extracts to be sold for the preparation of foods only. Many of the flavors offered for sale are synthetic preparations, resembling the flavor of the article named, and in every such case the label must be true to the character of the preparation. As an illustration, a preparation made from the tonka bean, coumarin, and vanillin can not be sold as "extract of vanilla," but it may be sold if labeled "Imitation vanilla flavor," or "Vanilla and vanillin flavor," or “Vanillin and coumarin flavor," or "Vanilla substitute." The same applies to other flavoring preparations, as imitation pineapple flavor, imitation strawberry flavor, imitation banana flavor, etc. Artificial color should be declared whenever present.

REGULATION 33. Molasses containing glucose. A mixture of molasses with glucose or corn sirup is not molasses, and dealers are notified (or warned) that the offering of such without due notice, in response to calls for "molasses," is fraudulent. In addition to such verbal notice it is suggested that dealers selling molasses-glucose mixture further protect themselves by the posting in their places of business of notices to the effect that "molasses and glucose (or corn sirup) mixture is sold here."

REGULATION 34. Artificially colored bottled soda water. Section 3, Law of 1907, provides that “an article shall be deemed to be adulterated if it be mixed, colored, powdered, coated, or stained in a manner whereby damage or inferiority is concealed;" also, "if it contain any added substance or ingredient that is poisonous or injurious to health."

It is held that the use of aniline or other color in the bottling of so-called "strawberry" or "raspberry" pop is for the deliberate purpose of concealing inferiority, inasmuch as the basis of these products is a colorless artificial ether, the odor of which possesses not more than a faint suggestion of that due to strawberry or raspberry. In addition to this, the amount of dye found in bottled goods of this description is not infrequently enormous and can not fail to have a deleterious effect. Finally, these goods, under the present style of labeling, are plainly misbranded.

REGULATION 35. The labeling of mixtures of cane and maple sirups. When both maple and cane sugars are used in the production of sirup, the label should be varied according to the relative proportion of the ingredients. The name of the sugar present in excess of 50 per cent of the total sugar content should be given the greater prominence on the label-that is, it should be given first. For example, a sirup the sugars of which consist of 51 per cent cane sugar and 49 per cent maple sugar would be properly branded as "Sirup made from cane and maple sugar," or as "Cane and maple sirup." The terms "maple sugar" and "maple sirup" may only be used on the label as part of the name when those substances are present in substantial quantities as ingredients. They should not appear on the label as part of the name when only a small quantity of those substances is used to give a maple flavor to the product. A cane sirup containing only enough maple sirup or maple sugar to give a maple flavor is properly labeled as "Cane sirup, maple flavor," or "Cane sirup flavored with maple."

REGULATION 36. Purchase of samples. (Chapter 269, section 5, Public Statutes.) Any person exposing or offering for sale any drug or article of food is compelled to sell, when so requested, a sample to any duly appointed officer sufficient for the purposes of analysis at the State Laboratory of Hygiene.

REGULATION 37. Standards of purity for food products. Where not otherwise provided, the standards of purity for food products shall be those adopted and in use by the United States Department of Agriculture.

APPENDIX.

CONNECTICUT.

GENERAL FOOD LAWS.

SEC. 1. Adulteration of food for sale. It shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture, transport, sell, or offer for sale or transportation any article of food or drugs which is adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act. SEC. 2. "Food" defined. ** The term "food" as used herein shall include all articles, whether simple, mixed, or compound, used for food, drink, confectionery, or condiment by man or animals.

SEC. 3. Adulteration defined. For the purposes of this act an article shall be deemed to be adulterated: *

In the case of confectionery: If it contains terra alba, barytos, tale, chrome yellow, or other mineral substances or poisonous color or flavor, or other ingredients deleterious or detrimental to health, or any vinous, malt, or spirituous liquor or compound, or narcotic drugs. In the case of foods: First, if any substance has been mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or injuriously affect its quality or strength: Second, if any substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the article: Third, if any valuable constituent of the article has been wholly or in part abstracted therefrom: Fourth, if it be mixed, colored, powdered, coated, or stained in a manner whereby damage or inferiority is concealed: Fifth. if it contains any added poisonous or other added deleterious ingredient which may render such article injurious to health: Sixth, if it consists, in whole or in part, of a filthy, decomposed, or putrid animal or vegetable substance, or any portion of an animal unfit for food, whether manufactured or not, if it is the product of a diseased animal or one that has died otherwise than by slaughter.

