among them you fancy that you have seen antioned above as having been prepared by myself indistinct something falling helplessly earthward-and submitted to the Sportsman's Club of New that you have heard the thud of his tumble on the York, has been presented by petition from the moist ground. Nevertheless, anxious although counties of Rockland and Orange, has passed the you be, and doubtful of your own success, you stir legislature of the state, and is now law for those not from the spot. At the report of the gun, your two gallant counties. There is no more summer dog couched instantly; you can scarcely see him, cock-shooting, gentlemen, in Orange or Rockland so closely has he charged among the water-grass, the first two counties of America in which I ever with his nose pressed into the very earth between pulled a trigger. Bravo, the river counties! Who his paws. will be the next to follow the glorious example? Long Island, Westchester, Putnam, Dutchessand last, not least, New Jersey-the eyes of men are upon you!

You

You drop your butt upon the toe of your boot, if the ground be very wet, and begin to load, rapidly, yet coolly and deliberately. Yes! you have killed him; you may see the feathers floating yonder, in the still murky air of the windless swamp. half-cock your locks, and apply the caps; and, THE LARGEST CORAL FORMATION.-ROLLING OF expectant of the coming order, Don lifts his nose WAVES.-A barrier-reef off the north-east coast of wistfully. "Hold up, seek dead!" and carefully, the continent of Australia, is the grandest coral gingerly, as if he were treading upon eggs, know-formation existing. Rising at once from an unfathing as well as you do that the bird is dead, and knowing pretty well where he is, at a slow trot, moving his nose from this side to that, snuffing the tainted air, and whipping his flanks with his feathered stern, he draws onward at a slow trot. Now he has caught the scent, he straightens his neck, quickens his pace a little, decidedly and boldly, and stands firm. "Good dog; fetch." He stoops, picks up the dead bird, by the tip of the wing only, and brings him, without ruffling a feather. How conscious, how happy, how perfectly aware that he has merited your approbation, that you have both played your parts handsomely, as he hands you the trophy!

A more general feature of interest than the sporting descriptions, merely as descriptions, is the illustration they afford of American opinions and the progress of agriculture and society. Some

passages

omable ocean, it extends one thousand miles along the coast, with a breadth varying from two hundred yards to a mile, and at an average distance of from twenty to thirty miles from the shore, in some places increasing to sixty and even seventy miles. The great arm of the sea included between it and the land is nowhere less than ten, occasionally sixty fathoms deep, and is safely navigable throughout its whole length, with a few transverse openings, by which ships can enter. The reef is nearly twelve hundred miles long, because it stretches nearly across Torres Straits.-Mrs. Somerville.

sound."

The rolling of the billows along this great Australian formation has been admirably described : "The long ocean-swell, being suddenly impeded by this barrier, lifts itself in one great continuous ridge of deep blue water, which, curling over, falls on the edge of the reef in an unbroken cataract of dazzling white foam. Each line of breaker runs often of these have been exhibited in the one or two miles in length, with not a perceptible already quoted, and the book abounds with them. gap in its continuity. There is a simple grand display of power and beauty in this scene, that rises Field sports in America cannot be pursued so even to sublimity. The unbroken roar of the surf, exclusively as in the old country; nor can game with its regular pulsation of thunder, as each sucbe preserved in the same way. There are, how-ceeding swell falls first on the outer edge of the ever, game-laws, as to seasons; and the laws reef, is almost deafening, yet so deep-toned, as not against trespassers would suffice for game-preserv- to interfere with the slightest nearer and sharper ing if the landowners pleased. With the mass of people the game restrictions are as unpopular as they ever were in this country; and the sympathy of non-sporting citizens is with the poachers. Yet, strange to say, while game and game-laws are assailed in aristocratic Great Britain with a view to their abrogation, and the legislature is gradually yielding to the assault, something like a favorable leaning seems entertained for them by the states in democratic America. This may be owing to the exertions of the sporting clubs, and of individuals through the periodical press, as well as to a fear that may arise in the minds of men not addicted to field sports, lest the indigenous races of animals should be wantonly extinguished. Be this as it may, a law against summer woodcock shooting, suggested by Mr. Forester, (though, as we have seen, he indulged in the sport himself,) has been passed in two of the counties of New York, while his book was passing through the press. Hear his "Io triumphe."

