cester, near Freetown, were recommended. The opening of a mission in Japan was decided upon, to which 4 native Japanese educated in the United States have been appointed. The corresponding secretary of the board has been deputed to Japan to superintend the beginning of the mission. The most important feature of the year's work in the home-mission field was the extension of the Church in Tennessee and other parts of the Southern States, where a mission conference had existed in East Tennessee for several years. Two new presiding elders' districts had been formed, more than 20 ministers received, and more than 1,000 members gathered in. Appropriations of $37,147 were made for the missionary work of the ensuing year. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, a federal republic of 45 States in North America. The executive power is vested in a President elected for four years by electors equal in each State to the number of its Senators and Representatives in Congress. Candidates for President are nominated in party conventions, and each party presents to the voters a list of electors who will vote for its candidate. The legislative power is vested in the Congress, consisting of a Senate, in which each State is represented by 2 members, elected for six years by the State Legislature, and a House of Representatives, consisting of 356 members, elected for two years by direct vote of the qualified electors of each State, 1 from each Congressional district, and 4 Territorial delegates. The reapportionment based on the census of 1890 gives one Representative to every 173,900 inhabitants. The Vice-President, who on the death or retirement of the President becomes President for the remainder of the term, is ex officio the presiding officer of the Senate. The President for the term ending March 4, 1897, is Grover Cleveland, of New York, born March 18, 1837. The Vice-President is Adlai Ewing Stevenson, of Illinois. The President's Cabinet at the beginning of 1895 was composed as follows: Secretary of State, Walter Q. Gresham, of Indiana; Secretary of the Treasury, John G. Carlisle, of Kentucky; Secretary of War, Daniel S. Lamont, of New York; Secretary of the Interior, Hoke Smith, of Georgia; Secretary of the Navy, Hilary A. Herbert, of Alabama; Postmaster-General, Wilson S. Bissell, of New York; AttorneyGeneral, Richard Olney, of Massachusetts; Secretary of Agriculture, Julius S. Morton, of Nebraska. After the death of Secretary Gresham (May 28) President Cleveland appointed Richard Olney, of Massachusetts, Secretary of State, and called Judson Harmon, of Ohio, into the Cabinet to take Mr. Olney's place as Attorney-General. On the retirement of Mr. Bissell, William L. Wilson, of West Virginia, was appointed to succeed him as Postmaster-General. Judson Harmon was born in Ohio in 1846. He was educated in the Cincinnati schools and in Denison University, at Granville, Ohio, and studied jurisprudence in the Law School at Cincinnati, where he was graduated in 1869. He joined the Democratic party in 1872 with the Republican seceders who supported Horace Greeley for the presidency. In 1876 he was a candidate for the office of judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Cincinnati and he was declared elected, but the Legislature unseated him in favor of Judge Cox, ex-Secretary of the Interior. A few years later he was elected judge of the Superior Court, but he soon resigned from the bench in order to resume practice, becoming a member of the firm of Calstor, Goldsmith & Hoadly. His services as an advocate were much sought after, and in the profession he has been esteemed a sound, sagacious lawyer. He was nominated and confirmed as Attorney-General to succeed Mr. Olney, who was advanced to the State Department on the death of Secretary Gresham. William Lyne Wilson was born in Jefferson County, Va., May 3, 1843. He was educated at Columbian WILLIAM L. WILSON, POSTMASTER-GENERAL. College and at the University of Virginia; served in the Confederate army, and after the war was Professor of Latin in Columbian College for six years. He studied law at the same time, and when he was admitted to the bar, in 1871, he engaged in practice at Charlestown, W. Va. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1880, and was a presidential elector in that year. In 1882 he became President of the University of West Virginia. On being elected as a Democrat to the House of Representatives he resigned that office and took his seat Dec. 1, 1883. As a member of the Ways and Means Committee in 1888 he had much to do with framing the Mills tariff bill, passed in that session, and as chairman of the same committee in 1893 he was the principal author of the tariff bill known popularly by his name. He was nominated and confirmed as Post master-General to succeed Hon. Wilson S. Bissell, resigned. The Judiciary.