SEC. 4. "Misbranded" and · bleud" defined. The term "misbranded" as used in this act shall apply to all drugs or articles of food, or articles which enter into the composition of food, the package or label of which shall bear any statement, design, or device regarding such article, or the ingredients or substances contained therein which shall be false or misleading in any particular, and to any food or drug product which is falsely branded as to the state, territory, or country in which it is manufactured or produced. For the purposes of this act an article also shall be deemed to be misbranded : ** * ac

In the case of foods: First, if it be an imitation of or offered for sale under the distinctive name of another article. Second, if it be labeled or branded so as to deceive or mislead the purchaser, or purport to be a foreign product when not in fact a foreign product, or if the contents of the package as originally put up shall have been removed in whole or in part and other contents shall have

So in Statutes.

been placed in such package, or if it fails to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of morphine, opium, cocaine, alpha or beta eucaine, heroin, chloroform, cannabis indica, chloral hydrate, or acetanilid, or any derivative or preparation of any of the said substances contained therein. Third, if, when in package form and the contents are stated in terms of weight or measure, the weight or measure is not plainly and correctly stated on the outside of the package. Fourth, if the package containing it, or the label of such package, shall bear any statement, design, or device regarding the ingredients or the substance contained therein, which statement, design, or device shall be false or misleading in any particular; provided, that an article of food which does not contain any added poisonous or deleterious ingredients shall not be deemed to be adulterated or misbranded in the following cases: First, in the case of any mixture or compound which may be now or from time to time hereafter known as an article of food under its own distinctive name, and not an imitation of or offered for sale under the distinctive name of another article, if the name be accompanied, on the same label or brand, with a statement of the place where said article has been manufactured or produced. Second, in the case of an article labeled, branded, or tagged so as to plainly indicate that it is a compound, imitation, or blend, and the word “compound,” “imitation," or "blend," as the case may be, is plainly stated on the package in which it is offered for sale; provided, that the term "blend" as used herein shall be construed to mean a mixture of like substances, not excluding harmless coloring or flavoring ingredients, used for the purpose of coloring and flavoring only; and provided, further, that nothing in this act shall be construed as requiring or compelling proprietors or manufacturers of proprietary foods which contain no unwholesome added ingredients to disclose their trade formulae except in so far as the provisions of this act may require to secure freedom from adulteration or misbranding.

SEC. 5. Rules and regulations. The dairy commissioner and the director of the Connecticut agricultural experiment station, acting jointly, shall make uniform rules and regulations for carrying out the provisions of this act, including the collection and examination of specimens of foods and drugs manufactured, sold, transported, or offered for sale or transportation within this state, or which may be submitted for examination by any health, food, or drug, officer of any town, city, or county in the state. Such rules and regulations shall, where possible, conform to and be the same as the rules and regulations adopted, from time to time, for the enforcement of the act of Congress approved June 30, 1906, and known as the " Food and Drugs Act."

SEC. 6. Collection of samples. Under the aforesaid rules and regulations representative samples shall be collected by the dairy commissioner or his deputies, and the Connectient agricultural experiment station or its agents. The dairy commissioner or his deputies and the agents of said agricultural experiment station shall have access, at all reasonable hours, to any place where it is suspected that there is kept for sale or export any article of food or drugs, adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act, and said dairy commissioner or his deputies, and the agents of said agricultural experiment station, upon tendering the market price thereof, may take from any person, firm, or corporation samples of such articles. Samples may be purchased in the open market, and if in bulk, the mark, brands, or tags upon the package, carton, wrapper, or other container and the accompanying printed or written matter shall be noted, and the person collecting such samples shall also note the names of the vendor and the agent through whom the sale was actually made, together with the date of the purchase. Samples shall be divided into three equal parts and each part shall be labeled with identifying

marks; one of said parts shall be delivered to the person from whom the purchase was made, or if a guaranty has been given as hereinafter provided such part shall be delivered to the guarantor, one of said parts shall be sent to the Connecticut agricultural experiment station, and one part shall be held, under seal, by the dairy commissioner. The parts of the samples so divided shall be sealed by the person collecting the same with a seal provided for that purpose.

