Abandonment of children, amongst
Greek and Roman peoples, 230.
Absolute incapacity of natural man
for good, theological concept of,
307-308.
Aristotle, 20, 216; J. S. Mill's politi-
cal conceptions carry reader back
to those of, 80; conception of, of
political State, 179-180; definition
of highest good and of happiness,
186; object of virtue according to,
218 n.
Act of Submission, of King John of Art, ascendency of the present in
Act of Uniformity of 1549, 324.
Adams, George Burton, description
of charge of simony by, 276 n.
Adams, H. C., on the result of con-
ditions of an unregulated compe-
tition for commercial supremacy,
415-416.
Greek, 189-190; in modern world
governed by influences unknown
to the Greeks, 192-193; Count
Tolstoy on, in modern world, 192,
407.
Ascendency of Puritans in England,
effort of Cromwell to maintain,
326-327.
Agreement of the People, the, 105- Ashley, W. J., on Adam Smith's
106, 326; text of, 492–502.
Alexandria taken by Mohammedans,
Alison, Essays on the Nature and
Principles of Taste, cited, 191 n.
Allen, Grant, 191 n., 408 n.
America, results of the Reformation
in, 333-334. See United States.
American Journal of Sociology, ex-
tract from A. W. Small's article
in, 8 n.
Anabaptists, suppression of religious
error by, 322.
Ancestor worship, 167-173, 408.
Animals, duration of life of, 47.
Answer of Henry IV. to Gregory VII.,
277; text of, 484-486.
Archer, William, 193 n.
Arianism, struggle of, with tendency
toward doctrines of ancient philoso-
phies, 228; attempt of Constantius
to impose, on Roman empire, 265.
Aristocracy, government of United
States at period of the Revolution
virtually an, 367.
unhistorical attitude in reasoning,
390 n.; concerning trusts, 442.
Atonement, Christian concept of, 226.
Attica, slave population in, at begin-
ning of Peloponnesian war, 182-
183.
Austin, characteristics of school of
philosophy developed by, 5.
Australia, exclusion of Chinese la-
bour from, 458.
Austria-Hungary, population of, 16 n.
Bacon, L. W., 333.
Bagehot, Walter, on military charac-
ter of ancient State, 181; descrip-
tion of tendency of science of
political economy in England to
become one of Business or Great
Commerce, 351.
Balfour, Foundations of Belief, cited,
191 n.
Becket, Thomas, 262.
Belgium, population of, 16 n.; estab-
lishment of universal suffrage in,
367.
Beloch, statistics of slave and free
population in Attica, 182-183.
Bentham, Jeremy, 5, 29, 384 n.; con-,
ception of, of State and society as
identical, 76; "the interest of the
community the sum of the interests
of the several members," 77; Her-
bert Spencer compared to, go.
Bert, Paul, 407.
Bill of Rights of Virginia, 119; text
of, 508-511.
Birds, duration of life of, 47.
Blood-relationship in early civilisa-
tions, 170 ff.
Bluntschli, J. K., on the ancient
State, 180; distinction between law
and morality by Romans, 250.
Bonar, James, quoted, 10, 10 n.; con-
cerning connection of social and
in minds of
economic progress
German socialists, II n.
Boniface VIII., Pope, 283-284.
Borgeaud, Charles, statement of, that
social contract theory did not origi-
nate with Rousseau, 104.
Bosanquet, Bernard, 10 n.
Bossuet, 322.
Bradford, Gamaliel, 360, 433-
Breeding, scientific, of human race,
229-230, 363.
Bright, John, Morley's description of,
374-
Bryce, James, 242, 261, 266, 267, 275,
Caird, Edward, 9 n., 164, 318 n., 328,
Calvin, 321-322; John Morley quoted
on wide influence of, 322 n.
Calvinism, effect of, in Northern
Europe, 321-323.
Campanella, 302 n.
Canon law, growth of, 284 ff.
Canossa, the pilgrimage to, 279.