At the moment of correcting the press of this page, I learn that the game-law, which I men

EARLY GENIUS OF ALEXANDER BRONGNIART.The celebrated Alexander Brongniart, who died in October, 1847, derived from conversations with Franklin the germ of that mild and practical philosophy which he never abandoned; from those of formed one of the foundations of his scientific caLavoisier, his earliest notions of chemistry, which reer. He gave early indications of that clearness of elocution which formed one of his merits as a professor; and it is related that Lavoisier himself took pleasure in listening to a lecture on chemistry delivered by Brongniart, when he was scarcely filteen years old. At nineteen years of age, too, he was one of the founders of the Société Philomatique.-Funeral Eloge, by M. Elie de Beaumont.

CHANGES OF VEGETATION AND CLIMATE.-M. Adolphe Brongniart considers everything to prove, on the one hand, that the different vegetable creations which have succeeded each other on the globe, have become more and more perfect; on the other hand, that the climate of the surface of the earth is greatly modified since the earlier times of the creation of living beings up to the commencement of the present epoch.

CORRESPONDENCE.

Paris, 19 October, 1848.

breathed fury, fire and blood; some sixty of the adjacent democrats abstained from the urns. They would not pledge themselves either to support or YESTERDAY my engagements of business were opposition, until they saw in what direction and such that I was obliged to defer until this morning by what policy the regenerated executive should the use of my notes on the events of the week. be propelled. The National was not content; at Leisure does not remain to me for a digest, or the first, the editors essayed to divert the president of communication of half of what my livret affords. the republic from the admission of chiefs of the You may, therefore, be content with a mere med-republicans of the morrow, so prominent under the ley. Our most important political concern was monarchy, so formidable in their faculties and the modification of President Cavaignac's cabinet. personal consideration as Dufaure and Vivien. He and his real friends grew sensible, from the How exasperating a coalition for the red republic! votes of the Assembly, that a considerable majority how invidious a choice for the jealous and suspidesired a change, and required the substitution of cious original democrats of every denomination and men of the old school, of established superiority in hue! However, the National has softened down, talents and experience, for some of the ministers, and happily qualifies its dissent, as you will obnoxious to particular distrust. Two ex-depu- see by its leading article of yesterday, which I ties, who had been ministers of Louis Philippe, have caused to be translated for you, and which and whose agency in the committees and in the strikes me as applicable in part to our own countribune of the Assembly recommended them to try.

universal esteem and confidence, were prevailed On Monday evening, I accompanied my family upon to accept the departments of the interior and to the levee or public reception of General Cathe public works. They are Dufaure and Vivien, vaignac. The old lady, his mother, of plain but in the place of Senard and Recurt. At the same prepossessing exterior, sat alone, near him, while time, Cavaignac consented to part with Vaulabelle, he stood against the mantle-piece to welcome his the historian, minister of public instruction, and numberless visitors. When I had surveyed the welcome in his stead a lawyer of Angers, a company, through four spacious rooms, I could republican of the eve, not tinctured with socialism, well exclaim that I had at length seen La Répuba ready debater, a sedulous and intelligent func-lique Démocratique et Sociale. Never was there tionary, yet not specially qualified for the post. a more chequered assemblage; more than seemed The ministry taken by Dufaure, that of the inte- to me the young guarde mobile, ci-devant gamins rior, is far, at this juncture, the most important; of Paris; pell-mell were members of the National it determines the whole internal civil administration Assembly, the new and the ex-deputies; the of the country; it may exert a decisive influence diplomatic corps with their stars and other decoraon the election of president of the republic, now, tions; general officers and others in full uniform; as with you, the engrossing subject. Little did several of the ministers; a few ladies in splendid any of the members of the chamber of deputies dresses; and here and there an officer of the imagine, on the 24th of February last, when national guards. Cavaignac is thin; the usual the so called people drove them from the violated hall, that before the end of the next October, two of the most loyal to the Orleans dynasty would be chief rulers in the republic, and most of the dynastic opposition in the chamber regulate the work of the committees and the sentiments of the majority of the National Republican Assembly. The modification was officially announced on Saturday, and Monday fixed for the explanations of Cavaignac and the programme of the new ministry. Anxiety prevailed, public and private, everywhere, on Sunday and Monday morning. On Monday, about ten o'clock, in visiting a representative, I found myself in the midst of seven or eight of his colleagues, moderate and sagacious patriots, who feared that the Assembly might not be prepared for so material a change in the composition of the executive branch, for the new policy of fusion so hateful to the classes of extreme Our advices from Italy and Germany are condemocrats, the contrivers, instruments, and apostles fused and contradictory; by the end of the week of the revolution of February. However, after a we shall know the fate of Vienna and the real most earnest and impressive debate, a skilful expo- posture of affairs in Italy. The Assembly has sition by Dufaure, and manly acknowledgments ratified the elections of Martinique, and Monsieur from Cavaignac, the Assembly passed, by a very Pory-Papy, a dark mulatto, one of the three large and imposing majority, a vote of confi- representatives, defended them in a fluent, vehedence in the mixed administration. The Mountain ment and logical speech.

