be apprehended in boarding a wreck are the collision of the boat with the ship, or with floating spars, and the swamping of the boat alongside. The greater violence of the sea on the weather side makes it preferable to board to leeward. The dangers to be guarded against in boarding on the lee side are the falling of the masts and collision with floating spars. The large life-boats that go off to wrecks anchor to windward and veer down, care being taken to prevent actual contact. BOARDING-BOOK. A book in which are entered the particulars in regard to every ship boarded. It is not taken on board men-of-war, but the particulars are afterwards registered. BOARDING-NETTINGS. A network of wire ropes or hemp ropes soaked in tar and sanded, to prevent boarders from entering a ship. The lower edge is made fast to the rail, and the upper edge triced up by whips or stopped to the ridge-rope. BOARDING-PIKE. A defensive lance against boarders. BOARD IN THE SMOKE. A figurative expression, signifying to create confusion or enthusiasm, and then to endeavor to attain one's object before the effect has passed away. The expression arose from the custom of delivering a broadside as the boarders were thrown upon the enemy's decks. Boardling (Eng.). A flippant understrapper of the admiralty or navy-board. Board of Trade. See TRADE, BOARD OF. Boat. A small open vessel, propelled by oars or sails, and sometimes by steam. The name is also applied to large river-craft propelled entirely by steam, and also to a vessel having no motive power of its own; a canal-boat. Boats are built of various materials; as, wood, iron, paper, ete. Wood is used for boats for ordinary purposes, iron for heavy boats, and wood or paper for racing-boats. The frame of a carvel-built boat generally consists of a floor and two futtocks, and the planks do not overlap, but make flush seams, which are calked. In the clinker-built boat the lower edge of each plank laps over the upper edge of the one next below. A diagonal-built boat is one in which the outer skin consists of two layers of planking at right angles to each other, and making an angle of 45° with the keel. Boats are square-sterned, or sharp at both ends; in the latter case they are called whaleboats. Single-banked boats have one oarsman to each thwart, and a double-banked boat has two. Charra are double-banked when each oar is pulled by two men. The boats in use in the navy are as follows: steam-launches, steam-cutters, launches, cutters, whale-boats, dingys, barges, and gigs. For a description of these various boats, with their various rigs, see under the proper heads. See LIFE-BOATS, Up boats, the order to hoist all the boats. To secure a boat for sea, to rig in the davits, and pass the gripes around the boat and strong-back. To call away a boat, to pass the word for the crew to man their boat. To trim boat, to so dispose the weight in her that she shall float upright. To bail a boat, to throw out the water that may be in her. To moor a boat, to secure it at a buoy or wharf. To wind a boat, to slue it around end for end. crew in it to manage it. To boat the oars, to place them on the thwarts fore-and-aft ready for use. Boats, Equipment of. RUNNING-BOATS, or boats which do the ordinary duty of a ship, are supplied with oars, boat-hooks, fenders, breaker, anchor, colors, cushions, painter, etc. Masts, sails, compass, and awnings will be carried as ordered. ARMED BOATS are equipped according to the nature of the service they are to perform. DISTANT SERVICE. The boat is supplied with provisions, fuel, cooking utensils, ammunition, arms and accoutrements, tools and articles for repairing damages, boat-gear, means of making signals, and a medical outfit. If a gun is carried, ammunition and implements for the service of the piece afloat are supplied. CUTTING OUT VESSELS, or CONTENDING WITH OTHER BOATS. The boat is supplied with ammunition, arms and accoutrements, tools and articles for repairing damages, medical outfit, means of making signals, a small quantity of provisions, and as many men as can be carried without undue crowding. If a gun is carried, ammunition and implements for the service of the piece afloat are supplied. See CUTTING OUT. LANDING WHERE LIKELY TO BE OPPOSED. The boat is supplied with ammunition, arms, and accoutrements, tools and articles for repairing damages, and a small quantity of provisions. No masts or sails are carried. If a gun is carried, ammunition and implements for the service of the piece afloat and ashore are supplied. For more minute details, see ORDNANCE INSTRUCTIONS, 1880. Boats, Management of. UNDER OARS. Before leaving the ship see that she is properly equipped for the service on which she may be going. Do not shove off during stern-way. Trim the boat. Keep the weights amidships. Do not