Capital, combinations of, in the
United States, 428-437; in Eng-
land, 438-440.
Capital, Marx's, cited, 10 n.
Capitulary of 802, Charlemagne's,
268-270, 274-
Carthage taken by Mohammedans,
Charlemagne, 241-243, 267.
Charles V., Emperor, 268, 293, 312.
Charles Martel, 239.
Chartists, transition in England from
old Radicalism to modern Liberal-
ism due to, 23 n.
Child labour, regulation of, by the
State, in England, 418.
Children, exposing of, by Greeks and
Romans, 230; J. S. Mi's proposi-
tion concerning restricting num-
bers of, 420.
China, modern commercial and
economic conditions in, 459-460.
Chinese, exclusion of, from Australia
and United States, 458. See Yel-
low races.
Christianity, theological persecution
I as the outcome of, 253. 293-
Buckingham Memoirs, quoted, 14 n.Church, R. W., 233, 276.
Bulis, papal, see Clericis Laicos and
Unam Sanctam.
Bunsen, C. C. J., 320.
Burke, Edmund, and Western Lib-
eralism, 121-123; on the social
contract, 123.
Bury, J. B., 223, 234, 266.
Butcher, S. H., on problem of recon-
ciliation of Hebraism and Hellen-
ism, 208 n.
Butterfield, B. H., quoted concerning
trusts in the United States, 433-
of Pope
Church, struggle between, and State,
began on
Gregory VII, 272; civil jurisdic-
tion throughout Europe under con-
trol of the, 284-287; separation of
from State in America, 333-
Cicero, concerning cit zenship. 173:
on ascendency of the present,
Citizenship, in ancient civilisations,
166; Cicero on duties of, 173, in
ancient city-state, 175; exclusive,
the product of ancestor worship,
City-State, the, in Greek and Roman D'Alembert, 15, 74, 118.
civilisations, 174-176.
Clarke, William, quoted, 17, 23 n.,
Clericis Laicos, the Bull, 262, 283-
284; resistance of Philip of France
to, 287; text of, 487-489.
Cluny, the monks of, 243-244, 275,
281-282.
Cobden, Richard, Morley's descrip-
tion of, 374; feeling of, concerning
State interference with economic
interests, 424; statement of, that
capital has no commission to ad-
minister justice to the world, 447.
Companies' Winding-up Act, 436,
438.
Competition, results of a state of un-
regulated, 415-417.
Concordat of Worms, 279.
Condillac, 74-
Condorcet, 9, 15, 87.
Conscience, wide interval between
private and business, 436-437-
Constantine V., 266.
Darwin, quoted concerning natural
increase in man, 35; law of Natu-
ral Selection suggested to, by read-
ing Malthus, 36 n.; the centre of
significance to, of principle of
Natural Selection was always in
present time, 41-42; quoted con-
cerning term "struggle for exist-
ence," 45 n.
Darwin and after Darwin, Ro-
manes', cited, 39, 51.
Darwinian theory, the, 15; has
survived all criticism, 33: first
fundamental principle of, the enor-
mous power of increase in life, 34-
35 second principle of, individual
variability, with capacity of trans-
mission to offspring of result, 35;
close connection between, and
ideas of Manchester school, 36 n.;
advance on, since Darwin's death,
46-53.
Darwinism, Wallace's, cited, 34, 35,
38, 51, 63, 191.
Constantinople, loss of, by Christians, Davidson, Professor, studies of trade
Constitution of the United States,
106,333; text of articles in addition
to the, 513.
Constitutions of Clarendon, 262,
284 n.
Council of Ephesus, 223, 228.
Council of Trent, 311.
Council of Valence, Third, 228.
Council of Worms, 277.
Courtney, W. L., 153 n., 193 n.
Cousin, Victor, 87, 189.
Criticism, system of party govern-
ment the life-principle of all effec-
tive, 357.