expression of his countenance is anxious; he is tall and muscular, with an Arab face; I should conjecture that his health has suffered by the cares and perils of state. We were present yesterday, at the installation, in the cathedral of Notre Dame, of the new archbishop-a worthy, liberal prelate, and a learned theologian. More concerning this ceremonial, hereafter. We had the pleasure of remarking the presence of Dr. Wainwright, of New York, Mrs. Wainwright, and their daughter. It is affirmed, this day, that the final vote on the constitution will be taken, in the Assembly, on the 27th or 28th inst., that the executive will propose the 25th of next month for the election of the president of the republic, and that the Assembly will adjourn to the 5th December, after voting the constitution, leaving a committee of sixty with plenary powers.

Since the very able pamphlet of our lamented | troversy respecting the planet Neptune. Babinet countryman, Mr. Wheaton, on the Schleswig- is now disavowed on all hands. I am curious in Holstein question, I have read no exposition so relation to the further discussion which your Prosatisfactory as an article in the La Revue des Deux fessor Pierce may bestow on his subject. Our Mondes, of the 1st inst., entitled Denmark and principal new pamphlet is one under the title, the Germanic Confederation. This embraces not Studies on Socialism, or Communism judged by merely the rights of the Danes, but the wrongs History, by Franck, the erudite professor of phiwhich the Confederation has inflicted. It is for- losophy in the College of France. He treats his tunate that the armistice has been sanctioned, and subject with characteristic acuteness and learning, the renewal of the iniquitous war in Denmark ren- and shows that, in this case, there is really nothdered, by new circumstances, nearly impossible. ing new under the sun, nor anything which huHer whole population is not more than two mil-man experience has not decided. The dissertalions and a half; in losing Holstein, it is reduced tion, to the same effect, of Cherbuliez, the Genefour hundred and fifty thousand, and if Schleswig van professor, is also much valued. We have a were torn from her, it would be a deduction of pamphlet of sixty-three pages, beautifully printed, three hundred and sixty thousand more: the total and dedicated to Pope Pius IX., on the Canalizaloss a third, and the sequel nearly certain ruin to tion of the Isthmuses of Suez and Panama, by the the monarchy which now claims our sympathies, Brotherhood of the Maritime Company of Saintbesides, as a constitutional, democratic regenera- Pius, "a religious, military, and industrial order;" tion. It is important to the world as a consider- the author is M. de Magny. He understands the able maritime power, and Europe cannot boast of question, and writes with elegance; his scheme a worthier people-honest, valiant, industrious. may, however, appear fantastic. Under the treaty with New Grenada, the United States will know how to achieve the noble and fruitful enterprise. Three productions of Lamartine's prolific and I may add restless pen, are advertised as forthcoming in a short time; the first, Letters on Property-whether in contradiction or emulation of the book of Thiers on the same topic, is not said; the second, a History of the Revolution of 1848, and of the Foundation of the Republic-which I should presume to be still less trustworthy than his History of the Girondists. His art in narrative is an electro-magnetic gilding like that of Ruoltz and Elkington. The third is Raphael," pages of his twentieth year," which, as the publisher proclaims, all who have read the manuscript, pronounce to be the literary chef-d'œuvre of the illustrious author. Lamartine vamps his old manuscripts, and plies his pen, still, for money. Enormous prices are