allow the men to stand up in the boat, or to sit on the gunwale. Sand is much heavier when wet than when dry, therefore do not overload the boat with it. Water in breakers is safest for ballast; iron or sand stows better, but in the event of a capsize would sink the boat. A loaded boat holds her way longer than when light. Make due allowance for the tide; a little judgment may save a long pull. Keep clear of a vessel with stern-way on. Keep a boat bows-on to a heavy sea. A boat may ride out a heavy gale by lashing the spars, sails, etc., together and riding to leeward of them. See BOARDING, KEDGING, ROWING, SURF, SALUTES, TOWING, and WARPING. UNDER SAIL. When the ship is not head to wind, pull well clear of the ship before making sail. Hoist the jib before the foresail, that the mast-head may not be dragged aft. Do not belay the sheets, but keep them in hand. Running before a stiff breeze, reduce sail before luffing up. Running dead before the wind in a light boat is dangerous; it is safer to run half the distance with the wind on one quarter, and then bring the wind on the other quarter. In a moderate squall ease the sheets; in a hard squall luff up and lower the sails. If there be any doubt about weathering a point, go about at once. If there be any doubt about going around, have an oar ready to leeward. If the men are To man a boat, to send the ❘ sitting to windward, make them sit amidships on passing to leeward of a ship. In a stiff breeze get the masts down before going alongside of a ship. BOATABLE. Navigable for boats. BOAT-CHOCKS. Pieces of wood on which boats rest when stowed on deck. BOAT-CLOAK. A mantle for the use of officers in a boat. BOAT-DAVIT. The name applied to the timbers which project over the side or stern of a vessel, and to which the boats are hoisted. BOAT-DRILL. The objects of boat-drill are as follows: first, to accustom the men to rowing and to the handling of boats under sail (see MANAGEMENT OF BOATS); second, to instruct the men in the manipulation of boat-guns (see HowITZER); third, to familiarize the men with their duties in providing articles for the equipment of boats (see EQUIPMENT OF BOATS); fourth, to familiarize the officers and quartermasters with making and reading signals (see SIGNALS); and, fifth, to familiarize the officers with the principles of fleet tactics. The tactics for boats under sail are the same as for vessels under canvas, and when the boats are under oars they conform to the rules laid down for the regulation of vessels under steam. See NAVAL TACTICS. BOAT-FAST. The rope by which a boat is made fast. BOAT-LINE. See BOAT-ROPE. BOAT-ROPE. A rope by which a boat is towed. A rope fitted to a boat to assist in managing it when lowered in a sea-way. BOAT'S-CREW. The men detailed for duty in a particular boat. BOAT'S-GRIPES. Lashings for securing davitboats at sea. BOAT-SKIDS. Skids to keep a boat clear of the ship's side in hoisting or lowering. Ad Boatswain (Fr. maitre d'équipage). Formerly pronounced and sometimes written bote-son, or boat's-son, and bo'sun, is in the Spanish and Portuguese navies styled "Master of the Canvass." The title is said to be derived from bat, a boat, and swán, a swain, or servant. His symbol of office-the silver call, or whistle-was once the proud insignia of the Lord High Admiral of England, and and the decorative appendage of the mirals of the Fleet, who wore it suspended from a golden chain, and with it "were wont to cheer their men in battle." The duties of a boatswain are constant and fatiguing; his station is the forecastle, whence he can direct the men aloft. He pipes "all hands" for general work, and his mates repeat the call on their respective decks. Boatswains in the United States navy are warrant-officers, and their principal duties are as follows: The boatswain is to be generally upon deck during the day, and at all times when any duty shall require all hands to be employed. He is with his mates to see that the men go quickly upon deck when called, and that they perform their duty with alacrity. He will every day at 7.30 A.M., and at such other times as directed, examine the rigging, and report to the officer of the deck the state in which he finds it. He is to be careful that the anchors, booms, and boats are properly secured, and is to have ready a sufficient number of mats, plats, nippers, points, and gaskets, that no delay may be experienced. He will be careful that the masts of the ship are not crippled or strained in setting up the stays and rigging, and that they retain the same angle with the keel after the stays and rigging are set up that they had when they were only wedged. He is to see when junk is worked up that every part is applied to the purposes ordered. When preparing for battle, he is to see that everything necessary