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avoidable &c. Here are two examples of men most differently gifted: each pursuing his calling; each speaking his truth as God bade him; each honest in his life; just and irreproachable in his dealings; dear to his friends; honoured by his country; beloved at his fireside. It has been the fortunate lot of each to give incalculable happiness and delight to the world, which thanks them in return with an immense

From an otherwise unaccountable association of him with a fiddle, we conclude that he was of French extraction, and his name Fidèle. He belonged to some female, chiefly inhabiting 5 a back-parlour, whose life appears to us to have been consumed in sniffing, and in wearing a brown beaver bonnet. For her, he would sit up and balance cake upon his nose, and not eat it until twenty had been counted. To the

kindliness, respect, affection. It may not be 10 best of our belief we were once called in to

witness this performance; when, unable even in his milder moments, to endure our presence, he instantly made at us, cake and all.

our chance, brother scribe, to be endowed with such merit, or rewarded with such fame. But the rewards of these men are rewards paid to our service. We may not win the baton or epaulettes;13 but God give us strength to guard 15 Frost," should still connect itself with our the honour of the flag!

Charles Dickens

1812-1870

OUR SCHOOL

(From Household Words, 1852)

Why a something in mourning, called "Miss preparatory school, we are unable to say. We retain no impression of the beauty of Miss Frost-if she were beautiful; or of the mental fascinations of Miss Frost-if she were ac20 complished; yet her name, and her black dress hold an enduring place in our remembrance. An equally impersonal boy, whose name has long since shaped itself unalterably into "Master Mawls," is not to be dislodged from 25 our brain. Retaining no vindictive feeling towards Mawls-no feeling whatever, indeedwe infer that neither he nor we can have loved Miss Frost. Our first impression of Death and Burial is associated with this formless pair.

We went to look at it, only this last Midsummer, and found that the railway had cut it up root and branch. A great trunk-line had swallowed the play-ground, sliced away the schoolroom, and pared off the corner of 30 We all three nestled awfully in a corner one the house, which thus curtailed of its proportions, presented itself, in a green stage of stucco, profilewise towards the road, like a forlorn flatiron without a handle, standing on end.

wintry day, when the wind was blowing shrill, with Miss Frost's pinafore over our heads; and Miss Frost told us in a whisper about somebody being "screwed down." It is the only 35 distinct recollection we preserve of these impalpable creatures, except a suspicion that the manners of Master Mawls were susceptible of much improvement. Generally speaking, we may observe that whenever we see a child

of all other subjects of interest, our mind reverts in a flash to Master Mawls.

It seems as if our schools were doomed to be the sport of change. We have faint recollections of a Preparatory Day-School, which we have sought in vain, and which must have been pulled down to make a new street, ages 40 intently occupied with its nose, to the exclusion ago. We have dim impressions, scarcely amounting to a belief, that it was over a dyer's shop. We know that you went up steps to it; that you frequently grazed your knees in doing so; that you generally got your leg over 45 the scraper, in trying to scrape the mud off a very unsteady little shoe. The mistress of the establishment holds no place in our memory; but rampant on one eternal door-mat, in an eternal entry long and narrow, is a puffy pug- 50 dog, with a personal animosity towards us, who triumphs over Time. The bark of that baleful Pug, a certain radiating way he had of snapping at our undefended legs, the ghastly grinning of his moist black muzzle and white 55 teeth, and the insolence of his crisp tail curled like a pastoral crook, all live and flourish.

13 May not become commanding generals or even officers. The baton is the field marshal's staff.

But, the School that was our School before the Railroad came and overthrew it, was quite another sort of place. We were old enough to be put into Virgil when we went there, and to get prizes for a variety of polishing on which the rust has long accumulated. It was a School of some celebrity in its neighbourhood—nobody could have said why-and we had the honour to attain and hold the eminent position of first boy. The master was supposed among us to know nothing, and one of the ushers was supposed to know everything. We are still inclined to think the first-named supposition perfectly correct.

We have a general idea that its subject had been in the leather trade, and had bought usmeaning our school-of another proprietor,

him for the Spanish Main; but nothing certain was ever known about his disappearance. At this hour we cannot thoroughly disconnect him from California.

