Tregelles.

SAMUEL PRIDEAUX TREGELLES, 1813-1875, is acknowledged to have been in his day the most eminent critic of the text of the New Testament, with the exception of Tischendorf.

Mr. Tregelles was born at Falmouth, Cornwall, and attended the classical GrammarSchool of that place from the age of thirteen to fifteen. At the age of fifteen he entered the Iron Works in North Abby, Glamorganshire, and was engaged there for six years. He afterwards engaged for two years in private tuition. The extraordinary attainments which he made, therefore, in his special line of scholarship, were gained without the advantages of a University education, and with only such leisure and means as he had won by the hardest work.

His great work, the crown and fruit of all his other labors, was his new critical edition of The Greek Testament. In the preparation of this, he visited the great libraries of Europe, and personally inspected and collated every known Manuscript of the New Testament of auy considerable antiquity. His other works, which are numerous, are mostly connected with the subject of textual criticism, and preparatory to this, his great work. They need not be here enumerated.

Baptist Noel.

HON. AND REV. BAPTIST WRIOTHESLEY NOEL, 1799-1873, brother of the Earl of Gainsborough, was a native of Leightmont, Scotland. He graduated at Cambridge, in 1826, with great distinction, and took orders in tho Church of England. In 1848 he became a Baptist, and entered the ministry of that church. He was very distinguished as a preacher, and wrote many works which have been well received. Notes of a Tour in Ireland; Sermons on the First Five Centuries of the Church; To the Unconverted; On Regeneration; On the Messiah; On Glorying in Christ; On Christian Missions; Case of the Free Church of Scotland; Meditations in Sickness and Old Age; Protestant Thoughts in Rhyme; The Catholic Claims, etc.

Spurgeon.

REV. CHARLES H. SPURGEON, 1834

-, of the Baptist Church, is

one of the most celebrated preachers in London.

Mr. Spurgeon was born at Kelverdon, Essex. After passing through school, and teaching for two years, he began preaching in 1850, being then only sixteen years old; and he was only nineteen when he began to preach in London. His preaching attracted at once the public attention, and he has held it now for more than twenty years, drawing larger congregations than any which, in recent times, have for so long a period attended the preaching of any one man.

In 1854 Mr. Joseph Passmore began a regular weekly publication of Mr. Spurgeon's sermon of the Sunday previous, selling it at a penny a number, and at the close of the year making a yearly volume. Fifteen or sixteen of these volumes have been published in London. These Sermons have been reprinted in New York, in 8 vols., and the aggregate sale in the United States has been between 300,000 and 400,000 volumes.

Besides the Sermons, Mr. Spurgeon has published The Saint and His Saviour;

Smooth Stones taken from Ancient Brooks; Gleanings among the Sheaves; Morning by Morning, or Daily Readings; Evening by Evening, or Readings at Eventide; John Ploughman's Talks, or Plain Advice for Plain People, etc. "Of all Sermons that we know, those of Spurgeon are the most readable. They are sound in doctrine, vigorous in style, fresh in thought, warm in religious sentiment. They go to the very heart of religious experience, and edify and comfort the true believer, while they are also pungent, and awakening in appeal to the impenitent."-Presbyterian.

OCTAVIUS WINSLOW, D.D.,

a distinguished Baptist minister of London, has been a prolific writer, his writings being mainly on practical religion.

More than forty different volumes of his are enumerated. The following are the titles of a few of these excellent and popular volumes; The Work of the Holy Spirit; Christ the Theme of the Missionary; Personal Declension and Revival of Religion in the Soul; Glory of the Redeemer in his Person and his Work; Morning Thoughts; Evening Thoughts; Patriarchal Shadows of Christ, etc.

HENRY MELVILLE, 1798-1871, has been generally considered the most finished pulpit orator in London for the last thirty years. Many volumes of his Sermons have been printed, some with and some without his sanction. They are written in a highly imaginative strain, but are finished specimens of composition, and justify the popu larity which has always attended his preaching.

JOHN ANGELL JAMES, 1785-1859, was one of the ablest and most popular of the English Independents in the present century.

He was settled for a long time at Birmingham, and he exerted an extensive influence, both by his preaching and his writings. The latter were almost exclusively of a practical kind, and have had a large circulation both in England and America. The following are best known: The Anxious Inquirer; The Church in Earnest; An Earnest Ministry the Want of the Times; Christian Fellowship; The Christian Father's Present; The Christian Professor, and about twenty others.

HENRY ROGERS, 1814, an English Independent divine, was Professor of the English Language and Literature in King's College, London; afterwards Professor in Spring Hill College, Birmingham; and in 1857 successor to Dr. Vaughan as Principal of Lancashire Independent College, Manchester. Principal Rogers enjoys a high reputation as a writer. The following are his principal writings: Essay on the Life and Writings of Jonathan Edwards; The Life and Character of John Howe; Lectures on English Grammar and Composition; Essays from the Edinburgh Review, 3 vols.; The Eclipse of Faith. The work last named has caused an extended controversy.

