accessible to foreigners, mingling socially with the | his tired horses, still insisted on halting, she added missionaries there, whom she mentions familiarly tears to her gestures; and the obstinate Koord's by name, as Dr. Bridgeman, Dr. Ball, Mr. Gutzlaff, heart, according to his own statement, was then &c.; the autograph of the last named of whom she irresistibly subdued-so much so, that he went has in Chinese. One of the strongest impressions promptly and cheerfully. Her helplessness and which she seems to have brought from the "celes- dependence, on well known principles, did much, tial empire" is, the imminent insecurity of foreigners doubtless, at once to win for her kindness among at Canton. the bloody Koords, and ward off danger. Madame P. has, however, intrinsic elements of a good traveller. Though she had rode, on the day she reached Oroomiah, almost incessantly, from 1 o'clock, A. M., till eight o'clock, P. M., at the wearisome rate of a caravan, over a very dry, hot, dusty region, a distance of near sixty miles, still, on her arrival, she seemed little tired-was buoyant and cheerful as a lark, (which is probably her habitual temperament,) and was quite ready, the next day, (the only day she stopped with us,) to take a pleasure ride on Mount Seir. From China, Madame Pfeiffer went to Calcutta; and from that city, she travelled overland, across British India, to Bombay, passing through a great variety of incidents and adventures on the way, and holding much pleasant intercourse with Protestant missionaries, (though herself born and educated a Catholic,) at various stations and of different nations. From Bombay, Madame P. went in a steamer to Bussorah; and thence, in another steamer, up to Bagdad; and from Bagdad, she travelled in company with a caravan up to Mosul, as a memento of which place she has a sculptured figure of the human head, taken from the ruins of ancient Nineveh. From Mosul, she crossed the formidable Koordish mountains to Oroomiah—a caravan journey of twelve days, (but protracted, in her case, by tedious delays, to twenty days,) in company with a Koordish muleteer, on a route of greater exposure, humanly speaking, than any other she has travelled during her circuit of the world. After a visit of one day with us, which we all wished could have been longer, Madame Pfeiffer hastened on toward Tabreez, intending to go thence through Georgia to Tiflis, and thence across the Caucasus, through European Russia, to Vienna, hoping to reach her home about the first of November. 66 The adventurous circumstances of Madame Pfeiffer, during many parts of her tour, invest it with the most romantic and thrilling interest. Think, for instance, in her passage across the wild Koordish mountains, of a savage Koord pointing to the tassel on the Turkish fez (cap) she wore, to which he took a fancy, and demanding it of her by the significant gesture of drawing his hand across his throat-meaning, of course, Give me the tassel as you value your head ;" and she, in turn, repelling the demand, by gestures, unable to speak to him a word orally, in any language he could understand. Through many such adventures she made her way safely to Oroomiah, carrying about her person a large sum of money, (by accidental necessity rather than choice,) over the wild regions of Koordistan, in a manner which seems to us truly marvellous. Her practical motto is, never betray fear; and to her strict adherence to that, she expresses herself as greatly indebted for her success in travelling. On the road, Madame Pfeiffer, in these regions, wears the large veil, concealing most of the person, which is commonly worn here by native females, when they go abroad, and rides astride, as they also ride; but her other garments, (with the exception of the Turkish caps above named,) are sufficiently European, in appearance, to distinguish her from natives. Her language, on the way, in these lands, is wholly the language of signs, dictated by necessity, and which she seems often to have made very expressive. On the last day's ride, before reaching Oroomiah, for instance, the stage being two ordinary stages, and the muleteer, at ore time, proposing to halt till the next day, she would rest her head upon her hand, as emblematical of sleep, and repeat Oroomiah; and when the muleteer, from regard to Madame Pfeiffer occupies but a single horse on her journey; her small trunk being slung on one side of the animal, and her scanty bed on the other, and she riding between them. Her fare, on the road, moreover, is extremely simple-consisting of little more than bread and milk-a regimen not more convenient to the traveller, on the score of economy, than conducive, as she says, to her health, and certainly to her security. To those who may be curious in regard to the expenses of her tour round the world, I may repeat her statement, that she had expended, when here, just about one thousand dollars. A passion for travel is the ruling motive that carries Madame Pfeiffer so cheerfully and courageously through all her manifold hardships and perils. She, however, has minor