SEC. 7. Examination of samples; result of analysis certified to dairy commissioner. It shall be the duty of the Connecticut agricultural experiment station to make analyses and examinations of all such articles as shall be furnished under the provisions of section six of this act for the purpose of determining from such examinations whether such articles are adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act, and to certify the results of such analyses and examinations to the dairy commissioner.

SEC. 8. Notice to manufacturer, etc.; hearings. When any such examination or analysis shows that any provisions of this act have been violated, the dairy commissioner shall cause notice of such fact, together with a copy of the findings, to be given to the party or parties from whom the sample was obtained, and to the party, if any, whose name appears upon the label as manufacturer, packer, wholesaler, retailer, or other dealer. The parties so notified shall be given an opportunity to be heard, under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed as aforesaid, and notices shall specify the date, hour, and place of such hearing, and if any person or corporation concerned resides without the state, reasonable notice shall be given by mail at such address as may, with due diligence, be obtained. The hearing shall be private and the parties interested therein may appear in person or by attorney.

SEC. 9. Certification of findings to prosecuting officer. If, after such hearing, the dairy commissioner shall find that any provision of this act has been violated he shall at once certify to the proper prosecuting officer a copy of the results of the examination or analysis of such article, duly authenticated by the analyst or officer making such examination or analysis, under oath of such officer.

SEC. 10. Prosecution. It shall be the duty of the prosecuting officer to whom said dairy commissioner shall report any such violation as hereinbefore provided to forthwith cause appropriate proceedings to be commenced in the proper court for the enforcement of the penalties in such cases herein provided.

SEC. 11. Notice of judgment by publication; appcal. After judgment of said court, notice thereof shall be given by publication in such manner as may be prescribed by the rules and regulations hereinbefore provided for, and if an appeal be taken from the said judgment notice of that fact shall be included in said publication.

SEC. 12. Penalty. Any person violating any of the provisions of this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and for a first offense shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not less than five dollars nor more than three hundred dollars, and for each subsequent offense and conviction thereof shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than one year, or both.

SEC. 13. Exemption. No dealer shall be punished under the provisions of this act for selling or offering for sale any article of food or drugs in the original, unbroken package in which it was received by said dealer, provided he can establish a guaranty by the wholesaler, jobber, manufacturer, or other person residing in the United States from whom he purchased such article to the effect that said article is not adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this

act; provided, that said guaranty shall contain the name and address of the person making the sale of said article to such dealer, and in such case said person shall be amenable to the prosecution and penalties which would otherwise attach to said dealer under the provisions of this act. When the examinations or analyses herein provided for show that the provisions of this act have been violated and the dealer is relieved from prosecution under this section by the production of a guaranty signed by a person residing outside of this state, then the dairy commissioner shall report such fact to the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States, or the proper officer appointed for the enforcement of the act of Congress approved June 30, 1906, and known as the Food and Drugs Act."

SEC. 14. "Person" defined. The word "person" in this act shall be construed to import the singular and the plural as the case demands, and shall include corporations, companies, societies, and associations, when construing and enforcing the provisions of this act, and the act, omission, or failure of any officer, agent, or other person acting for or employed by any corporation, company, society, or association, within the scope of his employment or office, shall in every case be also deemed to be the act, omission, or failure of such corporation, company, society, or association as well as that of said person.

SEC. 15. Repeal. All acts or parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repealed; but nothing in this act shall be construed as repealing chapter 127 of the public acts of 1905.

SEC. 16. Effect. This act shall take effect January 1, 1908.

Approved July 31, 1907. Public Acts of 1907, ch. 255, pp. 865-870.

CONFECTIONERY.

See General Food Law, page 152.

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