Critique of Pure Reason, Kant's sum-
mary of the problem discussed in,
Cromwell, Oliver, period of, in Eng-
land, 326-328; Professor Gardiner
quoted on the real purpose of, 326-
327.
Cunningham, W., quoted, 25 n.
relations between England and her
colonies, 373 n.
Death, of individual necessary to
serve interest of the whole, 56;
considered the end of all things,
219; for theological heterodoxy
approved by Calvin, 321.
Déclarations des Droits de l'Homme
et du Citoyen de 23 Juin, 1793, text
of, 513-517.
Declaration of Independence, Ameri-
can, 119; text of, 511-513.
Deists, the English, 9, 405.
Democracy, position of current theo-
ries of, 71 ff.; origin of movement
toward, 104 ff.; Western, equality
of man fundamental principle of,
107-108; Nietzsche on modern,
133-134: meaning of modern, is
not expressed in mere theory of
political or economic interests in
State, 140 ff.
Development, theory of, now related
to future, not the past, 12; first | England, alliance of civil and re-
epoch of social, 145-146; second
epoch of social, 146-148; the
stages of economic, in Germany,
385-389.
Diderot, 9, 15, 74, 118-119.
Dill, Samuel, quoted on religion of
ancient Romans, 172.
Dispute between the emperors and
the popes, 272-289, 484-486.
Distribution of wealth should aim at
realising political justice, 380.
Domination of yellow races predicted,
Donald, Robert, 429 n.
Dowden, Professor, 193 n.
Draper, J. W., 240.
Dumont, Arsène, quoted, 129.
Duration of Life, Weismann's, cited,
Duty, subordination of interest to,
considered absurd by Bentham,
77-78.
Economic Journal, The, extracts from
J. Bonar's article in, 10, 10 n., IIn.
Economics, effect in, of modern con-
ception of responsibility, 377-385;
German Historical School of, weak-
ness for data rather than scientific
deductions, 390 n.; State interfer-
ence in, in England, 418 ff., 424.
Edict of Nantes, revocation of, 315.
Efficiency, military, social efficiency
in first stage equivalent to, 146.
See Selection, military.
Elephants, increase in number of, if
natural, 35.
Emancipation, the recent past of the
evolutionary process has been a
period of, 411-412.
Emperors and popes, dispute be-
tween, 272-289, 484-486.
Encyclopædists, influence of Locke
over, 118-119; regarded concepts
of system of belief of our civilisa-
tion solely from political stand-
point, 120.
Engels, economic theory of, 11 n.
ligious authority in, 324-328; effect
of recent tendencies in English
thought on science of jurisprudence
in, 339 n.; State interference in
economics in, 418 ff., 424; combi-
nations of capital in, 438-440.
English Utilitarians, The, Stephen's,
quoted, 29 n., 76, 384. 406.
Epictetus, 212: conception of virtue,
218 n.; on suicide, 219-220.
Epicureanism, 218-219.
Epicurus, 204.
Equality, of man fundamental politi-
cal doctrine of modern Democracy,
107-108; cause of the present state
of political, 369 ff.
Essays upon Heredity, Weismann's,
cited, 47, 48, 55, 60, 61.
Ethics, as one of two grand divisions
of the moral sciences, 339 n.; rela-
tionship between political economy
and, 379 ff.
Ethics, Aristotle's, 179.
Europe, statistics of population in,
Evolution, modern doctrine of, the
last of a long chain of sequences,
2; a new era in knowledge began
with process of biological, 33:
Darwinian theory of biological,
recapitulated, 34-39; advance in
theory of biological, since Darwin,
46 ff.
Evolution and Ethics, Huxley's, cited,
Exclusion of Chinese, 458-459-
Excommunication, power of, in
Middle Ages, 286.
External control, duration of life
according to theory of, 46-47-
Fairbairn, A. M., 209 n., 241.
"Felicific calculus," well-ordered con-
duct in the individual considered a
mere matter of, 77.
Fichte, 8.
Fischer, Kuno, 300, 307.
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