objects, makes large collections of insects and flowers. She is already an authoress of some celebrity, having published a work on Iceland, and another on Syria and the Holy Land, the fruits of her earlier travel; and the copious notes and observations which she is making, during her tour around the globe, will, of course, in due time be given to the world. "A small affair," she pertinently remarked, "would it have been for me to sail around the world, as many have done; it is my land journeys that render my tour a great undertaking, and invest it with interest.' Madame Pfeiffer expressed her purpose, after visiting home and resting a while, of taking North America in her next tour. Possibly, this female | Ledyard will meet with some, in our native land, under whose eye this notice may fall; if so, we would bespeak for her their kind offices, and pledge them, in return, a rare entertainment in making her acquaintance. As ever, very truly yours, J. PERKINS. The Poems of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, with an Introductory Essay on his Life and Writings. N. York. Č. S. Francis & Co. AN undertaking something similar to the present was suggested by Leigh Hunt, in one of his many suggestive volumes, to wit, a pure selection of the Coleridge poems, perfect in form, and distinguished by the highest poetic traits. This is now done in an exceedingly elegant volume, published in a style worthy the original Pickering edition by Francis. It is a book to be in constant demand while youth and woman, or pure and high-minded thoughts in any, survive in the world.-Literary World. From the N. Y. Observer. TREATMENT OF CHOLERA. Constantinople, Aug. 27, 1848. THE cholera is still making dreadful ravages in various parts of Turkey, as well as in some portions of Europe. Mysterious disease! that stretches its gigantic arms from the Red to the White Sea, and at the same moment of time, kills, as in a moment, its hundreds and thousands in Cairo, in Constantinople, and in Petersburg! And thus it moves onward, and onward, and onward, towards the west, awakening the most gloomy forebodings in nations and countries yet unreached, while it leaves desolation and sorrow behind! Quarantines and milito-sanitary cordons are instituted in vain. They have again and again been proved to be most perfectly useless in staying the march of this dreadful pestilence. No quarantines nor disinfecting agents can be of any avail, unless you can adopt means so general and powerful as to change the character of the whole atmosphere around us. There can scarcely be a doubt that the Asiatic cholera, as it is called, depends upon a specific cause, and that that cause is in the atmosphere. Recent observations seem to show that the electric or magnetic fluid has something to do with it. This is a point upon which some light may be thrown in America, should the disease invade that country, as now seems most probable; for the electric telegraphs in operation there are more numerous than in any other country in the world; and if, as has been asserted in Europe, the cholera atmosphere affects these instruments, the fact must surely be observed in America. medical science, may have their minds quieted somewhat, in knowing that there are precautions which, under God, will in most cases secure safety, even in the midst of the greatest exposures. The Asiatic cholera, which when fairly seated is one of the most unmanageable of all diseases— despising all human art and skill, and mocking all the assiduities of friendship, in almost all cases begins with a mild diarrhea, which in that stage is most readily cured. True where the cholera is raging we are continually hearing of persons who arose well in the morning, and are in their graves before night; and it is not to be doubted that there are some cases in which the very first attack is the collapse, from which recovery is rare. But I can say with truth that in every instance, of these sudden deaths of cholera, in which I have been able to investigate the circumstances, I have found that the individual had been laboring under diarrhea for some days previous. Generally this is so slight as not to be much noticed; it is attended with no pains, and no sickness of stomach, perhaps, and gives the person no particular inconvenience. But it is this very diarrhea which is insidiously preparing the system for the most dreadful onset of disease. Whenever the cholera is prevailing in any place, it should be a rule, in every instance, to stop even the slightest diarrhœa immediately. For this we have a remedy always at hand. Opium, in some form or other, must be used immediately, and without fear. In the form of laudanum, perhaps it may be used most conveniently. At such times it should be found in The cholera has now existed in the city of every house; and the master of the family should Constantinople for nearly one entire year; though give the strictest injunction to every inmate of his much of the time it has been of a mild type, and house, to give immediate notice, if attacked with limited in extent. Within the last