for repairing the rigging is in place. BOATSWAIN-BIRD (Phœton æthereus). A tropical bird, so called from the whistling noise it makes. It has two long feathers in its tail, called the marling-spike. BOATSWAIN-CAPTAIN. A term applied to a commanding officer who pays great attention to the minor details which are generally attended to by the boatswain. BOATSWAIN'S MATE. The chief petty officer of the watch. He passes all the orders of the officer of the watch, and uses his call as circumstances require. BOATSWAIN'S STORE-ROOM. An apartment for the boatswain's stores. Boat the Oars. To place the oars fore-andaft on the thwarts ready for use. Bob. The ball or balance-weight of a clock's pendulum; the weight attached to the plumbline. To fish. A knot of worms on a string, used in fishing for eels; also colloquially, it means a berth. Shift your bob, to move about, to dodge. Bear a bob, make haste, be brisk. Bobbery. A disturbance, row, or squabble; a term much used in the East Indies and China. Bobbing. A particular method of fishing for eels. Bobbing About. Heaving and setting without making any way. Bobble. The state of waves when dashing about without any regular set or direction, as in cross tides or currents. Bobstay. A rope or chain extending from the bowsprit to the cutwater. Its use is to counteract the strain of the head-stays. The bowsprit is also fortified by shrouds from the bows on each side, which are all very necessary, as the foremast and the upper spars on the mainmast are stayed and greatly supported by the bowsprit. BOBSTAY-COLLARS. These are made with large rope, and an eye spliced in each end; they are secured round the bowsprit, on the upper side, with a rose lashing. They are almost entirely superseded by iron bands. BOBSTAY-HOLES. Those cut through the forepart of the knee of the head, between the cheeks, for the admission of the bobstay; they are not much used now, as chain bobstays are almost universal, which are secured to plates by shackles. BOBSTAY-PIECE. A piece of timber to which the bobstays are secured. BOBSTAY-PLATES. Iron plates by which the lower end of the bobstay is attached to the stem. Bocca (Sp. boca, mouth). A term used both in the Levant and on the north coast of South America, or the Spanish Main, for a mouth or channel into any port or harbor, or the entrance into a sound which has a passage out by a contrary way. Bocca Tigris, Canton River. Body. The principal corps of an army, or the main strength of a fleet. The figure of a ship, abstractly considered, is divided into different parts or figures, each of which has the appellation body, as fore-body, midship-body, squarebody, etc. Body-hoops. The hoops of a made mast. Body-plan. A plan of a ship showing the breadth; it is a transverse section of the ship at the broadest part. Body-post. The post at the forward end of the space in which the screw revolves. Boggs, Charles Stewart, Rear-Admiral U.S.N. Born in New Brunswick, N. J., January 28, 1811. Appointed midshipman from same State, November 1, 1826. Attached to Mediterranean Squadron, sloop-of-war "Warren" and ship-of-the-line "Delaware," -1827-30; West India Squadron, schooner "Porpoise," from 1830-32. Promoted to passed midshipman, April 28, 1832; receiving-ship, New York, 1832; West Indies, sloop "Falmouth," 1833-34; rendezvous, New York, 1835-36. Promoted to lieutenant, September 6, 1837; Pacific Squadron, ship-of-the-line "North Carolina" and schooner "Enterprise," 1837-38; receiving-ship "New York," in charge of apprentices, 1840-41; coast of Africa, sloop "Saratoga," 1842-43; participated in the destruction of the Bereby village on that coast; Home Squadron, 1846-47, steamer "Princeton"; present at siege of Vera Cruz; commanded boat expedition from the "Princeton," which destroyed the U. S. brig "Truxtun" after her surrender to the Mexicans; receiving-ship, New York, 1848; executive-officer of the frigate "St. Lawrence" to the World's Fair, London, 1848; first lieutenant navy-yard, New York, and inspecting for Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, 1851-54. Commissioned as commander, September 15, 1855; commanding United States mail-steamer "Illinois," 1856-58; light-house inspector, California, 1860-61; commanding U. S. steamer. "Varuna" at the passage of Forts Jackson and St. Philip, April 24, 1862. The "Varuna" was the only vessel of Farragut's squadron lost at the passage of the forts. From her great speed she was able to get ahead of all the fleet, and engage the rebel squadron above the forts. She was attacked by two rams, and sunk after being run into the bank of the river; causing, however, the destruction of the attacking vessels. Commissioned as captain, July 16, 1862; commanded steam-sloop "Sacramento" on the blockade of Cape Fear River; left his command