Our School was rather famous for mysterious pupils. There was another-a heavy young man, with a large double-cased silver watch, and a fat knife, the handle of which was a perfect tool-box-who unaccountably appeared

who was immensely learned. Whether this belief had any real foundation, we are not likely ever to know now. The only branches of education with which he showed the least acquaintance, were, ruling and corporally 5 punishing. He was always ruling cipheringbooks with a bloated mahogany ruler, or smiting the palms of offenders with the same diabolical instrument, or viciously drawing a pair of pantaloons tight with one of his large 10 one day at a special desk of his own, erected hands, and caning the wearer with the other. We have no doubt whatever that this occupation was the principal solace of his existence. A profound respect for money pervaded Our School, which was of course, derived from 15 unless to give us a depreciatory kick, or grimly

close to that of the Chief, with whom he held familiar converse. He lived in the parlour, and went out for walks, and never took the least notice of us-even of us, the first boy

to take our hat off and throw it away, when he encountered us out of doors, which unpleasant ceremony he always performed as he passednot even condescending to stop for the purpose. Some of us believed that the classical attainments of this phenomenon were terrific, but that his penmanship and arithmetic were defective, and he had come there to mend them; others, that he was going to set up a school, and had paid the Chief "twenty-five pound down," for leave to see Our School at work. The gloomier spirits even said that he was going to buy US, against which contingency conspiracies were set on foot for a general defection and running away. However, he never did that. After staying for a quarter, during which period, though closely observed, he was never seen to do anything but make pens out of quills, write small-hand in a secret portfolio, and punch the point of the sharpest blade in his knife into his desk all over it, he too disappeared, and his place knew him no

its Chief. We remember an idiotic goggleeyed boy, with a big head, and half-crowns without end, who suddenly appeared as a parlour-boarder, and was rumoured to have come by sea from some mysterious part of the 20 earth where his parents rolled in gold. He was usually called "Mr." by the Chief, and was said to feed in the parlour on steaks and gravy; likewise to drink currant wine. And he openly stated that if rolls and coffee were ever denied 25 him at breakfast, he would write home to that unknown part of the globe from which he had come, and cause himself to be recalled to the regions of gold. He was put into no form or class, but learnt alone, as little as he liked-30 and he liked very little-and there was a belief among us that this was because he was too wealthy to be "taken down." His special treatment, and our vague association of him with the sea, and with storms, and sharks, and 35 Coral Reefs occasioned the wildest legends to be circulated as his history. A tragedy in blank verse was written on the subject-if our memory does not deceive us, by the hand There was another boy, a fair, meek boy, that now chronicles these recollections-in 40 with a delicate complexion, and rich curling which his father figured as a Pirate, and was shot for a voluminous catalogue of atrocities: first imparting to his wife the secret of the cave in which his wealth was stored, and from which his only son's half-crowns now issued. 45 was the son of a Viscount who had deserted Dumbledon (the boy's name) was represented as "yet unborn" when his brave father met his fate; and the despair and grief of Mrs. Dumbledon at that calamity was movingly shadowed forth as having weakened the par- so lour-boarder's mind. This production was received with great favour, and was twice performed with closed doors in the dining-room, But, it got wind, and was seized as libellous, and brought the unlucky poet into severe do affliction. Some two years afterwards, all of a sudden one day, Dumbledon vanished. 11 om t was whispered that the Chief him if fondan hay taken him down to the Docks, and resto W

[graphic]

he lived upon it all the time he was at Our School.

among us as equivalent to a declaration. We were of opinion on that occasion, that to the The principal currency of Our School was last moment he expected Maxby's father to slate pencil. It had some inexplicable value, ask him to dinner at five o'clock, and therethat was never ascertained, never reduced to 5 fore neglected his own dinner at half-past one, a standard. To have a great hoard of it, was and finally got none. We exaggerated in our somehow to be rich. We used to bestow it in imaginations the extent to which he punished charity, and confer it as a precious boon upon Maxby's father's cold meat at supper; and our chosen friends. When the holidays were we agreed to believe that he was elevated with coming, contributions were solicited for cer- 10 wine and water when he came home. But,

tain boys whose relatives were in India, and who were appealed for under the generic names of "Holiday-stoppers," appropriate marks of remembrance that should enliven and cheer

we all liked him; for he had a good knowledge of boys, and would have made it a much better school if he had had more power. He was writing-master, mathematical master, English

them in their homeless state. Personally, we 15 master, made out the bills, mended the pens, always contributed these tokens of sympathy in the form of slate pencil, and always felt that it would be a comfort and a treasure to them.

and did all sorts of things. He divided the little boys with the Latin master (they were smuggled through their rudimentary books, at odd times when there was nothing else to do), and always called at parents' houses to inquire after sick boys, because he had gentlemanly manners. He was rather musical, and on some remote quarter-day had bought an old trombone; but a bit of it was lost, and it