month, how-| diarrhoea. In mild cases six drops of laudanum ever, it has shown more malignancy than at any former period, and during one week nearly all who were attacked, died. The number of deaths in the city, from cholera alone, during that week, was reported at 1,100. At the same time, the disease has been raging at Broosa, Nicomedia, Adabara, Magnesia, Urntab, Aleppo, and various other places in the interior. Trebizond was dreadfully visited a year ago, and now the disease has returned with such violence as to drive almost everybody from the city that had the means of fleeing. It has just begun its ravages at Smyrna, where it is to be feared it will be particularly severe. As I have intimated, this scourge of the human race is moving westward. It will doubtless by and by be heard of from France and England, and then it will cross the Atlantic, as before, to perform its direful mission in America. My principal object in introducing the subject into this letter is to communicate some facts concerning its treatment, which have been learned by experience in this part of the world, and which, though they may not be new to professional men in America, may tend to corroborate what they have already observed and heard on the subject, while those of your readers who are not versed in for an adult will be sufficient to check the disease. The dose should be repeated every four hours, until the diarrhea is stopped. This is a most important direction. In severe cases of diarrhea a larger dose must be used, and the dose may be increased indefinitely without the least injury, so long as the effect of checking the diarrhea is not produced. I have been called to prescribe in a great multitude of cases of cholera, in this incipient stage, and I have found every one of them to yield to this medicine. The prescription is one which our good brother Doctor Smith left with his brethren in Turkey in anticipation of the cholera, when he was returning to America; and by the blessing of God I do believe it has saved thousands of lives. Our native brethren in Nicomedia and Broosa having been instructed on the subject by Dr. Smith, have been exceedingly useful as instruments of checking the disease in a great multitude of cases. Many even of their worst enemies among the Americans have flocked to them for this medicine, and having proved its virtues have become their best friends. I have used with the best effects, in many severe cases, when there was much pain, and tendency to cramps, and coldness in the extremi very violently ties, a mixture of equal parts of Laudanum, Tinc-| A Protestant American was ture of Rhubarb and Tincture of Camphor. Of attacked one night, with what his physician called this, eighteen drops may be given for an adult at a "the most awful case of cholera he had ever dose, in mild cases, to be increased according to witnessed." He died within twenty-four hours! circumstances. Of all epidemic or contagious The facts concerning the case, however, are these. diseases none excites more general alarm than the He had had a similar attack two or three weeks malignant cholera, and yet I know of none that previous, and had been cured, by the blessing of gives such timely premonitions of its approach, God, on the remedies mentioned above. The and that is so perfectly under human control (so day before his second attack, while he was still to speak) as this is, in this early stage. weak from the first, he walked many miles and became very much fatigued, and certain circumstances had also very much agitated his mind. He ate a hearty meal in the evening, partly of beans and meat, which no doubt was the immediate cause of the attack; and after the diarrhoea commenced, nothing was done to check it for several hours, and when at last a physician was called, it was too late! Of course, when there is a tendency to diarrhoea in cholera times, the strictest attention should be paid to diet, and fruits and crude vegetables should be carefully avoided. Wherever the cholera prevails, it has been found that most people are easily inclined to bowel complaints, and this is an indication that the diet of people generally should be regulated accordingly. A sudden change from a generous to a low diet in such circumstances has been found quite injurious. A person who is well should continue to eat very much as he has been accustomed to, except that most people eat too much, as a general rule, and except that fruits and certain vegetables, which at other times would be harmless, under the cholera atmosphere are apt to produce diarrhoea. I will close my communication, by giving some particulars of two or three cases, under many that have come under my own observation, to illustrate what I have said above. I was awakened one night about midnight by two of my own children -one 15 and the other 13 years of age. They had both been suddenly attacked with diarrhoea and vomiting, accompanied with the severest pains, amounting almost to cramps, in the stomach. The cholera was prevailing around, and, of course, I had the greatest reason for apprehension that this was a sudden