on account of serious sickness; special duty under Admiral Gregory, at New York, 1864-65; superintended the construction of small steam picketbeats, and specially designed and fitted out the torpedo-boat which, under the dashing Cushing, destroyed the rebel ironclad "Albemarle"; 1866, emmanded the U. S. steamer "Connecticut," special cruise in the West Indies; fell in with the rebel ironclad "Stonewall" in the harbor of Havana, and previous to her being given up to the Spanish government, demanded her surrender to the United States. Promoted to commodore, July 25, 1866; commanded steamer "De Soto," North Atlantic Squadron, 1866-68; special duty, to report on the condition of steam-engines afloat, 1869–70; commanding light-house depot, Tompkinsville, Staten Island, and light-house inspector, third district. Commissioned as rear-admiral, July, 1870; commanding European Fleet, 1871-72; retired, 1878. Bogue. To fall off from the wind; to edge away to leeward. The mouth of a river. Boiler. A close vessel in which steam is generated, to be used as the motive force in steamengines, and for other purposes. It is usually made of wrought-iron plates, overlapping at the edges and fastened with rivets. See MARINE BOILERS. BOILER-ALARM. An apparatus to call attention to the low level of the water in the boiler. BOILER-FEEDER. An apparatus, usually automatic and self-regulating, for keeping the boiler supplied with water. BOILER-FLOAT. A float which rises and falls with the water in the boiler, and which shuts off the feed-water when the water has risen to the requisite height. BOILER-IRON. Rolled plates of iron from onefourth to one-eighth of an inch in thickness. BOILER-PROTECTOR. A non-conducting material to prevent the escape of heat; as, felt, lagging, etc. Boiling, the Whole. A contemptuous expression to denote the whole number or entire quantity. Bold Bow. A broad bluff bow. Boldering Weather. Cloudy and thundery. Bold Shore. A coast where the water deepening rapidly permits the near approach of ships without danger of grounding. Bold-to. A term applied to land when the adjacent water deepens rapidly. Steep-to. Bole. A small boat. Bolide. A name for an aerolite. Bollard. A timber around which a turn of the line is taken when a whale is struck, in order that the line may be veered steadily. A vertical timber projecting above the ground, to which hawsers are secured. Bollard-timber. Usually called knight-head (which see). Bolling, or Bowling Along. Going through the water rapidly with a free wind. Bolme. An old term for a waterman's pole or boom. Boloto. A small boat of the Philippines and Moluccas. Bolsters. Small cushions or bags of tarred canvas, used to preserve the stays from being chafed by the motion of the masts when the ship pitches at sea. Pieces of soft wood covered with canvas, placed on the tressle-trees for the eyes of the rigging to rest upon and prevent a sharp nip. Also pieces of oak timber fayed to the curvature of the bow, under the hawse-holes, and down upon the upper cheek, to prevent the cable from rubbing against the cheeks. Bolt. To start off; to run away. To swallow food without chewing it. A cylindrical bar of metal. Bolts take their names from the uses to which they are applied; as, bringing-to bolt, drivebolt, etc.; from a peculiarity of construction; as, eye-bolt, ring-bolt, etc.; from the mode of securing them; as, screw-bolt, bay-bolt, etc. For a description of bolts see under the following heads: BARB-, BAY-, BRINGING-TO-, CLINCH-, COUNTERSUNK-HEADED-, DOUBLE-ENDED-, DRIVE-, DRIFT-, EYE-, FENDER-, FLUSH-, FORELOCK-, Fox-, JAGGED-, KEY-, LEWIS-, POINTED-, RAG-, RING-, RIVETED-, ROSEHEADED-, ROUND-HEADED-, SCARF-, SCREW-, and SET-BOLT. BOLT OF CANVAS. A roll of canvas containing 39 yards. BOLT-AUGER. An auger for boring holes for bolts. BOLT-CHISEL. A cold chisel for cutting off the projecting ends of bolts. BOLT-CUTTER. A tool for cutting off bolts. A tool for cutting the thread on bolts. Bolt-rope. A superior quality of hemp cordage used for roping sails. BOLT-ROPE NEEDLE. A strong needle for stitching a sail to the bolt-rope. Bolt-sprit. See BOWSPRIT. BOLT-STRAKE. Strakes of plank through which pass the beam fastenings. Bomb. A hollow ball or shell of cast iron charged with powder, and furnished with a fuse so adjusted that when the bomb reaches the end of its range the fuse ignites the powder in the shell and blows it to pieces. Bombs appear to have first come into use in the wars of the Netherlands, in the 17th century. See SHELL. BOMB-BED. The platform which supports a A vessel in which beer was formerly carried to soldiers on duty; whence bum-boat (which see). Bombay. A city and seaport on the island of Bombay, now artificially converted into a peninsula, all of which is included in the municipal