MORTALITY-FOREIGN AND INSULAR-COUNTRIES AND CITIES

(Untabulated).

AUSTRALIA-Newcastle.-Month of September, 1911. Population 60,500. Total number of deaths from all causes 30, including diphtheria 1, tuberculosis 1.

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY-Brunn.-Month of July, 1911. Population 108,944. Total number of deaths from all causes 232, including diphtheria 2, scarlet fever 1, tuberculosis 48, typhoid fever 1.

Month of August, 1911. Total number of deaths from all causes 237, including diphtheria 2, tuberculosis 53, typhoid fever 3.

CANADA-Sherbrooke.-Month of October, 1911. Population 17,700. Total number of deaths from all causes 25, including diphtheria 1, scarlet fever 1, tuberculosis 4, typhoid fever 2.

Vancouver.-Month of September, 1911. Population, 100,000. Total number of deaths from all causes 102, including diphtheria 1, tuberculosis 7, typhoid fever 5.

FORMOSA. Three weeks ended October 14, 1911. Population 3,290,186. Total number of deaths from all causes not reported. The deaths include diphtheria 1, typhoid fever 22.

FRANCE-Calais.-Month of October, 1911. Population, 80,000. Total number of deaths from all causes 106, including diphtheria 1, tuberculosis 22, typhoid fever 1.

GREAT BRITAIN.-Week ended October 14, 1911:

England and Wales.-The deaths registered in 77 great towns correspond to an annual rate of 15 per 1,000 of the population which is estimated at 16,157,797.

Ireland. The deaths registered in 21 principal town districts correspond to an annual rate of 19.3 per 1,000 of the population which is estimated at 1,149,495. The lowest rate was recorded at Tralee, viz, 5.3, and the highest at Wexford, viz, 36.4 per 1,000.

Scotland. The deaths registered in 8 principal towns correspond to an annual rate of 16.4 per 1,000 of the population which is estimated at 1,710,291. The lowest rate was recorded at Perth, viz, 10.2, and the highest at Glasgow, viz, 18.7 per 1,000. The total number of deaths from all causes was 538, including diphtheria 12, measles 5, scarlet fever 8, typhoid fever 1.

Week ended October 21, 1911:

England and Wales.-The deaths registered in 77 great towns correspond to an annual rate of 14.4 per 1,000 of the population, which is estimated at 16,157,797.

-

Ireland. The deaths registered in 21 principal town districts correspond to an annual rate of 18.6 per 1,000 of the population, which is estimated at 1,149,495. The lowest rate was recorded at Lisburn, viz, 4.3, and the highest at Kilkenny, viz, 44.6 per 1,000.

Scotland. The deaths registered in 8 principal towns correspond to an annual rate of 15.7 per 1,000 of the population, which is estimated at 1,710,291. The lowest rate was recorded at Perth, viz, 11.6, and the highest at Glasgow, viz, 17 per 1,000. The total number of deaths from all causes was 513, including diphtheria 5, measles 9, scarlet fever 7, typhoid fever 1.

ITALY-Genoa.-Month of October, 1911. Population, 272,077. Total number of deaths from all causes 396, including diphtheria 1, tuberculosis 78, typhoid fever 5.

Messina.-Period from October 8 to 20, 1911. Population, 93,652. Total number of deaths from all causes 51, including cholera 10, scarlet fever 1, tuberculosis 3, typhoid fever 1.

ST. THOMAS. Three months ended September 30, 1911. Population, 11,012. Total number of deaths from all causes 391, including diphtheria 1, tuberculosis 5, typhoid fever 2.

SIAM-Bangkok.-Four weeks ended October 7, 1911. Population, 600,000. Total number of deaths from all causes not reported. The deaths include cholera 26, plague 1, smallpox 54.

SIERRA LEONE-Freetown.-Month of September, 1911. Population, 40,000. Total number of deaths from all causes 65. tagious diseases.

ROUMANIA.-Month of March, 1911. Population, 7,000,000. Total number of deaths from all causes not reported. The deaths include diphtheria 80, scarlet fever 324, smallpox 434, tuberculosis 35. Month of April, 1911. Total number of deaths from all causes not reported. The deaths include diphtheria 57, scarlet fever 703, smallpox 340, typhoid fever 55.

By authority of the Secretary of the Treasury:

A. H. GLENNAN,

Acting Surgeon General,

United States Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service.

PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS.

VOL. XXVI.

DECEMBER 8, 1911.

No. 49.

ADMINISTRATION OF THYMOL IN HOOKWORM DISEASE. By CH. WARDELL STILES, Professor of Zoology, Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service, and GEORGE F. LEONARD, A. B., Smithsonian Institution.