attack of this disease. I administered immediately full doses of the mixture mentioned above, repeating it every two hours as long as the symptoms continued urgent. I gave also the oil of peppermint, and repeatedly applied the spirit of camphor, with friction, to the region of the stomach. The next day they were both well again, excepting of course some debility from the preceding night's attack. They had both eaten freely the day before of a dish of stringed beans, and I remarked that each upward evacuation of the stomach, brought with it some of these beans, in precisely the same state in which they had been eaten twelve hours before. A European merchant of my acquaintance residing in Galeta, arose one morning, and took a sea bath, as he was accustomed to do. He then attended to various matters of business, which required him to walk several miles back and forth in this city. He returned to his lodgings quite ill, sometime in the forenoon, and before night of the same day he was a corpse, having died of a most violent attack of cholera ! This case was reported as one of death almost on the very first attack, but I ascertained, on inquiry, that this individual had been suffering with diarrhoea for eight or ten days previous! Fain would I hope that our beloved country may be saved from the ravages of this scourge ;but this can hardly be expected. It will probably come, and come to many, as a thief in the night," although the warning has been long and loud. The class of people among whom it makes its greatest desolations, are those who use habitually the intoxicating cup. I don't know that even the strictest attention to the rules I have given above, will avail to save the drunkard, when he is once attacked. When the seeds of this disease are cast into such a man's system, it is like striking fire into a box of tinder. The whole internal coatings of his stomach, besides other vital organs, are already diseased, and he is a subject of which the cholera will make very short work. It makes one shudder to think how many drunkards will be suddenly ushered into eternity by this dire disease! Many who are esteemed temperate in these habits, will also fall. God designs this as his scourge upon the nations; and let it be our prayer that the nations may be led thereby to repentance. Of how many sins is our own nation guilty before God! and how little is thought of them, and felt for them, and how rarely are they confessed! Let us imitate the godly Ezra and Nehemiah in confessing, not only our own sins, but the sins of our people-of our whole country, and like them, let us plead with God for his pardoning mercies and that he will avert his threatened wrath from us. I am happy to add that in some parts of Turkey, where the gospel is preached, the visitation of the cholera has been attended with the happiest spiritual results. Some who were dead in trespasses and sins have been awakened thereby ; some enemies have been made friends; and the Holy Spirit is now evidently striving with the hearts of some who have heretofore shown the most stupid unconcern, in regard to the things of eternity. May such fruits abound more and more, through the working of God's mighty power. I remain, gentlemen, Very sincerely yours, H. G. O. DWIGHT. CHAPTER VII. VOGEL ISLET. WHO was ever happier than Rolf, when abroad in his skiff, on one of the most glorious days of the year? He found his angling tolerably successful near home; but the further he went, the more the herrings abounded; and he therefore dropped down the fiord with the tide, fishing as he receded, till all home objects had disappeared. First, the farm-house, with its surrounding buildings, its green paddock, and shining white beach, was hidden behind the projecting rocks. Then Thor islet appeared to join with the nearest shore, from which its bushes of stunted birch seemed to spring. Then, as the skiff dropped lower and lower down, the interior mountains appeared to rise above the rocks which closed in the head of the fiord, and the snowy peak of Sulitelma stood up clear amidst the pale blue sky; the glaciers on its sides catching the sunlight on different points, and glittering so that the eye could scarcely endure to rest upon the mountain. When he came to the narrow part of the fiord, near the creek which had been the scene of Erica's exploit, Rolf laid aside his rod, with the bright hook that herrings so much admire, to guide his canoe through the currents caused by the approach of the rocks and contraction of the passage; and he then wished he had brought Erica with him, so lovely was the scene. Every crevice of the rocks, even where there seemed to be no soil, was tufted with bushes, every twig of which was bursting into the greenest leaf, while here and there a clump of dark pines overhung some busy cataract, which, itself overshadowed, sent forth its little clouds of spray, dancing and glittering in the sun-light. A pair of fishing eagles were perched on a high ledge of rock, screaming to the echoes, so that the dash of the currents was lost in the din. Rolf did wish that Erica was here when he thought how the color would have mounted into her cheek, and how her eye would have sparkled at such a scene. Lower down it was scarcely less beautiful. The waters spread out again, to a double width. The rocks were, or appeared to be, lower; and now and then, in some space between rock and rock, a strip of brilliant green meadow lay open to the sunshine; and there were large flocks of fieldfares, flying round and round, to exercise the newly-fledged young. There were a few habitations scattered along the margin of the fiord; and two or three boats might be seen far off, with diminutive figures of men drawing their nets. 66 "I am glad I brought my net too," thought Rolf. 