RECEIPTS IN THE TREASURY AT PHILADELPHIA, IN SEPTEMBER, 1844. SYNOD OF ALBANY. Phy. of Albany. Pby. of Coshoc'on. "A friend to the cause," Freehold N. J. in Northampton ch. N. Y. per Rev. D. Lyon, 21 00 Mount Eaton ch. Ohio 20, per Rev. Philo M. SYNOD OF BUFFALO. Pby. of Wyoming. Semple; Berlin ch. Ohio, 12 per do., 32 00 SYNOD OF NORTHERN INDIANA. Pby. of Michigan. 5 00 Bennington ch. Mich. per Rev. Wm. G. Smith 20 00 SYNOD OF INDIANA. Pby. of Vincennes. 21 75 5.00 MISCELLANEOUS. Phy of West Jersey. Woodbury ch. N. J. per Rev. J. M. Rogers, add'l 2 55; Cedarville ch. N. J. per Rev. R. Curran, through Mr. Gandy, 29 85 32 40 74.00 Total, 311 75 THOMAS HOGE, Treasurer. Also, 1 BOX OF CLOTHING from Kingston ch. Pa. per Rev. E. H. Snowden, sent to the West, for the use of the Missionaries, valued at $40; n BUNDLE, containing two bed quilts from Miss N Webb, South Middletown, valued at 10; A BOX OF CLOTHING from Boundbrook ch. N. J., sent to the Rev. Ithamar Pillsbury for distribution, valued at 100. RECEIPTS IN THE TREASURY AT PITTSBURG, PA., IN SEPTEMBER, 1844. SYNOD OF PITTSBURGH. Pby. of Blairsville. New Alexandria cong per Rev. S. McFarren 11,62; Congruity cong. per do. 30; Kittanning cong, per Rev. Jos. Painter, 15; Gilgal and Perry congs. per Rev. John Caruthers 8; Currie's Run cong. per Rev R. Happersett, 5; Fairfield and Union congs, per, do. 6,34; Murraysville cong. per Rev. Mr. Annan 3,33 Ply. of Redstone. Brownsville cong per Rev. R. Happersett, 20,50, of which 10 is from the fem. sew. soc. Uniontown cong. J. G. per Bailey & Co. 90 cts.; Rehoboth cong, in part, per Rev. Mercer cong. fem. benev. soc. 7,32 7 32 RECEIPTS IN THE TREASURY AT LOUISVILLE, KY., IN SEPT., 1844. THE FOREIGN MISSIONARY DECEMBER, 1844. GENERAL INTELLIGENCE. STATE OF THE INDIAN TRIBES NOW OCCUPYING THE "INDIAN TERRITORY." (Concluded from p, 300.) sensions, however, grew out of the question of the cession of the territory east of the Mississippi. This was a broad question of sale or no sale, emigration or no 5. Cherokees.-This tribe is prominent emigration. At the head of the affirma⚫ among the native stocks in the United | tive party was Ridge, at the head of the States, and is foremost in the efforts it has negative Ross. The latter, in addition to made to take rank among civilized nations. his being the leading chief and most proIn this effort it has passed through some minent man, was in a large majority, and severe and tragic ordeals from internal for a time successfully resisted the meadissensions; from which it would seem, sure. The former drew a number of the that in proportion as the prize is brought best educated chiefs and men to his side. within their grasp, are the trials multi- Availing himself of the temporary absence plied which delay its seizure. And not of his antagonist, Ross, he ceded the withstanding its strong claims to consi- country, and sealed the fate of his tribe deration on this head, they have, it must east of the Mississippi. It was a minoribe admitted, much to attain. The origi- ty treaty, but the consideration was amnal position of the Cherokees, in the val- ple; it secured large prospective advanleys of the western spurs of the Alleganies, tages, besides an extensive and rich and remote from the disturbing causes domain in the West. It was therefore which agitated the other tribes, was high- sustained by the Government; the United ly favourable to their increase and ad- States' Senate ratified it, adding some vance. No tribe in North America had further immunities, and further compensaremained so long and so completely undis- tion, at the instance of Ross. [The writurbed by red or white men up to the year ter adds, in a note, that he has seen this 1836. They were early, and to a consi-statement contradicted.] The tribe was derable extent, cultivators; and whatever removed, but it went West with a deadly they were in ancient times, they have been a nation at peace for a very long period. Soon after the close of the late war of 1812, a portion of this tribe went over the Mississippi, and by a compact with Government, placed themselves between the waters of the White River and the Arkansas. This advance formed the nucleus of that political party who have mingled in their recent assemblies under the name of Western Cherokees, and who deemed themselves to be entitled to some rights and considerations above the Eastern Cherokees. The principal disVOL. XII.-24 feud, and in the end Ridge paid for his temerity with his life. A representative government was set up, consisting of a house of delegates or representatives annually chosen by districts; a senatorial council, with powers of revision or co-action, and an executive elective head. A code of laws has been adopted, and a judiciary created to carry them into effect. This system, which has been in operation some six or seven years, has been found adequate to sustain itself through scenes of severe trial; and it must be regarded as one which, modified as it may be, is destined to endure. * The territory of the Cherokees is be- | printing press and types By the treaty tween that of the Creeks and Osages. It of Dec. 29, 1835, the sum of $150,000 is is ample beyond their wants, fertile, and provided for the support of common generally well-watered. The Arkansas schools, and such a literary institution of crosses it centrally; it has the Neosho a higher order as may be established in and the State of Arkansas as its eastern the Indian country. The above sum is boundary. It is well adapted to the cereal to be added to an education fund of $50,grains. Corn, wheat, and