a new tower at, Sep. 29, 1853-arrives there, Sept. 6, 1855-receives there by electric telegraph the news of the fall of Sebastopol, Sept. 10.

BALSHAM, Hugo de, bp. of Ely, founds Peter-
house college, Cambridge, 1284.
BALTI, the royal Visigothic race. See
BAUTO.

BALTIC, Waldemar II., king of Denmark, conquers nearly all the southern coast, 1218-Hanse Towns of, support the duke of Holstein, against Erik, 1426-Wallenstein conquers the German coast, and is appointed admiral of the Baltic, 1628 --an English merchant fleet returning from, captured by the French, Aug. 1705 -a fleet under Sir John Norris, sent, 1715-under Sir George Byng, 1717another under Sir Charles Wager, 1726ships from, perform quarantine to guard against the cholera, June 10, 1831. BALTIC fleet, the British, sails from Spithead, under Sir Charles Napier, March 7, 1854-another division follows under Admiral Corry, March 16-blockades the gulf of Finland, April 12-bombards and captures Bomarsund, June 21, and Aug. 16-leaves the Baltic for the winter, Dec. 7-sails again, under admiral Dundas, April 4, 1855-bombards Sweaborg, Aug.

9.

BALTIC fleet, the Russian, collected at Cronstadt, June 12, 1853-not one of their ships to be seen in the open sea, 1854. BALTIMORE, Lord, settles a colony of English Catholics in Maryland, 1632. BALTIMORE, in Maryland, unsuccessfully attacked by general Ross, Sept. 13, 1814. BALZAC, one of the founders of the Académie Française, 1635.

BALZAC, M. de, death of, 1850. BAMBERG, Berenger and his queen imprisoned at, 964-he dies there, 966-the design of Henry II. of Germany to erect a bishopric there, is opposed by the bishop of Würtzburg, 1006-it is founded, 1007-dedication of the church, 1011Melo retires there, from Italy, and dies, 1020-Conrad III. dies there, Feb. 15, 1152-Philip, emperor of Germany, assassinated at, 1208 -secularized and given to Bavaria, 1803.

Danes, 812.

BANCROFT, George, American historian, b. 1800.

BANCROFT, Richard, abp. of Canterbury, 1604 treats the Puritans very harshly, d. 1610.

BANCROFT'S Hospital, founded by the Drapers' Company, 1735.

BANDA Oriental, the, forms the republic of Uraguay, 1828.

BANGOR, bp. of. See HOADley. BANIM, John, b. 1800-d. 1842. BANK of England, originated by Act of Parliament, April 25, 1694-foundation laid of a new edifice for the, in Threadneedle Street, Aug. 3, 1732-opened, June 5, 1734-issues £15 and £10 notes, March 31, 1759-its charter renewed, June 1, 1781 -restricted from cash payments by an order in council, Feb. 26, 1797-the Bank. Restriction Act passed, and one pound notes issued, March; silver tokens issued, Jan. 1, 1798-the Restriction Act renewed, April 9, 1802-depreciation of bank notes, 1810-discussions on resuming cash payments, 1811-Lord Stanhope's act passed, July 2; Peel's act for the resumption of cash payments passed, 1819-the bank anticipates the period fixed by parliament, and commences payment in specie,1821-lowers the rate of discount to 4 per cent., June 20, 1822-Peel's act comes into operation, May 2, 1823-issues £1 and £2 notes, to relieve commercial distress, Dec. 16, 1852. BANK discount. See DisCOUNT. BANK, dividend, the half yearly, reduced from five to four per cent., March 30, 1823.

BANK of England notes, first forgery of, by Richard Vaughan, March, 27, 1758; numerous; thirty-eight prosecutions for this crime at Old Bailey sessions, Sept. 11, 1818 two juries refuse to convict, Dec. 5-thirty-five bills found, Apr. 11,

1821.

BAMBOROUGH, built by Ida, 547-Penda, k. of Mercia, endeavours to burn it, but fails, 651-taken by the Danes, queen Margaret and her French auxiliaries escape shipwreck at, 1463. BANBURY, or Beranbyrig, victory of Cynric and Ceawlin at, 556-Herbert, the newly created earl of Pembroke, is defeated near, July 26, 1469.

BANKS, city and country, failure of many, Dec. 1825.

BANKS, in the United States, suspend payment in specie, 1839-are opposed by the, president Van Buren, 1840.

BANKS, Branch, of the Bank of England, established, 1828.

BANKS, Joint Stock, Act for the regulation of them, passed, 1826.

