had an introduction by the late Right Rev. Lord Arthur Hervey, Bishop of Bath and Wells; and John Urquhart also defended" The Inspiration and Accuracy of the Holy Scriptures." To the two different schools of biblical interpretation belong Dr. T. K. Cheyne's "Introduction to the Book of Isaiah," and "Isaiah One and his Book One," by Dr. George C. M. Douglas. A new work of value undertaken during the year was the "International Critical Commentary," issues of which were S. R. Driver's "Critical and Exegetical Commentary on Deuteronomy," a "Critical and Exegetical Commentary on Judges," by George Foot Moore, and a "Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans," by William Sanday and Arthur C. Hend lam. The "People's Bible" of Dr. Joseph Parker was completed during the year by the issue of the twentysixth and twenty-seventh volumes, and additions to the new eighth series of the "Expositor's Bible" were the "Book of Deuteronomy," by Andrew Harper; the "Book of Jeremiah," by W. H Bennett; the "Book of Ezekiel," by Rev. John Skinner; the "Book of Daniel," by Dean Farrar"; and the "Song of Solomon and The Lamentations of Jeremiah," by Walter F. Adeney. Dr. John Cunningham Goikie added 2 more volumes to his "New Testament Hours"; Canon Charles Gore published "Dissertations on Subjects connected with the Incarnation"; Hon. William E. Gladstone "The Psalter," with concordance and other auxiliary matter; and Dr. James Stalker, "The Two St. Johns of the New Testament." "The Proverbs" was the opening volume of the new "Modern Readers' Bible," edited by Richard G. Moulton, while E. J. Dillon pronounced Job, Koheleth, and Agur "The Skeptics of the Old Testament." "The New Life in Christ" was a study in personal religion by Dr. Joseph Agar Beet; R. F. Horton wrote upon "The Teaching of Jesus"; "The Brotherhood of Mankind" was a study toward a Christian philosophy of history by John Howard Crawford;

"Christ in Isaiah: Expositions of Isaiah XL-LX" came from F. B. Meyer; "The City of the Living God" was a note on Hebrews xii, 22-24," by Dr. Alexander R. Eagar. G. H. Pember dwelt upon "The Great Prophecies of the Centuries concerning Israel and the Gentiles," and Rev. A. H. Sayce described "The Egypt of the Hebrews and Herodotus. "Christus Imperator" was the title of a series of lecture sermons edited by Dr. Stubbs, now Dean of Ely, and from Bishop William Boyd Carpenter we had The Great Charter of Christ," studies in the Sermon on the Mount, and "Some Thoughts on Christian Religion," as well as "Lectures on Preaching." "A Lent in London" was the title of a course of lectures on social subjects delivered under the auspices of the London Branch of the Christian Social Union, to which Canon Scott Holland contributed a preface, and a special series of Advent sermons, were also delivered under the same direction which were collected under the name of "The Gospel of the Kingdom." Archdeacon Sinclair addressed" Words to the Laity," and Canon Malcolm MacColl discussed "Life Here and Hereafter." "College Sermons" of Benjamin Jowett were edited by W. H. Fremantle and W. Robertson Nicoll delivered "Ten-Minute Sermons." From Rev. A. K. H. Boyd (Country Parson) we had "Occasional and Immemorial Days" and "St. Andrew's and Elsewhere"; "God and the Ant" was the title of a booklet by Coulson Kernahan; "The SoulWinner" was a posthumous work by Charles Haddon Spurgeon; and Union with God" was by James Rendel Harris. Enigmas of the Spiritual Life" and "The Unknown God" were from the pen of Rev. Alexander II. G. Craufurd. "Philo and Holy Scripture" was a valuable work for students of the Greek text of the Old Testament, for which they were indebted to Dr. Herbert E. Ryle. A companion volume to the "Biblical Essays" of the late Bishop of Durham (Dr. Joseph Barber Lightfoot) was issued during the year, containing "Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul from Unpublished Commentaries," and his "Historical Essays" also saw the light. E. L. Cutts wrote a "History of the Church of England"; Mary H. Allies, a "History of the Church in England from the Accession of Henry VIII to the Death of Queen Elizabeth, A. D. 1509-1603"; and E. J. Newell, "A History of the Welsh Church to the Dissolution of the Monasteries." "Foundation Stones" was the title of fifteen lessons, with story illustrations, on the founding of the Church in England, by Austin Clare. "The Oxford Movement " was reviewed by G. Wakeling. "Have Mercy upon me," by Rev. Andrew Murray, explained the fifty-first Psalm, and from the same author we had also "The Holiest of All," an exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews.

Works of a general character which may as well be included here were: "The Key of the Pacific: The Nicaragua Canal," by Archibald Ross Colqu houn; "Lighthouses: Their History and Romance," by W. J. Hardy; the " Principles and Practice of Harbour Construction," by William Shield; and "The History of North Atlantic Steam Navigation," with sonic account of early ships and ship-owners, with over 50 illustrations, by H. Fry. A. Jamieson published Vol. I of "A Text-book on Applied Mechanics"; Oscar Guttmann devoted 2 volumes to "The Manufacture of Explosives," with 147 illustrations; A. Sansome traced "Recent Progress in the Industries of Dyeing and Calico Printing," a supplementary volume to "The Printing of Cotton Fabries" and "Dyeing"; Hon. Alicia Amherst wrote "A History of Gardening in England;" and T. W. Sanders, "An Encyclopædia of Gardening." H. Mulertt treated of "The Goldfish and its Culture for Profit": "Grayling and How to catch them" was by F. M. Walbran; and John Bickerdyke contributed "Sea-Fishing" to the " Badminton Library," the volume being illustrated by C. Napier Hemy and others. "Toboganning on Crooked Runs," by H. Gibson, also contained contributions by F. de B. Strickland, and Lady Tobogganer. J. Mason ex