There is much excellent matter in the number of the Revue des Deux Mondes which was issued on the 16th inst. The twenty-six pages devoted to Hungary in 1848, furnish a complete view of the causes and nature of the struggle between that kingdom and the imperial government of Austria; the spectacle upon which Europe, since the successful insurrection at Vienna, gazes with the deepest concern. It has, in a manner, suspended interest, here, in domestic events; every one feels that if the insurgents in Austria should prevail, the red republic in France will be excited and emboldened to a new and desperate outbreak. So far, that has succeeded in the Austrian capital, which was attempted and so happily baffled in Paris in June last; if it fails now, the French government will have additional confidence in the military forces to which we are indebted for the existing tranquillity.

paid for the copy-rights. After having delivered his brilliant harangue on the mode of electing the president of the republic, he asked of the Assembly, on the plea of health, a congé of ten days. He is among his constituents of Macon. Jeroine Paturot in Search of a Republic, continues the most popular of the new books. The recent number of the London Quarterly Review exhibits its merits, and turns it to political account. The History of Madame de Maintenon and the principal events of the Reign of Louis XIV., by the Duke de Noailles, begins to attract, what it certainly deserves, the attention of the literary critics and amateurs. It contains inedited details of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantz. Walckenaer's additional volume on Madame de Sevigné and her times, is likewise in some request. Lord Brougham's tract on the French Revolution reached us early. Much truth-much error. His personal

The history, dispositions, and aims of the races engaged in the conflict in Germany, and the lives and characters of the chiefs, give a romantic cast to the subject, and infinite consequence to the results. The Review describes young Germany as presumptuous, daring, and reckless, and as sacrificing, in the case of Hungary, true German interests, to the Magyars, who deny to the Sclavonians the very liberties which they extorted for themselves from Austria. In Hungary, the most violent of the revolutionary zealots did not venture to utter the word republic: the name of the king had too much sway and prestige with the rural masses, and even the populace of the cities; they did everything in that name, but, in fact, without the royal assent. If no compromise be effected, the shadow of the monarchy will soon disappear. We have another article of forty pages, an ample and most instructive disquisition, entitled German history and character derogate from his effusions. Atheism and French Socialism, justly associated The London Times scarcely deals too harshly thus, because, in truth, they have been formally with him in the following paragraph :