A case of unusually severe hookworm disease has recently come under our observation, in connection with which it was necessary to safeguard in every possible way all of the strength possessed by the patient. In order to do this and at the same time expel some of the worms, so that the patient could gain strength, the preliminary dose of magnesium sulphate (usually given the evening before the thymol is administered) was omitted, and very small doses of thymol were used. This plan was followed by satisfactory results. The patient gained in strength, and after several courses of treatment without preliminary salts the standard thymol treatment with salts was instituted.

In several other cases, also, thymol was administered without preliminary salts, and hookworms were obtained.

On theoretical grounds and from practical experience in these cases, we feel justified in recommending that in every severe case the preliminary salts be omitted and (as is already the custom) small doses of thymol be used for one or more courses of treatment.

In one case (male, 16 years old) we obtained 347 worms with 10 grains of thymol, followed but not preceded by salts. In one case male, 5 years old) 13 worms were obtained with 10 grains of thymol, followed but not preceded by salts. In one case (male, 26 years old) 6 worms were obtained with 324 grains of thymol, followed but not preceded by salts. In one case (male, 24 years old) 24 worms were obtained with 30 grains of thymol, followed but not preceded by salts. In one case (male, 12 years old) 315 worms were obtained with 25 grains of thymol, followed but not preceded by salts. In one case (male, 17 years old) 2,246 worms were obtained with 25 grains of thymol, preceded and followed by salts.

The number of worms obtained in any given case is influenced not only by the size of the dose of thymol, but also by the number and position of the worms present and the amount of food in the intestinal tract. The principle upon which the small dose is used is that if numerous worms are present the thymol will reach at least some of them, and a case of evere infection can thus gradually be reduced to one of lighter infection, and the risks (if any are present) can be reduced to a minimum. In other words, the element of safety for the patient is increased to the maximum by treating along very conservative lines.

UNITED STATES.

MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES, RULES, AND REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO PUBLIC HYGIENE.

[Adopted since Jan. 1, 1910.]
BERKELEY, CAL.

MILK AND BUTTER-PRODUCTION, CARE, AND SALE.

SECTION 1. From and after the date this ordinance takes effect no person shall expose for sale, or sell or deliver for sale or consumption, within the city of Berkeley any cream, milk, or butter without first obtaining a permit therefor from the board of health in accordance with the conditions in this ordinance hereinafter provided. SEC. 2. Any person desiring a permit to engage in the sale or disposition of milk, cream, or butter shall first make application therefor to the board of health, upon blanks provided for the purpose, stating the name and residence of the applicant, and the exact location from which he obtains or is to obtain his milk, cream, or butter, together with the names of the person or persons from whom he obtains or is to obtain his milk, cream, or butter, and if such applicant is a producer of milk the number of cows in his dairy herd; and the applicant shall further state the manner in which he intends to dispose of his milk, cream, or butter, and the application shall be signed by the applicant and filed in the office of the health department.

SEC. 3. Upon receipt of proper application as provided in section 2, it shall be the duty of the milk inspector of the health department to visit and inspect the dairy farm, dairy, creamery, or other place of business, from which the applicant obtains, and where he proposes to place on sale, his milk, cream, or butter, and to prepare duplicate score cards of such dairy farm, dairy, creamery, or other place of business. One score card is to be retained by the applicant, and the other to constitute a report of the milk inspector to the board of health.

SEC. 4. It shall thereupon be the duty of the board of health to issue a permit to sell and distribute milk, cream, or butter within the corporate limits of the city of Berkeley to each applicant whose dairy farm, dairy, creamery, or other place of business shall score a minimum total of 60 points according to the report of the milk inspector as provided in section 3; provided, however, that on recommendation of the milk inspector a temporary permit may be issued by the board of health to any applicant whose place of business shall score a total of 40. This temporary permit must be replaced by a final permit within a period of three months from the date of issuing said temporary permit.

SEC. 5. The score cards used by the milk inspector shall be printed in the following forms for dairy farms, milk plants, and butter-making establishments: Detailed score for sanitary inspection of dairy farms.

Perfect. Allowed.

8

6

2

2

Detailed score for sanitary inspection of dairy farms-Continued.

Score for equipment plus score for methods equals final score.

NOTE 1.-If any filthy condition is found, particularly dirty utensils, the total score shall be limited to 49. NOTE 2.-If the water is exposed to dangerous contamination or if there is evidence of the presence of a dangerous disease in animals or attendants, the score shall be 0.