limits. Lat. 18° 56′ N.; lon. 72° 53′ E. Since the development of cotton culture in India, Bombay has largely increased in wealth and importance. It is connected by railroads with most of the large cities of India, and by steamer lines, via Suez, with Great Britain. On the S. W. the fort is connected by Colabba causeway with the island of Colabba, on which are the light-house, observatory, and a stone pier. The harbor of Bombay is unequaled for safety in all India. It affords good anchorage for ships of the largest burden, and it has excellent building- and other docks for ships of the first class. Pop. 700,000. Bombo. Weak, cold punch. disused. Bone. To study. To bone up a subject, to study it thoroughly. a Bon-grace. Junk-fenders, to hang over the bows and sides of a vessel. See BoW-GRACE. Bonito. The Thynnus pelamys, fish of the scomber family, commonly about 2 feet long, with a sharp head, small mouth, full eyes, and a regular semilunar tail. Boni-vochil. The Hebridean name for the great northern diver (Colymbus glacialis). Bonnet. An additional part laced to the foot of the jibs, or other fore-and-aft sails, in small vessels in moderate weather, to gather more wind. Bonnet-flook. The well-known flat-fish, brill, pearl, or mouse-dab; the Pleuronectes rhombus. Bony-fish. A name for the hard-head (which see). Bony Pike (Lepidosteus). A genus of ganoid fishes, conspicuous by being examples of a nearly extinct type. Booby. A well-known tropical sea-bird, Sula fusca, of the family Pelecanide. It is fond of resting out of the water at night, even preferring an unstable perch on the yard of a ship. The name is derived from the way in which it allows itself to be caught immediately after settling. The direction in which it flies as evening comes on often shows where land may be found. Booby-hatch. A smaller kind of companion, but readily removable. A kind of wooden hood over a hatch, fitted with a sliding top and readily removable. Book. A commercial term for a peculiar packing of muslins, bastas, and other stuffs. Brought to book, made to account. Books. Official documents. See SHIP'S BOOKS. Boom. A long spar used to extend or boom out the foot of a particular sail. It takes its name from the sail it extends. (See JIB-, FLYING-JIB-, STUDDING-SAIL-, SPANKER-, RINGTAIL-, and MAIN-BOOM.) The name is also applied to a chain stretched across a river or mouth of a harbor to prevent the entrance of an enemy's vessel. See FIRE-SHIPS. Booms may be employed in the defense of harbors either by themselves, or in combination with submarine mines. The essential qualities of a boom are that it shall possess great strength and be easy to manipulate. The main cable should be of wire or chain, and is buoyed up by spars, logs, etc. A space is left between each float to give the whole structure flexibility. The boom should be moored with heavy anchors upstream, and with heavy chains without anchors down-stream; the former to counteract the force of the current, and the latter to oppose a yielding obstacle to the shock of ramming. The boom should be moored obliquely to the current, which compels an enemy's vessel to place herself athwart the current in order to ram the boom at right angles. The boom should be protected from the enemy's boats by small mechanical mines, and should be covered by batteries on each side of the bay or river. To boom off, to shove off a vessel or boat with spars. To top up a boom is to elevate one end of it by hauling on the topping lifts. A person is said to top up his boom when he fortifies himself with ardent spirits. Booms. The space between the fore- and mainmasts, in which the boom-boats and spare spars are stowed. Boats carried inboard and BOOM-BOATS. stowed in the booms. BOOM-BRACE. A rope extending from the outer extremity of the topmast studding-sailboom through a tail-block in the main-rigging. BOOM-COVER. The large tarpaulin, or painted canvas cover, extending over the booms and boom-boats. BOOM-IRONS. Metal hoops or rings on the lower and topsail yards through which the booms traverse. See PACIFIC-IRONS. BOOM-JIGGER. A tackle used for rigging in and out the topmast studding-sail-booms. BOOMKIN. See BUMKIN. BOOM-MAINSAIL. A fore-and-aft mainsail the foot of which is spread by a boom. BOOM-TRICING-LINE. The line which trices up the heel of a stun'sail-boom. Boopah. A Tongatabou canoe with a single outrigger. Boötes (Gr. boôtés, a plowman). The constellation following the Great Bear, which, it is probable, originally figured as an ox or wagon. Bootes is also called Arctophylax, the Bearwatcher; and the bright star a Bootis is named Arcturus, which means the Bear-keeper. Boothyr. An old word for a small river vessel. Boot-lick. One who cringes and flatters to obtain favors. Boot-topping. The old operation of scraping off