-The Supreme Court of the United States in the beginning of 1895 was composed of Melville W. Fuller, of Illinois, Chief Justice, and the following Associate Justices: Horace Gray, of Massachusetts; Henry D. Brown, of Michigan; George Shiras, Jr., of Pennsylvania; Howell E. Jackson, of Tennessee; Edward D. White, of Louisiana; John M. Harlan, of Kentucky; David J. Brewer, of Kansas; and Stephen J. Field, of California. death, on Aug. 8, 1895, of Justice Jackson, the President nominated for the vacancy Rufus W. Peckham, of New York, who was duly confirmed by the Senate. After the Rufus Wheeler Peckham was born in 1838; the son of an eminent jurist of the same name, who was a justice of the New York Supreme Court, and in 1870-'73 of the RUFUS W. PECKHAM, JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT. Court of Appeals. The son was admitted to the bar when very young, and soon became district attorney of Albany County. A few years later he was elected a justice of the Supreme Court of the State of New York. After serving three years in this post he resigned in order to accept the office of judge of the Court of Appeals. This office he still held when the President, on Dec. 3, nominated him to fill the vacancy on the bench of the United States Supreme Court caused by Peckham had always been an active Democrat, and the death of Justice Howell E. Jackson. Judge since he was not identified with the division of the party that antagonized the Senators from New York, the latter did not oppose his confirmation, as they had that of his brother, Wheeler H. Peckham, when nominated to the seat afterward filled by Justice White. Until the establishment of the Circuit Court of Appeals by the act of March 3, 1891, the arrears of business before the Supreme Court constantly increased. Since these courts have been in successful operation much relief has been afforded to the Supreme Court, but it will be several years before the docket is cleared. The number of cases docketed at the October term, 1894, was 1,062, of which 1,046 were on the appellate and 16 on the original docket, and 415 were disposed of during the year. The number actually considered by the court was 329, of which 190 were argued orally and 139 were submitted on printed arguments. The following were some of the important cases decided: titled "An Act to reduce taxation, to provide Income-tax Cases.-The act of Congress, enrevenue for the Government, and for other purposes" (called the "Wilson bill "), received by the President Aug. 15, 1894, which became a law that from and after Jan. 1, 1895, and until Jan. without his signature Aug. 27, 1894, provided 1, 1900, there should be levied, collected, and paid annually upon the gains, dar year by every citizen of the United States, profits, and income received in the preceding calenwhether residing at home or abroad, and every person residing therein, whether said gains, profits, or income be derived from any kind of property, rents, interest, dividends, or salaries, or from any profession, trade, employment, or vocation carried on in the United States or elsewere, or from any other source whatever, a tax of 2 per centum on the amount so derived over and above $4,000; and a like tax was imposed upon the gains, profits, and income from all property owned and of every business, trade, or profession carried on in the United States by persons residing without the United States. The cases of Pollock vs. The Farmers' Loan and Trust Company and Hyde vs. The Continental Trust Company involving the constitutionality of this act, were argued in the Supreme Court with the case of Moore vs. Miller, March 7, 1895, and succeeding days. The argument attracted more attention than any case in the Supreme Court for years, and was participated in by W. D. Guthrie, Clarence A. Seward, Hon. George F. Edmunds, Joseph H. Choate, James C. Carter, Attorney-General Richard Olney, and Assistant Attorney-General Edward B. Whitney. A decision was rendered April 8, 1895. which held that so much of the act as provided for levying taxes upon rents or income derived from real estate or from the interest on municipal bonds was repugnant to the Constitution and was invalid. A tax on income from real estate was held to be a direct tax within the meaning of the Constitution, which requires that direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States according to population. As to municipal bonds, it was held that as a municipal corporation is the representative of the State, and one of the instrumentalities of the State government, the property and revenues of