Our School was remarkable for white mice. 20 Red-polls, linnets, and even canaries, were kept in desks, drawers, hat-boxes, and other strange refuges for birds, but white mice were the favourite stock. The boys trained the mice, much better than the masters trained the 25 made the most extraordinary sounds when he

boys. We recall one white mouse, who lived in the cover of a Latin dictionary, who ran up ladders, drew Roman chariots, shouldered muskets, turned wheels, and made even a very

sometimes tried to play it of an evening. His holidays never began (on account of the bills) until long after ours; but, in the summer vacations he used to take pedestrian excursions

creditable appearance on the stage as the Dog 30 with a knapsack; and at Christmas-time he

of Montargis.1 He might have achieved greater things, but for having the misfortune to mistake his way in a triumphal procession

to the Capitol, when he fell into a deep ink

went to see his father at Chipping Norton, who we all said (on no authority) was a dairy-fedpork-butcher. Poor fellow! He was very low all day on Maxby's sister's wedding-day, and

stand, and was dyed black and drowned. The 35 afterwards was thought to favour Maxby

more than ever, though he had been expected to spite him. He has been dead these twenty years. Poor fellow!

Our remembrance of Our School, presents

mice were the occasion of some most ingenious engineering, in the construction of their houses and instruments of performance. The famous one belonged to a Company of proprietors, some of whom have since made Railroads, 40 the Latin master as a colourless, doubled-up, Engines, and Telegraphs; the chairman has erected mills and bridges in New Zealand.

The usher at Our School, who was considered to know everything, as opposed to the Chief, who was considered to know 45 nothing, was a bony, gentle-faced, clericallooking young man in rusty black.

It was

whispered that he was sweet upon one of
Maxby's sisters (Maxby lived close by, and
was a day pupil), and further that he "favoured 50
Maxby." As we remember, he taught Italian
to Maxby's sisters on half-holidays. He once
went to the play with them, and wore a white
waistcoat, and a rose; which was considered

1 Aubrey of Montdidier was murdered in 1371. He had 55 a dog, Dragon, who after the murder showed a marked dislike toward one, Richard of Macaire. Suspicion was aroused, and Richard of Macaire was condemned to judicial combat with the dog. He was mortally wounded, and before dying confessed the crime. A bronze group at Montargis, France, commemorates the dog.

near-sighted man with a crutch, who was always cold, and always putting onions into his ears for deafness, and always disclosing ends of flannel under all his garments, and almost always applying a ball of pocket-handkerchief to some part of his face with a screwing action round and round. He was a very good scholar, and took great pains where he saw intelligence and a desire to learn: otherwise, perhaps not. Our memory presents him (unless teased into a passion) with as little energy as colour-as having been worried and tormented into monotonous feebleness-as having had the best part of his life ground out of him in a Mill of boys. We remember with terror how he fell asleep one sultry afternoon with the little smuggled class before him, and awoke not when the foot-step of the Chief fell heavy on the floor; how the Chief aroused him, in the

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NE OLD COACH ROADS OF ENGLAND
From the Introduction to Felix Holt, 1866)
Five-and-thirty years ago the glory had

yet departed from the old coach roads: De great road-side inns were still brilliant with u-9 weil polished tankards, the smiling glances of by barmaids, and the repartees of jocose Postiers: the mail still announced itself by the herry notes of the horn; the hedge-cutter or the rick-thatcher might still know the exact Sour by the unfailing yet otherwise meteoric apparition of the pea-green Tally-ho or the vedow Independent; and elderly gentlemen 'n peny chaises, quartering2 nervously to make way for the rolling, swinging swiftness, had Wrer yer ceased to remark that times were Snely changed since they used to see the packherses and hear the tinkling of their bells on is very highway.

In those days there were pocket-boroughs,3 a. Sa Birmingham unrepresented in Parliament and ovmpelled to make strong representations out 207, unrepealed corn-laws, three-and-sixpenny cers & brawny and many-breeding paueris, and other departed evils; but there @vere some pleasant things, too, which have so departed. Non omnia grandior ætas quae guanas udelő says the wise goddess: you have not the best of it in all things, oh younger the elderly man has his enviable mem100s and not the least of them is the memory x a long journey in midspring or autumn on re su side of a stage-coach. Posterity may be dot, like a bullet, through a tube, by atmusedere pressure from Winchester to Newve sode that is a fine result to have among our 1.2. soeur 1830), when travel by the railway had but

LA Nouga Naciled by one man, which, as it were, sock26. There were many of them, and st haves e Birmingham that were unrepThe zaactment of the Reform Bill in 1832.

