distinction should have been marked by the insertion of the article a before the word balance-wheel. "And the contention was so great among them, that they departed asunder one from another."-Acts, xv., 39. As Paul and Barnabas only are here spoken of, the word an is improperly used for the. "Surely this was the Son of God." To express the thought of the centurion, who was a believer in a plurality of Gods, the expression should be, "Surely this was a Son of a God." The article ó is not in the Greek. COLLOCATION. § 471. The articles are placed before words to which they are applied, except the Adjectives all, such, many, and those that are preceded by the words too, so, as, how; as, "All the men;" such a man," &c. See § 459, 462. EXERCISES IN THE SYNTAX OF THE ADJECTIVE. § 472. RULE V.-To Christian nations belong the exclu sive cultivation of learning and science, and the assiduous advancement of every useful and ornamental art. C. S. 1. Beautiful June has come: June is beautiful. C. S. 2. To calumniate is detestable; to be generous is commendable. C. S. 3. No such original Convention of the people was ever held antecedent to the existence of Civil Government. C. S. 4. I never met with a closer grained wood. C. S. 5. He described a beautiful young lady. C. S. 6. Drink deep or taste not the Pierian spring. C. S. 7. If she is not one of the immortals, she is like them. C. S. 8. He enjoys the goods of fortune with a grateful heart. C. S. 9. Having leaped the stone wall, he drank spring water C. S. 10. He is the strongest of the two, but not the wisest. F. S. He is the wisest of men. C. S. 11. I understood him the best of all others that spoke on the subject. F. S. He was graver than the other Frenchmen. C. S. 12. His work was perfect, his brother's more perfect, and his father's the most perfect of all. F. S. It is more easier to build two chimneys than to maintain F. S. one. 13. You had scarce gone when he arrived. F. S. The Tutor addressed him in terms rather warm, but suitably to his offense. F. S. 14. To be trifling in youth is a bad omen. F. S. § 473. RULE VI.-These sort of actions injure society. F. S. Those kind of injuries bring with them an appropriate punF. S. ishment. 1. Frugality is one mean of acquiring a competency. F. S. 2. I have not been in Washington this five years. C. S. RULE VII.-Each of them in their turn receive the benefits to which they are entitled. F. S. 1. Every person, whatever be their station, is bound to obey the laws of morality. F. S. 2. Are either of those men worthy of public confidence? F. S. 3. Neither of those men are aware that their opinions are false. F. S. RULE VIII.—Many daughters have done virtuously. C. S. RULE IX. Six days shalt thou labor and do all thy work. C. S. § 474. No religion is better than the Mohammedan. (State each of the two meanings which this ambiguous sentence may express.) RULE X.-One man esteemeth one day above another. C. S. C. S. RULE XI. There were six pair of doves. C. S. C. S. 1. They visit the North once a year. 2. He will come in a few hours. C. S. C. S. Full many a Gem, of purest ray serene, The dark, unfathomed caves of ocean bear; And waste its sweetness on the desert air. C. S. 3. He has few friends; he has a few friends. little money; he has a little money. C. S. He has 4. He is a better artist than seaman. C. S. C. S. He would make a better artist than a seaman. 5. A black and white horse; a black and a white horse. Give equivalents for the two last expressions. 6. Here are Apples; give me one. F. S. 7. A man is the noblest work of Creation.` He was doomed to ascend a scaffold. F. S. RULE XIV. Beware of drunkenness: it impairs an understanding; wastes an estate; destroys a reputation; consumes the body; and renders the man of the highest parts the common jest of the meanest clown. F. S. 1. In all cases of proscription, the universal practice is to direct juries, by analogy, to the statute of limitations, to decide against incorporeal rights which, for many years, have been relinquished. F. S. 2. The red and white bonnets were much admired. Give the ambiguous equivalents. Like a householder who bringeth out of his treasures things new and old. F. S. 3. Thomas, the brother of the General, and the Colonel of a regiment, led the attack. Give the ambiguous equiva lents. 4. He is a just, wise, and generous man. 5. At the best, his gift was but a poor offering. 6. He was a Washington; He was a Cato; The Connecticut. C. S. 7. Those things in the which I will appear unto thee. F. S. 8. Bear Worcester to the death. F. S. 9. The tout ensemble. 10. Amicus imperator. CHAPTER IV. SYNTAX OF PRONOUNS. § 475. RULE XV.-PRONOUNS agree with their Antecedents, or the nouns which they represent, in Gender, Number, and Person; as, "God rules the world which he created;" "the moon appears and she shines, but the light is not her own ;" "O Thou who dwellest in the heavens;" "both wealth and poverty are temptations: that tends to excite pride; this, discontent." For rules common to both Pronouns and Nouns, see Syntax of Substantives. Note 1. The Pronoun and the word representing it must not be introduced together as subjects of the same verb; as, "My trees they are planted." For the exception in animated language, by Aposiopesis, see § 626. Note 2. The antecedent is sometimes only implied, and not expressed; as, "My paternal home was made desolate, and he was sacrificed." The sense is plain. He means my father, yet no Substantive, as father, has gone before. It is supplied, however, from the word paternal. § 476. RULE XVI.-Two or more Antecedents, united in construction by the Conjunction and, require their Representative Pronoun to be in the Plural number; as, "Socrates and Plato were wise; they were the most eminent philosophers of Greece." Note 1. If the Singular antecedents thus united in construction are of several persons, the Second person takes precedence of the Third, and the First of both, in forming the Plural of the Representative Pronoun; as, "Thou and he shared it between you;" "James, and thou, and I are attached to our country." But if the antecedents describe one person or thing, though connected by and, they are in apposition, and do not require a plural pronoun; as, “That philosopher and poet spent his life in the service of mankind." Note 2. In the Classical languages, the pronoun of the First Person is deemed more worthy than that of the second, and the Second than that of the Third. But though we in like manner place the pronoun of the second person before that of the third, we modestly place the pronoun of the First Person after those of the second and third. When a Roman would say, Si tu et Tullia valetis, ego et Cicero valemus, we should say, "If you and Tullia are well, Cicero and I are well." § 477. RULE XVII.-Two or more Antecedents in the Singular Number, separated in construction by the Disjunctive Conjunction or, or in any other way, require the pronoun to be in the singular Number; as, "John or James will send his book;" "The Bible, and not the Koran, is read there its influence is salutary;" "Every tree and every plant produces others after its kind." Note 1. A Plural antecedent and a Singular antecedent, connected by or or nor, require the pronoun to be in the Plural number; as, "Neither the Captain nor his men showed themselves." Note 2. When the Antecedent is a Collective noun, conveying the idea of Plurality, the pronoun must agree with it in the Plural number; as, "The Senate were divided in their opinions." PERSONAL PRONOUNS. § 478. RULE XVIII.-The Personal Pronouns I, THOU, YOU, YE, and WE, are generally employed without an antecedent noun, because that noun is assumed to be well known. When I and the name of a person are both employed, as they are in formal writings, the pronoun precedes the name; as, "I, Richard Roe, of Boston." In similar language, you and We also precede the name. You is used indefinitely for any person who may read the work in which the word is thus used; as, "You may trust an honest man." HE and THEY are used in the same indefinite manner; as, "He seldom lives frugally who lives by chance." "Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted." Note 1. a. It is used with verbs called impersonal; as, "It rains." Here there is no antecedent. b. Ir is used to introduce a sentence preceding a verb, as |