municipal corporations are not the subjects of Federal taxation, nor is the income derived from State, county, and municipal securities, since taxation on the interest therefrom operates on the power to borrow before it is exercised, and has a sensible influence on the contract, and therefore such a tax is a tax on the power of the States and their instrumentalities to borrow money, and consequently repugnant to the Constitution. On the question whether the whole act was unconstitutional, no opinion was then expressed, the court being equally divided, Justice Jackson not being present. Dissenting opinions were delivered by Justices White and Harlan, also one by Justice Field, who held the whole act to be null and void. A petition for a rehearing was allowed, and the cases were again argued before a full bench, and were decided May 20, 1895. The opinion of the court was delivered by Chief-Justice Fuller, declaring the whole act unconstitutional on the ground that the tax was a direct tax, and was not laid by apportionment as required by the Constitution. Justices Harlan, Brown, Jackson, and White each delivered a dissenting opinion, showing that the court had stood 5 to 4 against the law. This decision deprived the Government of an estimated revenue of about $30,000,000 annually. It overrules a decision of the same court in the case of Springer vs. United States (1880), affirming the constitutionality of the previous income-tax law. In that case the income tax was held in a unanimous opinion to be an excise tax instead of a direct tax and constitutional, Congress having power to lay and collect excises, the only restriction upon its power in this regard being that they shall be uniform throughout the United States. The aggregate amount collected under the previous income-tax laws (the acts of July 1, 1862, and subsequent amendatory acts which expired by limitation Dec. 31, 1871) was $346,967,338.12. The largest amount collected in any one year was $72,982,159.03 (1866). No incometax laws were passed by Congress prior to the civil war. Oleomargarine Case.-The case of Plumley vs. Massachusetts, decided Dec. 10, 1894, involved the constitutionality of the statute of Massachusetts which prohibits the sale of oleomargarine made in imitation of yellow butter produced from unadulterated milk or cream, in its application to sales of oleomargarine in original packages brought into Massachusetts from other States. It was held that the prohibition in question did not interfere with the freedom of commerce among the several States, and was not repugnant to the Constitution. A dissenting opinion was delivered by Chief-Justice Fuller, in which Justices Field and Brewer concurred. The Sherman Antitrust Act.-This act was construed in the case of United States vs. E. C. Knight Company, which was decided Jan. 21, 1895. The action was brought by the United States in the circuit court for the eastern district of Pennsylvania, to dissolve what is known as the "Sugar Trust." It was unsuccessful in that court, and again in the Circuit Court of Appeals, and the United States Supreme Court affirmed the decisions of those courts, dismissing the suit. The court held that the act of Congress of July 2, 1890, entitled An Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies," known as "the Sherman Anti trust act"-which denounces "every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States or with foreign nations," and prescribes punishments and remedies-has no application to such a combination or monopoly as the Sugar Trust, because that combination or monopoly is engaged primarily in manufacturing, and only secondarily in selling; that a combination to control the manufacturing of a particular article can not be a combination in restraint of interstate commerce such as is within the power of Congress to regulate, but is merely a matter of domestic concern, subject to the police power of the States. Justice Harlan dissented. The Debs Case.-This case, which was decided May 27, 1895, came before the court on a writ of habeas corpus. The sentences of imprisonment in the county jail for terms varying from three to six months, imposed on Eugene V. Debs and three other persons for contempt in disobeying the orders of injunction issued by the circuit court at Chicago during the great railroad strike in July, 1894, were upheld, and principles of great importance were established. The jurisdiction of the courts to issue and enforce injunctions against interference with interstate commerce and the passage of the mails was fully maintained. The circuit court having full jurisdiction in the case, it was held that its action was not open to review by the Supreme Court on habeas corpus. Chinese Exclusion.