oats succeed 000 that previously existed, making the well, together with melons and culinary sum of $200,000, which is to remain a vegetables of all descriptions. They own permanent school fund, the interest of numerous salt springs, three of which which only is to be consumed. The apare worked by Cherokees. The amount plication of this money is to be directed of salt manufactured is probably about by the Cherokee nation, under the super100 bushels per day. They also own two vision of the President of the United lead mines; both the salt works and lead States. The interest of it will be sufficient mines are in the eastern section of their constantly to keep, in a boarding school, country. All the settlements yet formed two hundred children; or eight hundred,⚫ are there also. It embraces about 2,500,000 if boarded by their parents. acres. They own about 20 000 head of cattle, 3,000 horses, 15,000 hogs, 600 sheep, 110 wagons, often several ploughs to one farm, several hundred spinningwheels, and 100 looms. Their fields are enclosed with rail fences. They have erected for themselves good log dwellings with stone chimneys and plank floors. Their houses are furnished with plain tables, chairs, and bedsteads, and with table and kitchen furniture nearly or quite equal to the dwellings of white people in new countries. They have nine native merchants and one regular physician, beside several "quacks" Houses of entertain-number. There are two in each of the ment, with neat and comfortable accom- three large districts, viz: Delaware, Gomodations, are found among them. ing snake, and Flint-one each in Skinbayou, Illinois, Canadian, Tahlequah, and Sabine districts. Scholars number in all of these nearly five hundred, which, with the several Mission and other neighbouring schools, says Mr. Foreman, the late Superintendent of Common Schools, da not more than half supply the demand. From five to ten orphan children are sup ported at each of these schools. The Moravians have two stations, Beattie's Prairie and Spring Creek, Rev. Messrs. Vogler, Bishop and Schmidt. The A. B. C. F. M. have three stations: Dwight, The prairies, which are interspersed through the tract, yield a fine summer range for cattle, and produce a species of grass which, when properly cured, is little inferior to timothy. With a country which has thus the elements of prosperity within itself, and an intelligent and industrious population, this tribe must, ere long, present the gratifying spectacle of a civilized race. The Government consists of a principal: and assistant Chief, and an Executive Council of five members. There are eight districts, each sending two Committee and three Council men to the Legislature. The Judiciary consists of one Chief Justice and four associate Judges. The Superior Court holds its session annually at Tahlequah, commencing on the first Monday in October. Any Judge of the Supreme Court may call a Court at any time and place, for trial of any person accused of murder. The Cherokee Schools are sixteen in It is stipulated in the treaty of the 6th May, 1823, that the United States will pay $2000 annually to the Cherokees, for ten years, to be expended under the directions of the President of the United States, * A prospectus has been issued for a weekly in the education of their children, in their paper, to be called "The Cherokee Advocate," own country, in letters and mechanic arts; to be published in English and Cherokee, at also, $1000 towards the purchase of a Tahlequah. Editor, W. P. Ross. States shal employ such persons to aid the Osages in their agricultural pursuitsas to him may seem expedient." Under this stipulation, $1200 annually have been Mr. Hitchcock, Mrs. H., Mr. Day, Mrs. || elevate them. The treaty of 1825 proD., Miss Stetson and Miss Moore. Fair- vides that "the President of the United field, Dr. Butler, Mrs. B., Miss Smith. Park Hill, Rev. Mr. Worcester, Mrs. W., Miss Thompson, Miss Avery. Baptists, Cherokee-Rev. E. Jones, Mrs. J., T. Frye, W. P. Upham, Miss S. H. Hib-expended, for the last fifteen years. The bard, H. Upham. Delaware-Miss E. S. bounty of the Government, however, hasMoore; Flint― J. Bushyhead, native not been of any permanent benefit to the preacher. Methodists have among the tribe. The same treaty required fifty-four Upper Cherokees, 10 local preachers, 9 sections of land to be laid off and sold exhorters, 13 class-leaders, and about 600 under the direction of the President of members. Among the Lower Cherokees, the U. S., and the proceeds to be applied 6 local preachers, 6 exhorters, about 700 to the education of Osage children. members. Early in the year 1838, Government made an arrangement, by which they were to be paid $2 per acre for the whole fifty-four sections, 34,560 acres. This commutation has secured to the Osages the sum of $68,129 for educational purposes, a sum, it must be admitted, abundantly adequate for 5510 individuals. The government of this tribe is hereditary chieftancies. Possessing a large territory well supplied with deer, elk, and buffalo, powerful in numbers, courageous in spirit, and enjoying one of the finest climates, the Osages have transmitted their early predatory habits to their descendants of the present day. They are loth to relinquish the wild license of the prairiesthe so-called freedom of the roving Indian. But it is a species of freedom which the settlement of Missouri and Arkansas,‡ and the in-gathering of the semi-civilized tribes from the south and north, has greatly restricted. Game has become comparatively scarce. The day of the hunter is well nigh past in these longitudes. When to this is added the example of the expatriated Indians, in tillage and grazing, their field labours in fencing and erecting houses, their improved modes of dress, their schools, and their advanced state of government and laws, the hope may be indulged that the Osages will also be stimulated to enter for the prize of civilization. 