BANKS, Savings'. See SAVINGS' BANKS, and WAKEFIELD, Priscilla. BANKS, Joseph, b. 1743-accompanies Cook on his first voyage of discovery, 1768plants brought by him from the South Sea Islands, placed in Kew gardens, Aug. 1, 1771-is made a baronet, and president of the Royal Society, 1778-d. 1820. BANNISTER, C., the actor, b. 1741-d. 1804. BANNISTER, John, b. 1760-d. 1836. BANNER, a Swedish general, gains the battle of Wittstock, 1636-is driven back into Pomerania by Gallas, 1638-defeats Gallas and approaches Vienna, 1639-defeats De Werth, and nearly surprises the emperor and the Diet at Ratisbon, 1640 d. 1641.

BANNOCKBURN, battles of; Edward II. defeated by Robert Bruce, June 25, 1314James III. defeated by his barons, 1488.

BANQUET of Sir John Pikard, to Edward III., the Black prince, and three foreign kings, 1363-of Sir Thomas Gresham, to Qu. Elizabeth, on opening the Royal Exchange, 1570-civic, to the prince regent, the emperor of Russia, the king of Prussia, and other distinguished foreigners, June 18, 1814-in Westminster Hall, at the coronation, discontinued, 1831-of the Goldsmiths' company, to lord Gough, on his return from India, April 24, 1850-to queen Victoria and prince Albert, to celebrate the Exhibition, July 9, 1851. BANQUETING HOUSE, Whitehall, built by James I., 1607,

BANTRY, the earl of, b. 1767-d. 1851. BANTRY BAY, seven French ships arrive in, Dec. 26, 1796-return to Brest. BAPHEON, near Nicomedia, Othman defeats the emperor Andronicus at, 1301. BAPTISMAL regeneration, disputes on, 1849 -meeting of clergy to uphold the doctrine, March 18, 1850.

BAR, the count of, goes to the crusade with Theobald, k.of Navarre, 1239-the duchy of, given with that of Lorraine to Stanislas Leczinsky for his life, 1735-at his death annexed to France, 1766. BAR, CONFEDERATION OF, in Poland, 1768supplied with money by France; attempt to seize the person of the king, 1771dispersed by Austria, Prussia, and Russia, 1772,

BAR LE DUC, seized by Eudes, count of Champagne, 1037.

BAR SUR AUBE, occupied by the allied army, Jan. 24, 1814.

BARAGUAY D'HILLIERS, appointed to the

BARBAROSSA, Hayraddin, founds the piratical states of Barbary, 1518-defeats the Venetian fleet at Prevesa, 1538--assists the French at the siege of Nice, 1543d. 1546.

BARBARUS, consul of Rome, 157.
BARBARY, piratical States of, founded by
Horuc and Hayraddin Barbarossa, 1518.
See BERBERS.

BARBATIO, master of the horse under
Julian in Gaul, 357.

BARBATUS, L. Horat., military tribune of Rome, B.C. 424.

BARBATUS, T. Horatius, consul of Rome, 449.

BARBATUS, T. Quintius, consul of Rome, B.C. 471, 468, 465, 446, 443, 439. BARBAULD, Mrs. Lætitia, b. Aikin, 1743-d. 1825.

BARBES, a leader of the Parisian communists, arrested, May 15, 1848-condemned by the tribunal of Bourges to transportation for life, April 2, 1849. BARBOLANO, Pietro, doge of Venice, 1026deposed, 1031.

BARBULA, L. Æmilius, consul of Rome, invades Tarentum, B.C. 281.

BARBULA, M. Æmilius, consul of Rome, B.C. 230.

BARBULA, Q. Æmilius, consul of Rome, B.C. 317, 311.

BARCELONA, City of, taken by the Saracens,

712-by Charlemagne, 778-retaken by the generals of Hixem, 791-by the Franks,797-surrenders to Louis of Aquitaine, 801-taken by Abderahman II.,822 -by Alinansor, 984-its cathedral built, 1299-Peter IV., k. of Aragon, dies there, Jan. 5, 1387-and John of Anjou, Dec. 16, 1470-also John II., king of Aragon and Navarre, Jan. 19, 1479-Ferdinand and Isabella receive Columbus there, April 15, 1493-Loyola studies there, 1524-treaty of, concluded, June 29, 1529-taken by Don John of Austria, Oct. 13, 1652-bombarded by the French fleet, 1691-invested by French sea and land forces, is saved by the English fleet under Russell, 1694-taken by the duke of Vendôme, and restored to Spain by

BARCELONA-continued.

the treaty of Ryswick, 1697-attacked without success by Sir George Rooke, May 18, 1704-besieged by the earl of Peterborough, Aug. 22; surrenders Oct. 4, 1705-hard pressed by the French and Spaniards, Sir John Leake and the earl of Peterborough compel them to raise the siege, May 11, 1706-Charles of Austria embarks there for Germany, Sept. 27, 1711-resists PhilipV., 1713-surrenders to the duke of Berwick, Sept. 12, 1714death of Mina, and massacre of Carlist prisoners at, 1836-revolts, Nov. 13; and is bombarded by Espartero, Dec. 3, 1842. BARCELONA, county or marquisate of, made independent by Bernard, duke of Languedoc, 834; united to Aragon by the marriage of count Raymond to Petronilla, 1137. See ARAGON.