'My rod has done good duty; but if I am coming upon a shoal, I will cast my net, and be home laden with fish, before they think of looking for me." Happy would it have been if Rolf had cast his net where others were content to fish, and had given up all idea of going further than was necessary; but his boat was still dropping down towards the islet which he had fixed in his own mind as the limit of his trip; and the long solitary reach of the fiord which now lay between him and it was tempting both to the eye and the mind. It is difficult to turn back from the first summer-day trip, in countries where summer is less beautiful than in Nordland; and on went Rolf, beyond the bounds of prudence, as many have done before him. He soon found himself in a still and somewhat dreary region, where there was no motion but of the sea-birds which were leading their broods down the shores of the fiords, and of the air which appeared to quiver before the eye, from the evaporation caused by the heat of the sun. More slowly went the canoe here, as if to suit the quietness of the scene, and leisurely and softly did Rolf cast his net; and then steadily did he draw it in, so rich in fish, that when they lay in the bottom of the boat, they at once sank it deeper in the water and checked its speed by their weight. Rolf then rested awhile, and looked ahead for Vogel islet, thinking that he could not now be very far from it. There it lay looming in the heated atmosphere spreading as if in the air, just above the surface of the water, to which it appeared joined in the middle by a dark stem, as if it grew like a huge sea-flower. There is no end to the strange appearances presented in northern climates by an atmosphere so different from our own. Rolf gazed and gazed, as the island grew more like itself on his approach; and he was so occupied with it as not to look about him as he ought to have done, at such a distance from home. He was roused at length by a shout, and looked towards the point from which it came; and there, in a little harbor of the fiord, a recess which now actually lay behind him-between him and home-lay a vessel; and that vessel, he knew by a second glance, was the pirate-schooner. Of the schooner itself he had no fear; for there was so little wind that it could not have come out in time to annoy him; but there was the schooner's boat, with five men in it-four rowing and one steering-already in full pursuit of him. He knew, by the general air and native dress of the man at the helm, that it was Hund; and he fancied he heard Hund's malicious voice in the shout which came rushing over the water from their boat to his. How fast they seemed to be coming! How the spray from their oars glittered in the sun; and how their wake lengthened with every stroke! No spectator from the shore (if there had been any) could have doubted that the boat was in pursuit of the skiff, and would snap it up presently. Rolf saw that he had five determined foes, gaining upon him every instant; and yet he was not alarmed. He had had his reasons for thinking himself safe near Vogel islet; and, calculating for a moment the time of the tide, he was quite at his ease. As he took his oars, he smiled at the hot haste of his pursuers, and at the thought of the amazement they would feel when he slipped through their fingers; and then he began to row. Rolf did not over-heat himself with too much exertion. He permitted his foes to gain a little upon him, though he might have preserved the dis tance for as long as his strength could have held out against that of the four in the other boat. They ceased their shouting when they saw how quietly he took his danger. They really believed that he was not aware of being their object, and hoped to seize him suddenly, before he had time to resist. light but a little which found its way through the bushy screen, and up from the green water; and the sounds-the tones of the pirates' voices, and the splash of the waters against the rocky walls of his singular prison-came deadened and changed to his ear. Yet he heard enough to be aware how long his enemies remained, and when they were really gone. It was a prison indeed, as Rolf reflected when he looked upon his broken skiff. He could not im certainly never think of coming to look for him here; but he put off the consideration of this point for the present, and turned away from the image of Erica's distress when