ROBERT PHILIP, 1792-1858, an eminent Dissenter of London, published a large number of treatises on practical religion, which have been highly esteemed, and have had a large circulation. Six of these volumes appeared under the name of "Guides: ” Guide to the Perplexed; to the Devotional; to the Thoughtful; to the Doubting; to the Conscientious; to Communicants. He wrote also four volumes, which formed the Lady's Closet Library, namely, The Marys, or the Beauty of Female Holiness; The Marthas, or Varieties of Female Piety; The Lydias, or Development of Female Character; The Hannahs, or Maternal Influence on Sons. Some of his other publications 2 N

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are Redemption, or the New Song in Heaven; The Comforter, or the Love of the Spirit; The Eternal, or the Attributes of Jehovah; Manly Piety in its Principles; Manly Piety in its Realizations; and several biographical memoirs of eminent ministers.

PHILIP BENNETT POWER, a clergyman of the English Church, has written about fifty Sunday-School books and manuals of devotion and religious experience, which have been very popular, and have had an extensive sale, one of them being counted by ninety-five thousand, another by seventy thousand, and most of them by tens of thousands.

The following are the titles of some of these small volumes: The Oiled Feather; John Clipstick's Clock; Little Kitty's Knitting-Needles; Paddle Your Own Canoe; Stamp on it, John; The Man Who Kept Himself in Repair; The Man Who Ran Away from Himself; Christ the Model for Sunday-School Teachers; Appointed Times; Experience of a Church-Plate; Breathings of the Soul; Waiting upon God, etc. Mr. Power's volumes are among the best of their kind.

REV. NEWMAN HALL, 1816, a graduate of London University, and a very eloquent and persuasive preacher at Surrey Chapel, London, has published several small religious essays, of which many tens of thousands have been sold: Come to Jesus; Follow Jesus; It is I; Italy, the Land of the Forum and the Vatican; Life of William Gordon, M.D., etc.

Cumming.

JOHN CUMMING, D. D., 1810 a native of Scotland, has been minister for the last forty years to one of the Scotch churches in London.

Dr. Cumming is almost equally eminent as an orator and as a writer, and his labors in both these departments of effort have been about equally divided between such as are homiletic and such as are controversial. In the great question of the Free Church of Scotland he took ground against Dr. Chalmers and disruption. He has written and preached much against the Papacy, and he has spent a large amount of intellectual effort towards unveiling the secrets of the Book of Revelation and other apocalyptic writings in the Bible. Others of his works, perhaps a majority of them, are directed to the ordinary topics of the pulpit. Dr. Cumming's style is singularly pleasing and persuasive.

The sale of Dr. Cumming's works is said to be very large, and the works are almost too numerous even to mention. The following are the chief: The Great Tribulation; Apocalyptic Sketches; The Church of Scotland; Almost Protestant; Discussions upon Protestantism; Lectures on Christ's Miracles; On the Parables; On the Seven Churches; On Daniel; Sabbath Readings on Genesis; on Exodus; on Leviticus; The Finger of God; Christ our Passover; The Comforter; A Message from God; The Great Sacrifice; The Tent and the Altar; God in History; Voices of the Day; Voices of the Night; Voices of the Dead; Infant Salvation; The Baptismal Font; The Communion Table; Lectures for the Times; Occasional Discourses, etc., etc.

JAMES HAMILTON, D. D., 1814-1867, a Presbyterian divine, was for a long time the leading ornament of the London pulpit.

Dr. Hamilton was born at Paisley, Scotland, and was settled about 1840 in London, where he continued to preach during the remaining years of his life. His published works are on subjects of practical religion, and are nearly as popular as was his preaching. They have been issued by the various religious publication societies of both countries, and the sales are counted by many tens of thousands. The following are the chief: Life in Earnest; Mount of Olives; The Harp on the Willows; The Church in the House; The Lamp and the Lantern; Emblems from Eden, etc., etc.

THOMAS GUTHRIE, D. D., 1800-1873, was in his day the most eloquent and popular preacher in the Free Church of Scotland. Dr. Guthrie was associated with Dr. Chalmers in the disruption movement. Among his published works the one best known is The Gospel in Ezekiel.

REV. WILLIAM HANNA, LL. D., 1808, a clergyman of the Free Church of Scotland, is well known as the son-in-law and biographer of Dr. Chalmers. He was for some years editor of the North British Review, and associate of Dr. Guthrie in St. John's Church, Edinburgh. He published Life of Chalmers, 4 vols.; A Life of Christ, in 6 vols.