BARCHOCHEBAS, the leader of the Jews, maintains a fierce conflict with Ticinius Rufus, the governor of Judea, 132-persecutes the Christians who refuse to join him, 134-Julius Severus is called from Britain to take the command against him; the rebellion suppressed, 135. BARCLAY, Capt., performs his pedestrian feat, 1809.

BARCLAY, Robert, b. 1648-publishes his Apology for Quakerism, 1676-d. 1690. BARCLAY, Sir George, engages in a plot against k. William III., 1695. BARCLAY'S BREWERY, general Haynau assaulted at, Sept. 4, 1850. BARDANES, proclaimed emperor by the people of Cherson, under the name of Philippicus, 711-occasions great discontent by endeavouring to annul the acts of the sixth general council, 712assassinated, 713.

BARDAS, Phocas, revolts against John Zimisces, 970-is called from Chios to support Basil II. against Bardas Sclerus, 978 revolts again, 987 defeat and death, 989. BARDAS, Sclerus, defeats the Bulgarians, 971-revolts and takes Nice, 978-defeat and flight of, 980-submits, 989-d. soon after.

BARDAS, uncle of Michael III., appointed Cæsar; procures the patriarchate of Constantinople for Photius, 857-assassinated by Basil the Macedonian, 866. BARDNEY, in Lindsey, destroyed by the Danes, 869.

BARDOLF, Lord, defeated and slain at Bramham by Sir Thomas Rokesby, 1407. BAREBONES' parliament, assembled by Cromwell, July 4; resign their authority, Dec. 12, 1653.

BAREE Doab, general Wheeler defeats Kam Singh at, Jan. 16, 1849.

BARENWALD, treaty of, between France, Sweden, Holland, and the German Protestants, against the emperor and Spain, 1631.

BARFLEUR, Wm., duke of Normandy, embarks at, to invade England, 1066prince William, son of Henry I., drowned at, Nov. 26, 1120-taken by Edward III., 1346.

BARI, the Saracens establish themselves at, 842-besieged without success by Louis, king of Italy, 852-by the Beneventines, 856-the Saracens of, ravage southern Italy, 865-Louis II. begins the siege of, 868-the emperor Basil I. sends a fleet to assist him, 869--the Saracens try to relieve it, but are repulsed, 870-the town is captured, 871-the troops of Basil being called to defend the citizens against the Saracens, retain possession of the place, and found a new province of the eastern empire, 876-besieged by the Saracens and relieved by the Venetians, 1002-Melo revolts there, against the Greek catapan Basilius, 1011-Reyca continues the revolt, 1029-besieged by Robert Guiscard, 1067-attempt to assassinate him in his tent before, 1069-the place surrenders to him, 1071-Urban II. holds a council there, to condemn the doctrines of the Greek church, 1098-taken by Michael Palæologus, 1155-recovered by William I., k. of Sicily, 1156.

BARING, Alexander, b. 1775-heads a public meeting of London merchants, to petition for Free Trade, May 8, 1820. See ASHBURTON, LORD.

BARING, Francis, an eminent merchant, commits suicide, 1810. BARING, Henry, d. 1848.

BARING, Sir Thomas, b. 1773-d. 1848. BARKAN, the Turks are defeated at, 1683. BARKIAROK, Malek Shah's son, recovers

Syria from his uncle Thuthusch, prince of Damascus, 1095.

BARKSTEAD, Barstead or Berkstead, one of the judges of Charles I., seized at Delft in Holland, and brought to England, April 16; executed, April 19, 1662. BARLAAM, a Calabrian monk, secret mission of, from CP. to Avignon; he teaches Petrarch Greek, and brings into the West the literature of Greece, 1339controversy with the monks of Mount Athos, 1341-Petrarch obtains for him the bishopric of Gerace, 1345. BARLOW, Sir George, administers the government of India, 1805-succeeded by Lord Minto, 1807.

BARMECIDES, the, murdered by Haroun al Raschid, 802.