and closely allied. The Scientific Chronicle de

cides, absolutely, in favor of Leverrier, in the con

Lord Brougham's whole life is a struggle against

that law of our existence which makes every mem- | cultural labors, and the several phases of vegetaber of the human race one, and only one. Of course tion, are, for the same localities and the same altiit would be very amusing, and perhaps very useful, tudes, identical in ancient and modern Italy; and to be a dozen people at once. But that cannot be. Every man drags his own past behind him, and finally, that, since the age of Augustus to the carries his own future. Lord Brougham is always present era, the climate of Italy has not undergone trying to cast his old slough, and come out glisten- any sensible modifications in its mean temperature, ing and gay in a novel exterior. Harry Brougham its annual or even monthly." A new system of is the tin-kettle tied to his tail. Yet he cannot for- steam-engines submitted by Boutigny, eminent in get that he was once that friend of the people. natural philosophy, engages the attention of the Even in this correspondence he calls himself Lord Academy, and all persons directly concerned in loBrougham on Friday, and on Monday signs himcomotives. Boutigny asserts, from numerous exself plain H. Brougham. He does not know whether he is an Englishman or a Frenchman; periments, the existence, before unknown, of a and if the people of the frontier had not committed fourth physical state of bodies, different from the a fatal impertinence in asking for his passport, solid, liquid and gaseous, and to which he attaches no doubt Charles Albert by this time would have the epithet spheroidal. He attempts to explain, by owned part of his allegiance. We do not think we means of the spheroidal state which water assumes have seen the last of his variations. But let not in over-heated boilers, "those fulminating explothe French quarrel with his pamphlet. If they will only be patient, they will have him before sions of which the occult unknown cause frustrates long; and we shall hear of Lord Brougham being all the precautions taken to prevent those formiclosetted with President Cavaignac, Lamartine, dable phenomena." He conceived that water, in Louis Napoleon, or whoever it may happen to be, the spheroidal state, could be employed at once as just as he used to "drop in" upon his friend Louis a precious auxiliary on board steam-vessels, and Philippe at the Tuileries. that, by its agency in this way, the power of machines might be doubled momentally, and this Michelet has just issued the first part of the without any change in the present form of the third volume of his History of the French Revolu- engines. He thinks he has invented a new and tion. It is a tribute to the red republic. J. J. precious moteur, and he averts all danger of exAmpère's duodecimo, Greece Rome, and Dante, plosion. A skilful engineer has constructed for or Literary Studies from Nature, will not impair him, on the principle of his discovery, an engine of his reputation as a savant and writer. The tenth one horse-power, of which the size of the boiler is volume of the Scientific Exploration of Algeria-- not larger than may be easily put in the pocket; a work published by order of the government-is two other engines, one of two horse-power, and on sale. It bears the title Historical and Geo- another of four, are being built in Paris; a third, graphical Sciences. The stage has been supplied of four hundred horse-power, is about to be con-I cannot say enriched—with a wild and immor- structed in England. The quantity of coal used al drama, by Leon Goslan; it bears the palm, in a given time for a given purpose will be less than for the moment, at the Porte Saint-Martin; and in the old engines; the new will occupy less space with a distorted composition by Alexander Dumas, in vessels-leaving more for passengers and merCatiline, a piece in five acts and seven tableaux.chandise; and they may be adapted perfectly to It has a political drift throughout. Cicero figures vehicles running on ordinary roads. Boutigny as the great conservative or réactionnaire; on the adds, that the experiments with the engines, so whole, it serves to excite the anarchists more than to far, are entirely satisfactory and conclusive. Flanstrengthen the cause of order, which Dumas pro- din, a chemist of the first order, has found a fessed to advocate before he failed as a candidate means of depriving the flour and fecula of the for the National Assembly. Mademoiselle Rachel horse-chestnut of its bitter, so as to render them exhas withdrawn from the Théatre de la République cellent food; it comes nearest to wheat in the on the ground of discontent with the internal quantity and quality of the nutritive principle. economy, and the advice of her physicians. Her The method is simple and cheap. The pulp of absence will be the more felt as she has never won the chestnut is reduced to flour, or the fecula is exstronger admiration than in her recent perform-tracted; then carbonate of soda is added in the ances-especially the part of Agrippina in Racine's Britannicus. We might rejoice if a sea-voyage should be prescribed to her, to afford you a chance of witnessing her superiority as a tragic actress over her contemporaries. The theatres are regain-water, perfectly good aliment. The carbonate ing prosperity; the capital seems to me, in my extensive walks, to be crowded as it was at this season last year.

On the 9th inst., at the Academy of Sciences, Dureau de la Malle read the sequel to his interesting memoir on the comparative climatology of ancient and modern Italy. His general conclusion is as follows: "I terminate by affirming that the epochs, or at least the limits, of the different agri

proportion of 1 or 1 to the 100. Thus a hundred and twenty or a hundred and eighty pounds of flour, with the addition of two pounds of carbonate of soda, becomes, after being washed with cold

costs only a few cents the pound. The flour is rich in fecula. It is believed that the process for the purification of the horse-chestnut may be applied to many other vegetable tissues; and, on the other hand, the bitter essences extracted will furnish matter of interesting research. A scientific authority holds this language-"It would be superfluous to dwell on the economical value of such a discovery. The horse-chestnut is a most

will she not be obliged to pass, before she realizes that union which so many consecutive ages have not been able to form, and to which the present offers such powerful obstacles?