-In the case of Lem-MoonSing vs. United States, decided May 27, 1895, the court affirmed the decision of the court below in denying a writ of habeas corpus applied for by a Chinese merchant in San Francisco, who made a visit to his native land, and was denied admission into the United States on his return. The constitutionality of the Chinese exclusion act was reaffirmed, and it was held that, under the act of Aug. 18, 1894, the courts had no authority to review the decision of the executive officers of the Government in excluding, under any law or treaty, aliens from admission into this country. Foreign Judgments.-Hilton vs. Guyot involved important questions relating to the effect of foreign judgments. The action was on a judgment recovered in a French court by French citizens against the firm of A. T. Stewart & Co. It was held that foreign judgments were prima facie evidence and not conclusive when sued upon in the courts of this country. Chief-Justice Fuller and Justices Harlan, Brewer, and Jackson dissented, holding that the doctrine of res ajudicata applied to foreign judgments as well as domestic. The Army. The United States army, which is recruited by voluntary enlistment only, consists of 25 regiments of infantry, in 1895 numbering 877 officers and 13,125 men; 10 cavalry regiments, numbering 432 officers and 6,170 men; 5 regiments of artillery, numbering 280 officers and 4,025 men; and 537 officers and 2,386 men in the Engineer Corps, the ordnance department, hospital service, signal service, Military Academy, with Indian scouts, administrative details, etc.; total, 2,126 officers and 25,706 men. (See NATIONAL GUARD, page 504.) The Navy. The United States navy contains 6 battle ships, all of the first class. The 2 oldest ("Maine" and "Texas"), launched in 1890 and 1892, displace respectively 6,648 and 6,300 tons, being protected each with 12-inch armor, and making 17 knots an hour, with engines of 9,000 horse power for the heavier vessel, which carries 4 10-inch guns in 2 turrets, with 6 6-inch and 8 6-pounder quick-firing guns; with 7 torpedo ejectors, and 8,000 horse power for the other, which is armed with 2 12-inch guns, one in each turret, and 6 6-inch guns and 12 quick-firing 6-pounders, and has 4 torpedo tubes. Three sister ships ("Oregon," "Massachusetts," and "Indiana"), of 10,200 tons, launched in 1892 and 1893, have 18 inches of armor plating and engines of 9,000 horse power, developing a speed of 15 knots, and carry their 4 13-inch guns in 2 main turrets and 8 8-inch guns mounted in pairs in smaller turrets, with a minor armament of 4 6-inch and 20 6-pounder quick-firing guns and 7 torpedo ejectors. The newest ("Iowa") has a displacement of 11,296 tons and 15 inches of armor, with 11.000-horsepower engines, designed for a speed of 16 knots, and an armainent disposed like that of the others, consisting of 4 12-inch, 8 8-inch, 6 4-inch, and 20 quick-firing guns, with 7 torpedo ejectors. Two armored cruisers ("New York" and "Brooklyn"), of 8,200 and 9,270 tons, with side armor 10 and 8 inches thick respectively, besides steel decks, are designed for speed, the one 21 knots, with engines of 17,400 horse power, and the other, with 16,000 horse power, 20 knots, and carry 8-inch guns, 2 forward and 2 aft in inclined turrets, and 1 on either beam in the former, while the other will have 2 additional heavy guns, with a subsidiary armament of 12 4-inch and 12 smaller quick firers on the one, and 12 5-inch and 16 smaller ones on the other. Two commerce destroyers ("Columbia" and "Minneapolis"), of 7,375 tons, carrying 1 8-inch gun, with 2 6-inch, 8 4-inch, and 16 smaller quick firers, have made 22.8 and 23 knots respectively, with engines of 20,000 horse power, and can carry coal for a cruising radius of 26,000 miles. A smaller deck-protected cruiser ("Olympia "), of 5,870 tons, has a speed of 20 knots and an armament consisting of 4 8-inch breechloaders and 10 5-inch and 20 smaller quick firers. A coast-defense armor clad, with 14-inch plates ("Monterey"), of 4,000 tons, has a speed of 17 knots, and is armed with 2 12-inch and 2 10inch breechloaders and 10 rapid-fire guns. An older vessel, (Monadnock "), with 11 inches of armor, classed as a monitor, though having a speed of 14 knots, carries 4 10-inch guns in 2 turrets. The heaviest of the monitors ("Puritan"), having 14-inch plates and a displacement of 6,160 tons, has 4 12-inch breechloaders mounted in 2 turrets and a secondary armament of 8 quick-firing guns. The next in strength ("Miantonomah,' Amphitrite," and "Terror ") have the same armor as the "Monadnock" and a similar armament. A powerful ram, with a speed of 17 knots ("Katahdin "). carries only 4 rapid-fire guns, but is capable of being