Ame & cost three shillings and six pence

me does not hold all those things which ཕན་hམ་ས་སྙ་ན་མདོན་ The passage is from Ovid's Meawise goddess is Minerva.

blossomed, ruby-berried night-shade, of the wild convolvulus climbing and spreading in tendrilled strength till it made a great curtain of pale-green hearts and white trumpets, of 5 the many-tubed honeysuckle, which, in its most delicate fragrance, hid a charge more subtle and penetrating than beauty. Even if it were winter the hedgerows showed their coral, the scarlet haws, the deep-crimson hips, 10 with lingering brown leaves to make a resting place for the jewels of the hoar-frost. Such hedgerows were often as tall as the laborers' cottages dotted along the lanes, or clustered into a small hamlet, their little dingy windows telling, like thick-filmed eyes, of nothing but the darkness within. The passenger on the coach-box, bowled along above such a hamlet, saw chiefly the roofs of it: probably it turned its back on the road, and seemed to lie away from everything but its own patch of earth and sky, away from the parish church by long fields and green lanes, away from all intercourse except that of tramps. If its face could be seen it was most likely dirty; but the dirt was Protestant dirt, and the big, bold, gin-breathing tramps were Protestant tramps. There was no sign of superstition near, no crucifix or image near to indicate a misguided reverence: the inhabitants were probably so free from superstition that they were in much less awe of the parson than of the overseer. Yet they were saved from the excesses of Protestantism by not knowing how to read, and by the absence of hand-looms and mines to be the pioneers of Dissent, they were kept safely in the via media11 of indifference, and could have registered themselves in the census by a big black mark as members of the Church of England.

hopes; but the slow, old-fashioned way of
getting from one end of our country to the
other is the better thing to have in the memory.
The tube-journey can never lend much of a
picture and narrative; it is as barren as an
exclamatory O! Whereas the happy outside
passenger seated on the box from the dawn
to the gloaming gathered enough stories of
English life, enough of English labors in town
and country, enough aspects of earth and sky, 10
to make episodes for a modern Odyssey. Sup-
pose only that his journey took him through
that central plain,' watered at one extremity
by the Avon, at the other by the Trent. As
the morning silvered the meadows with their 15
long lines of bushy willows marking the water-
courses, or burnished the golden corn-ricks
clustered near the long roofs of some midland
homestead, he saw the full-uddered cows
driven from their early pasture to the milking. 20
Perhaps it was the shepherd, head-servant of
the farm, who drove them, his sheep-dog fol-
lowing with a heedless, unofficial air as of a
beadle in undress. The shepherd with a slow
and slouching walk, timed by the walk of 25
grazing beasts, moved aside, as if unwillingly,
throwing out a monosyllabic hint to his cattle;
his glance, accustomed to rest on things very
near the earth, seemed to lift itself with dif-
ficulty to the coachman. Mail or stage coach 30
for him belonged to that mysterious distant
system of things called "Gover'ment," which,
whatever it might be, was no business of his,
any more than the most outlying nebula or the
coal-sacks of the southern hemisphere; his 35
solar system was the parish; the master's
temper and the casualties of lambing-time were
his region of storms. He cut his bread and ba-
con with his pocket-knife, and felt no bitterness
except in the matter of pauper laborers and 40
the bad luck that sent contrarious seasons and
the sheep-rot. He and his cows were soon left
behind, and the homestead too, with its pond
verhung by elder-trees, its untidy kitchen-
garden and cone-shaped yew-tree arbor. But 45
where the bushy hedgerows wasted the
with their straggling beauty, shrouded the
orders of the pastures with cat-kined

tossed their long blackberry
the corn-fields. Perhaps they 50
'h May, or starred with pale-

perhaps the urchins were
mong them, or gathering the
It was worth the journey
gerows, the liberal homes 55
auty of the purple-
England the Midlands,
ty of Shakespeare and

⚫ Hawthorne.

But there were trim cheerful villages, too, with a neat or handsome parsonage and grey church set in the midst; there was the pleasant tinkle of the blacksmith's anvil, the patient cart-horses waiting at his door; the basketmaker peeling his willow wands in the sunshine; the wheelwright putting the last touch to a blue cart with red wheels; here and there a cottage with bright, transparent windows showing pots full of blooming balsams or geraniums, and little gardens in front, all double-daisies or dark wall-flowers; at the well clean and comely women carrying yoked buckets, and toward the free-school small Britons dawdling on, and handling their marbles in the pockets of unpatched corduroys adorned with brass buttons. The land round was rich and marly; 12 great 10 Haws, the fruit of the hawthorne, and hips, the fruit of the rose. 11 The middle way.

12 A soil rich in the mixture of calcium carbonate, clay, and sand.

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