he should fail to return. He amused himself now with imagining Hund's disappointment, and the reports which would arise from it; and he found this so very entertaining, that he laughed aloud; and then the echo of his laughter sounded so very merry, that it set him laughing again. This, in its turn, seemed to rouse the eider-ducks that thronged the island; and their clatter and commotion was so great overhead, that any spectator might have been excused for believing that Vogel islet was indeed bewitched. When very near the islet, however, Rolf became more active; and his skiff disappeared behind its southern point while the enemy's boat was still two furlongs off. The steersman looked for the re-agine how he was to get away; for his friends would appearance of the canoe beyond the islet; but he looked in vain. He thought, and his companions agreed with him, that it was foolish of Rolf to land upon the islet, where they could lay hands on him in a moment; but they could only suppose he had done this, and prepared to do the same. They rowed quite round the islet; but, to their amazement, they could not only perceive no place to land at, but there was no trace of the canoe. It seemed to them as if those calm and clear waters had swallowed up the skiff and Rolf in a few minutes after they had lost sight of him. Hund thought the case was accounted for, when he recalled Nipen's displeasure. A thrill ran through him as he said to himself that the spirits of the region had joined with him against Rolf and swallowed up, almost before his eyes, the man he hated. He put his hands before his face, for a moment, while his comrades stared at him; then, thinking he must be under a delusion, he gazed earnestly over the waters, as far as he could see. They lay calm and bright; and there was certainly no kind of vessel on their surface, for miles round. The rowers wondered, questioned, uttered shouts, spoke all together, and then looked at Hund in silence, struck by his countenance; and finished by rowing two or three times round the islet, slowly, and looking up its bare rocky sides, which rose like walls from the water; but nothing could they see or hear. When tired of their fruitless search they returned to the schooner, ready to report to the master that the fiord was enchanted. Meantime, Rolf had heard every plash of their oars, and every tone of their voices, as they rowed round his place of refuge. He was not on the islet, but in it. This was such an island as Swein, the sea-king of former days, took refuge in; and Rolf was only following his example. Long before, he had discovered a curious cleft in the rock, very narrow, and all but invisible at high water, even if a bush of dwarf ash and birch had not hung down over it. At high water, nothing larger than a bird could go in and out beneath the low arch; but there was a cavern within, whose sandy floor sloped up to some distance above high-water mark. In this cavern was Rolf. He had thrust his little skiff between the walls of rock, crushing in its sides as he did so. The bushes drooped behind him, hanging naturally over the entrance, as before. Rolf pulled up his broken vessel upon the little sandy beach within the cave; saved a pile of his fish, and returned a good many to the water; and then sat down upon the sea-weeds to listen. There was no CHAPTER VIII.-A SUMMER APARTMENT. "HUMPH! How little did the rare old sea-king think," said Rolf to himself, as he surveyed his cave-"how little did Swein think, when he played this very trick, six hundred years ago, that it would save a poor farm-servant from being murdered, so many centuries after! Many thanks to my good grandmother for being so fond of that story! She taught it thoroughly to me before she died; and that is the reason of my being safe at this moment. I wish I had told the people at home of my having found this cave; for, as it is, they cannot but think me lost; and how Erica will bear it, I don't know. And yet, if I had told them, Hund would have heard it; or, at least, Stiorna, and she would have managed to let him know. Perhaps it is best as it is, if only I can get back in time to save Erica's heart from breaking. But for her, I should not mind the rest being in a fright for a day or two. They are a little apt to fancy that the affairs of the farm go by nature— that the fields and the cattle take care of themselves. They treat me liberally enough; but they are not fully aware of the value of a man like me; and now they will learn. They will hardly know how to make enough of me when I go back. Oddo will be the first to see me. I think, however, I should let them hear my best song from a distance. Let me see- -which song shall it be? It must be one which will strike Peder; for he will be the first to hear, as Oddo always is to see. Some of them will think it is a spirit mocking, and some that it is my ghost; and my master and madame will take it to be nothing but my own self. And then, in the doubt among all these, my poor Erica will faint away; and while they are throwing water upon her face, and putting some camphorated |