The analogy of these arrangements with architectural ornaments composed of two similar parts, is remarkable; for, in the former as in the latter, the middle must be larger than the two sides, and these, although distinct, must be intimately connected with it. Consequently, if the middle cluster was stripped of its leaves, while the lateral clusters, were covered from top to bottom, the arrangement would be vicious.

Finally, to increase the effect of homogeneity to the sight, instead of framing the arrangement between two clusters very different from the first, it is preferable to place it be

tween two trees.

When we desire to compose a line of three species of clusters, in which the one differs more from the other two than they differ from each other, it will be better to observe the symmetrical arrangement than the simply successive arrangement. For example, if we compose a line of kerria japonica, of pink chamacerasus tartarica, of white lilacs, the symmetrical arrangement chamacerasus, white lilac, chamacerasus, between two herrias, will have a better effect than kerria, chamacerasus, white lilac, kerria, &c., this latter arrangement being quite incoherent.

In a mass reducible into two perfectly equal parts, and which is susceptible of being seen entire at a glance, because it is small and contains only short plants, the symmetrical plant lines have a good effect, as is proved in the border of primroses, which circumscribes the elliptical mass A (b) (755.).

Suppress the orange primroses, a, a, a, a, and we destroy a part of the fine effect of the border by destroying its symmetry, for then we have only the four symmetrical arrangements existing between the four red primroses b, b, b, b.

B. Symmetry of Parts merely corresponding. (827.) There are three cases where this symmetry is remarked.

a. In speaking of the Mass 3, Pl. 4, I have shown how it is divided into two triangular parts, which, without being equal, correspond to the plantations that have been made.

b. The house or dwelling must have on the two sides of its principal façade objects symmetrically placed, but they need not be identical; it is sufficient tha they present masses to our view which are nearly balanced.

c. Two plantations thus balanced, seen the one to the right and the other to the left of a given position, have a fine effect; but it is essential to remark, that they must not be identical, but simply corresponding, either by their foliage, or by the height of the trees: a mass and a group of trees correspond very well in this case.

9. Principle of General Harmony.

(828.) If I considered a single individual as an isolated tree, or a union of individuals constituting an isolated mass, either homogeneous or heterogeneous, or a union of masses subordinated together, I shall not have a new principle to add to the preceding; for these latter suffice to enable us to derive the best possible effect from the harmony of different parts of the same individual, whether we regard the forms and the arrangement of these parts, or the different tints they assume: finally, the harmony which will arise in the masses, from the applications which have been made in planting them, of the principle of contrast of colours in their flowers and leaves, of the principle of variety, of repetition, and of symmetry. But in the general composition of a large landscape garden, it will not suffice to have satisfied all these principles, if the different masses subordinated together, which we shall now regard as individuals, as well as the various constructions of wood, or of stone, are not combined by some harmonious relation, suitable for satisfying the principle of general harmony. The isolated or subordinated masses, near or distant from each other, must be allied together by the same vegetable form (the same species or variety), or by analogous forms, or by the same arrangements of several species, or, lastly, by the same colours of flowers or of foliage. By the aid of similar means we ally the house and other buildings to the different parts of the

garden. When we perceive that the neighbouring masses, especially such as those found near buildings, are not sufficiently allied together, or that the perspective is not satisfactory in their concentric or median lines, we have recourse to a different line of vegetation, which cuts the first and thus adds to the general harmony (804.). Thus at last what I have insisted upon is satisfactorily accomplished, when we decide to plant evergreens in a landscape garden, so that they are distributed throughout the composition.

PART III.

EXPERIMENTAL ESTHETICS OF COLOURED OBJECTS.

INTRODUCTION.

FIRST SECTION. INTERFERENCE OF THE LAW OF SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST OF COLOURS WITH THE JUDGMENT WE EXERCISE UPON ALL COLOURED BODIES VIEWED UNDER THE RELATION OF THE RESPECTIVE BEAUTY OR PURITY OF THE COLOUR AND OF THE EQUALITY OF THE DISTANCE OF THEIR RESPECTIVE TONES, IF THESE BODIES BELONG TO THE SAME SCALE.

SECOND SECTION.—INTERFERENCE OF THE LAW OF SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST OF COLOURS WITH OUR JUDGMENT OF THE PRODUCTIONS OF VARIOUS ARTS WHICH ADDRESS THE EYE BY COLOURED MATERIALS.

THIRD SECTION. -OF THE PRINCIPLES COMMON TO DIF-
FERENT ARTS WHICH ADDRESS THE

EYE BY VARIOUS COLOURED AND
COLOURLESS MATERIALS.

FOURTH SECTION.—OF THE DISPOSITION of the Mind of THE SPECTATOR, IN RESPECT TO THE JUDGMENT HE FORMS OF AN OBJECT

OF ART WHICH ATTRACTS HIS EYE.

HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE AUTHOR'S RESEARCHES.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS ON CONTRAST.