BARNABAS, sent from Jerusalem to inquire

BASIL I.-continued.

sa and Dalmatia against the Saracens, 868 sends a fleet to assist in the siege of Bari, and offers terms to the Paulicians, which they reject, 869-drives them out of Asia Minor, and besieges Tephrice, 870-disciplines the army, improves the finances, and reforms the empire, 872diverts Louis of Germany from revenging the insult of Adelgiso, 873-recovers many provinces of Asia Minor from the Saracens, 874-retains Bari, and founds a Greek province in Italy; defeats the Saracens in Cappadocia and Syria, 876 -revises the laws of Justinian, and puts them into the Greek form of the Basilika; restores Photius, 877-death of his eldest son, Constantine VIII., 879―d. Mar. 1, 886.

BASIL II., Son of Romanus II. and Theophano, is taken as colleague by John Zimisces, 969-becomes actual emperor, with his brother, 976-defeats the Bulgarians, 988-defeats the Saracens in Syria, 996-conquers Bulgaria, 1000renews the war; gains more victories, and treats his prisoners barbarously, 1014-1016-finally subdues the Bulgarians, 1018-d. 1025. See BARDAS, PHOCAS, and SCLERUS.

BASIL, emperor of Trebizond, 1332-d. 1340.
BASIL I., patriarch of CP., 970.

BASIL II., patriarch of CP., 1183.
BASILICA of the Lateran, restored by pope
Sergius III., 907.

BASILICON DORON, a work published by James VI. of Scotland; republished on his accession to the English throne, 1603. BASILIIDES. See IWAN IV., czar of Russia. BASILIDES, teaches his form of Gnosticism at Alexandria, 134.

BASILIKA. See BASIL, the Macedonian. BASILIO BUGIANO, or BASILIUS BOJANUS, Greek catapan, resists the revolt of Melo, at Bari, 1011-proceeds with a large force against him and the Normans in Apulia, 1018-defeats them at Cannæ, 1019-takes the fort of Garigliano, 1021.

BASILISCUS, Consul of Rome, 465-commands the expedition against Genseric, which fails through his misconduct, 468 -incited to rebel by Verina, widow of Leo I., and usurps the throne, 475-consul II., 476-deposed, banished to Cappadocia, and d. there, 477. BASILIUS, bp. of Ancyra, 336. BASILIUS, bp. of Antioch, 456. BASILIUE, studies at Athens, 355-bp. of Cæsarea, 370-gives to his friend, Gregory of Nazianzus, the see of Sasima, 371-replies to Eunomius, 372-recommends Amphilochius as bp. of Iconium, 373-d. 380.

BASILIUS of Cilicia, writes his Hist. Ecc., 520.

BASILIUS. See BASILIO BUGIANO. BASILIUS, Fl. Cæcina, consul of Rome, 463. BASILIUS, consul of Rome, 480. BASILIUS, the last consul appointed by Justinian I.; a series of years follows, dated from his consulship, 541. BASKERVILLE, John, of Birmingham, printer, b. 1706-d. 1775.

BASKERVILLE, Sir Thomas, sent by Qu. Elizabeth with an army to assist Henry IV., 1596.

BASLE, joins the Union of the cities of the Rhine, 1250-opening of the Eighteenth General Council at, under the presidency of Julius Cesarino, July 23, 1431-its first session, Dec. 14-declares itself superior to the pope, and takes into consideration various reforms, 1431-Eugenius IV. commands them to assemble at Bologna; they disobey, and continue their sittings at Basle, 1432-make concessions to the Hussites, 1433-limit and define the papal authority, 1434-abolish annats, 1435 summon the pope to appear and answer the charges against him; he answers by a Bull, dissolving the council, 1437-they continue sitting, declare Eugenius contumacious, and decree a suspension of his authority, 1438-depose the pope, and renew the schism of the church, by electing Amadeus of Savoy pope, as Felix V., 1439-close of the council, 1443-university of, founded, 1460-treaty of, between the emperor Maximilian and the Swiss, 1499-joins the Swiss confederacy, 1501-reformation at, completed by Ecolampadius, 1529 -treaty of, between the king of Prussia and the French republic, Apr. 5-and with Spain, July 22, 1795-democratic agitation in, 1830.

BASNAGE, Samuel, d. 1691. BASQUE PROVINCES, in Spain, reduced by Rechesuinthus, k. of the Visigoths, 667. BASQUE ROADS, a French fleet destroyed in, by Sir Edw. Hawke, 1758; and another by lords Gambier and Cochrane, Apr. 12, 1809.

BASSEUS, prætorian prefect, 168. BASSEIN, treaty of, with the Peishwa, Dec. 31, 1802 taken by the British, May 19, 1852.

BASSIANUS, the original name of Caracalla, 196-and of Elagabalus, 218.

BASSIGNANO, battle of; a papal and Neapolitan army defeated, by Marco Visconte, 1322. BASSORAH, founded, 636-Moawiyah fails in his attempt to take, 659. BASSUS, consul of Rome, 211. BASSUS, consul of Rome, 258, 259. BASSUS, consul of Rome, 331.