the grass, slime, shells, etc., which adhere to the bottom, near the surface of the water, and daubing it over with a mixture of tallow, sulphur, and resin, as a temporary protection against worms. This is chiefly performed where there is no dock or convenient situation for breaming or careening, or when the hurry of a voyage renders it inconvenient to have the whole bottom properly cleansed. The term is now applied to sheathing a vessel with planking over felt. Booty. That sort of prize which may be distributed at the capstan-head, or at once. Booze. A carouse; hence, boozy, elevated by liquor. Bora. A very violent wind experienced in the upper part of the Adriatic Sea, but which fortunately is of no great duration. Borasca. A storm, with thunder and lightning. Bord. The sea-coast, an old term. Formerly meant the side, edge, or brim; hence, as applied to a ship, to throw overboard is to cast anything over the side of the vessel. Borda, Jean Charles, a scientific French navigator, born at Dax, May 4, 1733; died in Paris, February 20, 1799. He was a teacher of mathematics; became a captain in the French navy, and by his scientific knowledge was of great service to the Count d'Estaing during the American war, in which he commanded the "Solitaire" with distinction. Made a member of the Academy of Sciences in 1756. In 1771 he made a voyage to America for scientific purposes, and again in 1774, and at a later period, of which he published an account in 1778. He founded the School of Naval Architecture in France, invented nautical instruments, was one of the scientific men who framed the French metric system, and published some treatises on hydraulics. Member of the French Institute. on its left bank. Lat. 44° 50′ 19′′ N.; lon. 0° 34′ 32′′ W. Situated on a navigable river, in this part 2600 feet wide and from 60 to 90 feet deep, Bordeaux takes rank next after Marseilles and Havre among the ports of France both in foreign and coastwise trade. Its harbor or basin, formed by the Garonne, is capable of containing 1200 ships of the largest size, and is accessible for vessels of 600 tons at all times of the tide. It has docks and building-yards for every size of vessels. Its principal exports are wines, brandy, and fruits. Pop. 225,000. Bordels. An old word for houses built along a strand. Bord You. A saying of a man waiting, to one who is drinking, meaning that he claims the next turn. Its Bore. The cavity, generally cylindrical in shape, of a piece of ordnance; also, the diameter of this cavity. A sudden and rapid flow of tide in certain inlets of the sea; as, the monstrous wave in the river Hoogly, called bahu by the natives, which rolls in with the noise of distant thunder at flood-tide. It occurs from February to November, at the new and full moon. cause has not been clearly defined, although it probably arises from the currents during springtides, acting on a peculiar conformation of the banks and bed of the river; it strikes invariably on the same part of the banks, majestically rolling over to one side, and passing on diagonally to the other with impetuous violence. The bore also occurs in England, near Bristol; and in America, in several rivers, but especially in the Bay of Fundy, where, at the river Petticodiac, the tide rises 76 feet. It also occurs in Borneo and several rivers in the East. Attention to the bore in different places is of great importance to the seaman. No boat ventures to navigate the channels between the islands at the mouth of the Brahmapootra at springtide; in the Hoogly, the bore running along one bank only, on its approach the smaller shipping is removed to the other side, or ride it out in mid-stream; and in some of the rivers of Brazil the barges, at the spring-tides, are always moored in deep water, it being noticed that the bore is only dangerous on the shoals. Boreas. Son of Estræus and Heribeia, generally put for the north wind. Bore Down. Sailed down from to windward. Boring. In Arctic seas, the operation of forcing a ship through the loose ice. Boring-bit. A tool for clearing the vent of a gun. Borrachio (Sp. borracho, drunk). A skin, usually a goat's, for holding wine or water. Used in the Levant. A skin-full; literally, gorged with wine. Borrow. To approach closely either to land or wind; to hug a shore or coast to avoid an adverse tide. Bort. The name given to a fishing-line in the Shetland Isles. Boscawen, Edward, Admiral. Born August 19, 1711. Measuring men by their success, this very distinguished sailor occupies a high place in British annals. For twenty years he was in continual active service. The West InBordeaux. A city in the S. W. of France, on dies, the South American coast, the Mediterrathe Garonne, 60 miles from its mouth, and chiefly | nean, India, and the coast of North America were |