entirely submerged, except the turtle-back deck, when attacking. Of the old type of monitors, built during the war of secession, there are 13 ("Ajax," "Canonicus," "Catskill," 99 66 Co 66 66 66 99.66 manche," Jason," "Lehigh," Manhattan," Mahopac," "Montauk," "Nahant,' Nantucket," Passaic," "Wyandotte "), each armed with 2 15-inch smooth-bore cannon in a single turret. Of the second-class cruisers, 3 ("Newark," "Philadelphia." and "San Francisco "), having a displacement of between 4,000 and 5,000 tons, can make over 19 knots, and are armed with 12 6-inch breechloaders, 46-pounder quick firers, and smaller pieces. Two older ones of similar dimensions ("Baltimore" and "Chicago"), one having a speed of 20 knots and the other 15, carry 8-inch breechloaders. There are 5 protected cruisers of 3,000 tons or over, of which the latest type ("Raleigh" and "Cincinnati") are armed with 10 5-inch and 12 smaller rapid-firing guns, and have a speed of 19 knots; the older ones ("Atlanta," "Boston," and "Charleston "), making 15 to 18 knots, carry 6 6-inch guns, the "Charleston" also 2 8-inch breechloading guns, in their main battery. Three smaller cruisers ("Detroit," Montgomery," and "Marblehead ") speed 18 knots and carry 2 6-inch, 8 5-inch, and 8 smaller guns. There is a dynamite cruiser ("Vesuvius"), engined for over 21 knots and armed with 3 15inch dynamite guns. Of the new steel gunboats, the newest ("Machias," "Castine," "Helena,' Nashville," and "Wilmington") carry 8 4-inch rapid-fire guns and an effective auxiliary armament, while the earlier ones ( Bennington," "Concord,' 'Yorktown," and 'Petrel ") are armed with 6-inch breechloading cannon, each carrying 6 except the last. Of torpedo boats, there are 6, each provided with 3 18-inch Whitehead torpedo tubes, the latest having a speed of 24 knots. 99 66 66 66 66 Commerce.-The total value of the imports of merchandise during the year ending June 30, 1895, was $731,969,965, compared with $654,994,622 in the preceding year. The value of the imports subject to duty was $368,736,170, compared with $275,199,086; of articles free of duty, $363,233,795, compared with $379,795,536. The value of imports brought in cars and other land vehicles was $33,201,988; brought in American vessels, $108,229,615; brought in foreign vessels, $590,538,362. The values of the principal articles or classes of merchandise imported in the fiscal year 1895 were: Animals, $2,737,078; art works, $3,843,097; books, maps, etc., $3,331,637; bristles (1,301,494 pounds), $1,244,151; breadstuffs, $2,859,813; chemicals, drugs, dyes, and medicine, $45,567,609, of which $30,340,543 were free of duty and $15,227,066 dutiable; clocks and watches, $1,319,521; bituminous coal (1,260,109 tons), $3,848,365; coffee (652,208,975 pounds), $96,130,717; raw cotton, $4,714,375; cotton manufactures, $33,296,633; china and earthenware, $8,956,106; fish, $4,756,164; flax, hemp, and jute, and manufactures of, $39,573,075; fruits and nuts, $17,239.923; furs, $10,322,157; glass and glassware, $6,627,473; materials for hats and bonnets, $2,766,568; hides and skins, $26,122,942; hops (3,133,664 pounds), $599,744; India rubber and gutta percha, and manufactures of, $18,925,595; iron and steel, and manufactures of, $23,048,515; jewelry and gold and silver articles, $648,610; lead and manufactures of, $2,488,584; leather and leather manufac tures, $13,819,038; spirituous and malt liquors, $4,245,586; molasses (15,075,879 gallons), $1,295,146; musical instruments, $918,253; paints and colors, $1,246,924; paper and manufactures of, $2,863,533; paper stock, $3,786,026; precious stones and imitations of, including diamonds, uncut, $7,426,178; salt, $680,802; silk manufactures, $31,206,002; raw silk, $22,626,056; spices, $2,640,235; sugar (3,574,510,454 pounds). $76,462,836: tea (97,253,458 pounds), $13,171,379; tin (47,631,783 pounds), $6,787,424; tobacco, leaf and manufactured, $16,888,612; toys, $1,889,628; wines, $7,183,537; wood and wood manufactures, $17,814,119; wool, free of duty, $23,996,224; wool, dutiable, $1,560,197; woolen manufactures, $38,539,890; all other articles, $68,418,208. The total value of exports was $807,538,165. The value of the domestic exports was $793,392,599. The domestic exports carried in cars and other land vehicles were $45,353,469; in American vessels, $60,523,877; in foreign vessels, $687,515,253. The principal exports of domestic produce or manufacture and their values in 1895 were: Agricultural implements, $5,413,075; animals, $35,754,045; books, maps, engravings, and other printed matter, $2,316,217: corn (27,691,137 bushels), $14,640,767; wheat (76,102,704 bushels), $43,805,663; wheat flour (15,268,822 barrels), $51,651,928; all other