abundant product, easy to gather, impervious for new partition of Poland in the Duchy of Posen, insects, and capable of being preserved a long when it appeared most prudent to give redress to. time. The crops of many years may be accumu- this great victim? By whose hand has the blood lated in a very dry furrow, and forms a precious of the Bohemians flowed, deluging the streets of and exuberant supply in years of bad harvest such desolate Prague? Who are the most ardent eneas the last. Mr. Flandin observes, that a horse- mies of Italian independence? As to the intechestnut tree planted at the door of a peasant rep-rior constitution of New Germany, by how many resents for him the value of a field of potatoes. " vicissitudes, through how many internal struggles, A French professor of gastronomics remarks, that he who invents a new dish does more for the weal of mankind than he who discovers a star. Flandin's achievement is superior; he has converted into wholesome food a common and abundant substance, hitherto cast aside; he repairs the evil of the potato rot with which France is still constantly threatened. The French agriculturists have often tried in vain to cultivate and employ the bearded wheat of Italy known there by the name of Marzolo. A gentleman has, however, at length completely succeeded in Normandy; the straw serves in Italy for the fabric of fine bonnets and hats. The specimens of the Normandy straw are found by the Paris manufacturers of the finest quality; the processes are to be described.

Extract from La Revue des Deux Mondes. DENMARK AND THE GERMAN CONFEDERATION OF THE 1ST OCTOBER.

THERE remains the great theory of the future, the question of the real and corporeal unity of Germany, the right race from which science will educe the new international code. Who will venture to contest the gravity of this theory, when we look at all the agitations which convulse Europe, from the Rhine to the Vistula, from the Alps to the Black Sea? The idea of race contains in itself, we do not doubt, unknown renovations; the renewal of old nations, counted as dead, and if we may so say, a remodelling of Europe upon a solid and rational basis. May the desired hour for these great events soon come, and for our part we will salute it with enthusiasm! Here is a means assured to hasten its coming, and we would cordially recommend it to Germany; in the first place to renounce for herself, and by a noble act of disinterestedness, the domination of southern Italy, Triest and Illyria, Bohemia, Poland and Hungary; then, to realize her unity on her own proper territory, to destroy the thirty-eight local sovereignties of which the confederation is formed; to embrace within her own bosom the great as well as little states; to cause Austria, Bavaria, Saxony and Wurtemburg to disappear, as well as Prussia, so that there should be one body and one head. Oh! assuredly the day when Frankfort shall have accomplished this great sacrifice on the one hand, and this great work on the other, victorious Germanism would be, legally, able to discuss with Europe the rights of New Germany over Holstein.

The dismemberment of Denmark in order to benefit Germany is not then more authorized by natural rights of race than by written rights of treaties. The diplomats of Prussia and the confederation are thus condemned by good sense and public reason to withdraw themselves into the circle of modern conventions and actual usages without going back to the past as far as the middle ages, and without placing themselves by anticipation in a future which is scarcely open to them. The diplomacy of the powers of Europe will not fail to set the question upon this footing, and by this single fact the question will resolve itself in the Danish sense, for history and the stipulations of the treaties are precise; Schleswig belongs in full right and forever to Denmark, and Holstein must remain under the sovereignty of the king of Denmark, limited simply by the sovereignty, more or less extensive, which the German people acknowledge as belonging to the diet of each state of the confederation.

བ It is the interest of Germany itself that should regulate the difficulty in this manner. It is difficult, in fact, for Denmark to accept any other terms, and it would be equally difficult for the powers, either guarantees or intermediary, not to intervene directly and effectively in the quarrel, if the Germanic confederation persisted in refusing to acknowledge such evident rights. What would be the consequences of this intervention? A general war, which disorganized Germany would have to sustain by her own arm; with Denmark, powerful by her navy, with Sweden and Russia, England, perhaps, as auxiliaries; while France, her heart rent with grief, in pronouncing against a people to whom she has long wished liberty and nationality, would be obliged to side with her enemies. This is all that would be gained by the German race for abusing its power in striking a blow at the independence and nationality of the Danish race. General war, and the Cossacks fighting for their right to Dantzic and Lubec against the oppressive pretensions of Germany. Such would be the strange and perhaps fatal subversion of parts of which the new confederation would give the spectacle even from its cradle. She would come out of it neither honored nor victorious. Instead of the reactionary soldiers of Prussia, they would run the risk of being visited Unfortunately, the day has not arrived, and the by the bayonets, still less parliamentary, of the contemporary history of Germany furnishes the Russians. It is, then, for the interest of the proofs. Who, in effect, has just accomplished a friends of liberty in Germany, that the German di