6. The Osages.-This tribe is indigenous, and formerly owned a large part of the territory which is now assigned to others. Their habits and condition have been however, but little benefitted by the use which they have made of their annuities. Their fields are small and badly fenced. Their huts are constructed of poles inserted in the ground, bent together at the top, and covered with bark, mats, &c. ; some of them are covered with buffalo and elk skins. These huts are built in villages, and crowded together without order or arrangement, and destitute of furniture of any kind, except a platform raised about two feet upon stakes set in the ground. This extends along the side of the hut, and may serve for a seat, a table, or a bedstead. Great exertions have been made by the local agents* to induce them to give up their erratic mode of life, and become agriculturists. To this end stock and agricultural implements have been furnished them, and other facilities given, but without any general effects. Among these may be mentioned the building of mills and the erection of well-built cabins for their chiefs. The Osages were, when the whites first knew them, brave, warlike, and, in the Indian sense of the term, in affluent circumstances. They were the hardiest and fiercest enemies of the terrible Sioux. The Government has been and is making the most generous efforts to Some of them. 7. The Senecas consist of three bands, † Some of them have been singularly unfit for their office. And the whiskey so easily attainable. to wit: Senecas 200, Senecas and Shawa-have settled near the Sauks, on the Misnoes 211, Mohawks 50; in all, 461. The sissippi, and manifest a design to remain lands of the Senecas adjoin those of the there. .. By the treaty of 1833, Cherokees on the south, and, abutting on they are allowed the sum of $70,000 for the Missouri border the distance of 13 purposes of education and the encouragemiles, extend northward to the Neosho ment of the useful arts. Also by the River. The lands of the mixed band of same treaty, is secured to them the sum Senecas and Shawanoes extend north of $150,000 to be applied to the erection between the State of Missouri and Neosho of mills, farm-houses, Indian houses, and River so far as to include 60,000 acres. blacksmiths' shops-to the purchase of These people also are in some measure agricultural implements and live stock, civilized. Most of them speak English. and for the support of physicians, millers, They have fields enclosed with rail-fences, farmers, and blacksmiths, which the Presand raise corn and vegetables sufficient ident of the United States shall think for their own use. They own about 800 proper to appoint to their service. The horses, 1200 cattle, 13 yoke of oxen, 200 Romanists have a Mission on Sugar hogs, 5 wagons, and 67 ploughs-dwell Creek, with schools, both male and fein neat hewed log-cabins, erected by them- male. The boys' school numbers 61 scholselves, and furnished with bedsteads, ars. The female Academy has 61 pupils, chairs, tables, &c., of their own manufac- 40 of whom may be called regular. Rev. ture, and own one grist and saw mill, Dr. Verryett, Rector, assisted by Rev. erected at the expense of the United C. Hoecken, Rev. A. Eysvogels, Mr. A. States. Magelli, five ladies of the order of the "Sacred Heart," and two schoolmasters. The Rev. R. Simmerwell and Mrs. S. (Baptists) have services at Potawatomie. The band of Quapaws was originally connected with the Osages. Their lands lie immediately north of the Senecas and Shawanoes, and extend north between the State of Missouri on the east, and Neosho River on the west, so far as to include 96,000 acres. Their country is southeast of and near to the country of the Osages. Their habits are somewhat more improved, and their circumstances more comfortable than those of the last named tribe. . . The Weas and Piankeshaws are bands of Miamis. Their country lies north of the Pottawatomies, adjoins the State of Missouri on the east, the Shawanoes on the north, and the Peorias and Kaskaskias on the west, and contains 16,000 acres. Their people own a few cattle and swine. About one half their dwellings are constructed of logs; the remainder of bark, in the old native style. Their fields are enclosed with rails, and they cultivate Among the Quapaws there is a Methodist Mission, and a school, which was opened 27th March, 1843, with 9 scholars-soon increased to 16-subsequently to 23; average number of attendants, 16. Conducted on the manual labour system. Rev. S. G. Patterson, Super-ately north of the State of Missouri, and west intendent of the School. mies possess five millions of acres of land on *The Chippewas, Ottowas, and Pottawatothe north side of the Missouri River, immedi The Pottawatomies, in emigrating to the west, have unfortunately been divided into bands. One thousand or fifteen hundred have located themselves on the north-east side of the Missouri River, 240 miles from the country designated by Government as their permanent residence. Negociations have been had to effect their removal to their own lands, but without success. About fifteen hundred others-Extract from the Report of R. S. Elliott, Esq. of the lands recently ceded to the United States |