breadstuffs, $4.496,412; railroad cars, street cars, and carriages, $2,382,714; chemicals, drugs, dyes, and medicines, $8,189,142; clocks and watches, $1,204,005; coal, anthracite (1,397,204 tons), $5,918,229; coal, bitnminous (2,374,988 tons), $5,180.398; copper ore (10,281 tons), $1,104,515; copper, manufactures of, $14,468.703; cotton, raw (3,517,433,109 pounds), $204,900,990 fish, $4,501,830; flax, hemp, and jute manufactures, $1,722,559: apples (818,711 barrels), $1,954,318; all other fruits and nuts, $3,017,473; furs and fur skins, $3,923, 130; hides and skins, $2,310,323; hops (17,523,388 pounds), $1,872,597; iron and steel manufactures, $32,000,989; leather and leather manufactures, $15,614,407; musical instruments, $1,115,727; naval stores (rosin, tar, turpentine, pitch, and spirits of turpentine), $7,419,773; oil cake and meal (733,652,495 pounds), $7,165,587; animal oils (1,467,156 gallons), $578,445; mineral oil, crude (111,285,264 gallons), $5,161,710; mineral oil, refined or manufactured, $41,498,372; vegetable oils, $7.342,112; paper and paper manufactures, $2,185,257; paraffin and paraffin wax (95,076,165 pounds), $3,569,614; beef products (344,600,048 pounds), $27,478.651; hog products (1,092,024,847 pounds), $89,754,428; oleomargarine (88,199,775 pounds), $8,099,482: other meat products, $1,665,961; dairy products, $6,632,857; clover seed (22,900,672 pounds), $2.124,997; other seeds, $724,148; distilled spirits (3,271,764 proof gallons), $2,991,686; molasses and sirup (9,148,711 gallons), $850,400; refined sugar (8,833,522 pounds). $406,924; tobacco, unmanufactured (300,991,930 pounds), $25,798,968; tobacco, manufactured, $3,953,165; vegetables, $1,543,458; wood and wood manufactures, $27,115,907; other articles, $34,154,960. The imports of gold bullion were $11,927,983; of American gold coin, $10,752,673; of foreign gold coin, $12,466,128; of silver bullion, $3,480, 885; of American silver coin, $100,932; of foreign silver coin, $5,970,703; total imports of precious metals, $44,699,254, compared with $85,735,671 in 1894. The domestic exports of gold bullion were $793,656; of gold coin, $55,096,639; of silver bullion, $40,032,615; of silver coin, $40,609; total precious metals, $95,963,517, compared with $103,556,441 in 1894. The foreign exports of specie in 1895 amounted to $17,394,983. Industry and Agriculture.-The following table gives the acreage, yield, and value of the principal farm crops of the United States for 1894, the quantity of tobacco being given in pounds, hay in tons, and the other crops in bushels: CROP. Wheat. Corn.. Acres. 34,882,436 62,582,269 Oats.. 27,028,558 Rye... 1.944,780 Barley. 8,170,602 Buckwheat. Tobacco... Potatoes 2,787,978 48,821,272 Hay The production of malt liquors in 1894 was estimated at 1,016,440,000 gallons; of fermented liquors, 33,362,373 gallons: of rye whisky, 10.026,544 gallons; of bourbon whisky, 15,518,349 gallons; of alcohol, 10,570,070 gallons; of rum, 1,864,595 gallons; of gin, 1,287,977 gallons; of pure neutral spirits, 35,377,115 gallons; of brandy, grape, apple, and peach, 2,948,158 gallons; total spirits 99,153,650 gallons. The number of sheep in 1894 was 45,048,017. The wool product in 1894 was 298,000,000 pounds, and the consumption of wool 346,654,000 pounds. The number of hogs killed during the year was 21,619,645. The production of tobacco in 1894 was 406,678,385 pounds, valued at $27,760,739. The cotton crop in 1895 was 5,073,531 bales, compared with 4,811,265 bales in 1894. The consumption of the United States was 3,219,000 bales. The product of cane sugar was 611,156,922; of beet sugar, 45,191,296; of maple, 7,633,036 pounds. The quantity of pig iron produced in 1894 was 6,657,388 long tons, value $71,966,364; of copper, 353,504,314 pounds, value $33,540,489; of gold, 1,923,619 ounces, value $39,761,205; of silver, 49.846,875 ounces, value $31,403,531; of zinc spelter, 74,004 tons, value $5.209,882; of lead, 160,867 tons, value $10,585,048; of quicksilver, 30,440 flasks of 763 pounds, value $1,095,840; of aluminum, 220 tons, value $490,560; of antimony, 205 tons, value $39,200; of bituminous coal, 117,950,348 tons, value $103,842,467; of anthracite coal, 52.010,433 tons, value $80,879,404; of coke, 8,495,295 tons, value $12,654,558; of crude petroleum, 48,527,336 barrels of 42 gallons, value $40,762,962: value of natural gas, $11,000,000; quantity of evaporated salt, 9,161,053 barrels of 280 pounds, value $4,608,275; of rock salt, 2,341,922 barrels, value $788,681; of refractory clay, 3.375,738 tons, value $4,050,885; of kaolin, 24,552 tons, value $185,169; of hydraulic cement. 7,895,259 barrels of 300 pounds, value $4,397,407; of Portland cement, 738,196 barrels, value $1,080,644; of lime, |