ROBERT S. CANDLISH, D. D., 1807-1873, was a Scotch preacher of great eminence, and was one of the leaders in the disruption of the Scotch Church. He published several works: Summary of the Question respecting the Church of Scotland; Exposition of Genesis; The Cross of Christ; The Atonement; The Resurrection; Scripture Characters, etc.

Prof. Fairbairn.

PATRICK FAIRBAIRN, D. D., 1805 standing in the Free Church of Scotland.

is a theologian of high

Prof. Fairbairn was born at Halyburton, Berwickshire, Scotland. He graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and in 1826 became a probationer of the Established Church of Scotland. From 1829 to 1837, he preached in the Orkney Islands. His secluded life in this remote settlement among fishermen gave him an amount of lei sure for study which he would not have had in the busier work of an ordinary parish, and he then laid the foundation for those solid attainments which have given such rich fruits since. In 1837, he was called to a church in Glasgow; and in 1840, to a church in East Lothian; in 1852 he became Assistant Professor, and then Professor, of Divinity in the Free Church College at Aberdeen; and in 1856 was transferred to the Theological College at Glasgow.

In 1867, Prof. Fairbairn was a delegate from the Free Church of Scotland to the Presbyterian Churches in America. His tall, commanding figure and his able addresses in the various ecclesiastical bodies to which he was presented, made a deep impression wherever he went.

The following are his principal publications: The Typology of the Scriptures; Prophecy Viewed in Respect to its Distinctive Nature; New Testament Hermeneutics; The Revelation of Law in the Scriptures; A Commentary on Jonah, and also one on Ezekiel. He also translated Steiger on Peter, and wrote many articles for the Imperial Dictionary of the Bible, and for the North British and other reviews and magazines. Of all his works, The Typology of the Scriptures is considered the most important.

JOHN TULLOCH, D. D., 1823 —, was born in Perthshire, Scotland, and educated at St. Andrew's University. In 1854, he became Principal and Professor of Theology in St. Mary's College, St. Andrew's. Principal Tulloch spent some time in Germany, and is intimately acquainted with the speculative theology of that country. He has been an active contributor to the British Quarterly and the North British Reviews. His other publications, all highly esteemed, are: Theological Tendencies of the Age; Theism; Leaders of the Reformation, Luther, Calvin, Latimer, Knox; English Puritanism and its Leaders, Cromwell, Milton, Baxter, Bunyan; Beginning Life, Chapters for Young Men; The Christ of the Gospels and the Christ of Modern Criticism.

JOHN EADIE, D. D., LL. D., 1814, Professor of Biblical Literature in the United Presbyterian Church, Glasgow, has published several popular works: Biblical Cyclopædia; A Condensed Concordance to the Scriptures; Life of Dr. Kitto; Bible Dictionary for the Young; Lectures on the Bible, for the Young; Early Oriental History; The Divine Love, a Series of Discourses, etc.

REV. SAMUEL DAVIDSON, LL. D., 1808, a Dissenting clergyman of the Irish Church, has acquired a high reputation as a biblical critic and commentator. Works: Introduction to the New Testament, 3 vols.; Ecclesiastical Polity of the New Testament; Biblical Criticism, 2 vols.; Sacred Hermeneutics, Developed and Applied; Translation of Gieseler's Ecclesiastical History, 4 vols.

Sunday-School Books.

The growth of religious fiction in the department of literature for the young has been prodigious. The impulse in this direction, first given by Mrs. Sherwood and others, early in the century, so far from spending itself, has gathered new force, and was never so great as at this time.

The number of those who are engaged in this department of literature, chiefly ladies, is very great. A few only of the writers can be named.

MRS. ELIZABETH CHARLES, formerly Miss Rundle, is the author of what are known as the Schönberg-Cotta books. She was the wife of Mr. Andrew Charles, a London merchant. She has no children, and has devoted herself to literature and active deeds of charity. Her husband died about three years ago. The first work of hers which attracted attention was the famous Chronicles of the Schönberg-Cotta Family. This purports to be a family record, kept by the inmates of a household with which Luther was familiar, and presents the great Reformer and his fellow-actors as they might have appeared to an eye-witness. The conception is so perfect that the reader finds it difficult to believe that the work is not an original record made at the very time of the transactions described. The work was received with universal applause on both sides of the Atlantic. The author has followed it in rapid succession with a series of tales, mostly written in the same vein, and illustrating the Christian life in different ages of the church. The following is a list of her successive publications: The Early Dawn, or The Christian Life of England in the Olden Time; Diary of Mrs. Kitty Trevylian, a Story of the Times of Whitefield and the Wesleys; Winifred Bertram, a Story of Modern Life in London; The Draytons and The Davenants, a Story of the Civil War; On Both Sides of the Sea, a Story of the Commonwealth and the Restoration; The Cripple of Antioch; Martyrs of Spain; Tales and Sketches of Christian Life; The Victory of the Vanquished; Two Vocations; Wanderings over Bible Lands; Watch