Union. Application for assistance has been made to the gencral government, but no assistance has as yet been granted. Auxiliaries have been formed in 16 States, and Maryland has granted $200,000 from her state treasury, to enable her free blacks to remove to Africa. The Society have succeeded in forming a colony on the western coast of Africa, which is in a prosperous condition, as the Society represents. The territory procured, extends 200 miles on the coast, and 140 in the interior. The population of the colony is about 2000, and is constantly increasing. A system of government and also of education, has been established. Churches are provided for religious worship.

The expense of an emigrant's passage to Liberia, is by some estimated to be $20; by others from $25 to $35. Manumissions have been numerous, and are increasing. Stal the slave trade is active, notwithstanding all that has been done to suppress it. Not less than 50,000 Africans, it is said, were carried into slavery in 1831. Hon. James Madison, President; Rev. R. R. Gurley, Secretary; Richard Smith, Esq., Treasurer. The seat of its operations is the

District of Columbia.

(a.) "Colored Population in the United States. According to the census of 1830, there were in

Virginia,

47,102 469,724 | Floridas,

840

15,500

6,060

North Carolina,. 19,575 | 246,462 Dist.of Columbia,6,163

South Carolina, 7,915 315,665

The whole number of colored people in 1830, were,

Fine. Slavis.

319,476 2,010,572

Making an increase in ten years of

223,540 | 1,538,064

95,936

472,508"

(b.) "Hannibal, an African negro, who had received a good education, rose to the rank of lieutenant-general, and director of arul

lery, under Peter the Great, of Russia, in the beginning of the last century."

"Francis Williams, a negro, was born in Jamaica, about the close of the 17th century. He was sent to England, and there entered the university of Cambridge. After his return to Jamaica, he opened a school and taught Latin, and the mathematics. He wrote many pieces in Latin verse, in which he discovered considerable talents."

"Joseph Rachel, a free negro of Barbadoes, was another Howard. Having become rich by commerce, he devoted all his property to charitable uses, and spent much of his time in visiting prisons to relieve and reclaim the wretched tenants. He died in Bridgetown in 1758."

Antony William Amo was born in Guinea, and brought to Europe, when very young. Under the patronage of the princess of Brunswick, he pursued his studies at Halle in Saxony, and at Wittemburg, where he greatly distinguished himself by his talents and good conduct. In 1734 he took the degree of doctor in philosop at the university of Wittemburg." "Skilled in the knowledge of the Greek and Latin languages," and, "having examined the systems of ancients and moderns," he delivered "private lectures on philosophy," with great acceptance."

"Thomas Fuller, a native of Africa, and a resident near Alexandria in the District of Columbia, though unable to read or write, excited surprise by the facility in which he performed the most difficult calculations. Being one day asked how many seconds a person hd lived who was seventy years, seven months, and seven days old, he answered in a minute and a half. On reckoning it after him a different result was obtained. "Have you not forgotten the leap year?" says the negro. This omission was supplied, and the number then agreed with his answer. When this account was given by the late Dr. Rush, Fuller was seventy years old."

Phillis Wheatley, born in Africa in 1753, was torn from her country at the age of seven, and sold in 1761 to John Wheatley of Boston. Allowed to employ herself in study, she "rapidly attained a knowledge of the Latin language." In 1772, at the age of nineteen, and still a slave, she published a little volume of religious and moral poetry, which contains thirty-nine pieces;" and has run through several editions in England and the United States. She obtained her freedom in 1775, and died in 1780."

66

"James Derham, born in 1767, was formerly a slave in Philadelphia. In 1788, at the age of twenty one, he became the most distinguished physician at New Orleans.” "I conversed with him on medicine," says Dr. Rush," and found him very learned. I thought I could give him information concerning the treatment of diseases, but I learned much from him."

"Christophe, the present negro king of Hayti, has risen from slavery to a throne, and has displayed great energy of character."

"Paul Cuffee was born on one of the Elizabeth Islands, near New Bedford, in the county of Bristol and state of Massachusetts, in 1759. His father was a native of Africa, and once a slave. His mother was

one of the aborigines of America. By industry and enterprize, guided by an uncommon share of "plain sense and practical wisdom," he arose from poverty to opulence. He was largely concerned in navigation, and in many voyages, particularly to Russia, England, Africa, the West Indies, and the Southern States, commanded his own vessel. A man of sterling integrity and active benevolence, of modest and dignified manners. He was known and honored by persons of the first respectability, in England and the United States. Few, it has been said, could remain long in his presence, without forgetting their prejudice against color, and feeling their hearts expand with juster sentiments towards the most injured portion of the human family. For the last twenty years his mind was chiefly occupied with the interests of his African brethren. With a view to their improvement, he made a voyage to Africa and England, in 1811, in a vessel of his own, commanded by his nephew, Thomas Wainer. In 1815, he carried out to Sierra-Leone, nine African families, consisting of thirty-eight persons, at an expense to himself of more than three thousand dollars. He died Sept. 7, 1817, leaving an estate valued at $20,000. He left three brothers in Massachusetts, all " independent farmers, and three sisters, who "preside over their families with propriety and reputation." [Dr. Griffifin's Plea for Africa.

(c.) During the last ten years, there have been from ten to twelve thousand negroes converted, and added to the churches in the island of Jamaica.

(K.)

Seaman's Friend Society.

The oldest of this class of Societies, so far as information has been obtained, is that of Boston. It appears to have been formed anew and to have adopted its present constitution in Jan. 1828, but its first organization was in 1812.— The early objects. of the Society were first to distribute Tracts among Seamen, and secondly to establish for them a regular worship. Of these, the latter was not accomplished till 1818, when regular worship for Seaman was first commenced in the room under the Observatory on Central Wharf, by the Rev. William Jenks, D. D. The meeting was continued by Dr. Jenks eight years, and then, temporarily, first by Rev. Stephen Bailey and afterwards by Rev. Joseph Brown. In the autumn of 1829, the Rev. Jonathan Greenleaf was obtained more permanently, and is now the regular pastor of the Mariner's church A house of worship for seamen has been erected on Fort Hill, where regular services are held every Sabbath. The church consists of about thirty. Many books and pamphlets besides Bibles

and Testaments are constantly distributed. The cost of the house of worship with the land on which it stands was a little rising of $11,000. It is paid for, and it is now expected that the rent of the basement story, with occasional items of income from other sources will sustain the cause in Boston without any further difficulty. The cause of temperance is particularly flourishing with the seamen in Boston, and a society has been formed among them on the principle of total abstinence, containing more than eighty members.

Through the labors of the Rev. Mr. Eastburn, who distinguished himself as the friend of Seamen in Philadelphia, the efforts in their behalf in that city are particularly interesting. It is believed too, they were anterior to those in New York, but the documents are not at hand from which to state the facts.

The Society for Promoting the Gospel among Seamen at New York, was instituted in January, 1818 and incorporated in April soon after its organization. It owes its origin principally to the Rev. Ward Stafford, through whose influence in part, a house of worship for Seamen was at length provided, which was dedicated June 4, 1820. The society has since been served by several different laborers, especially the Rev. Joshua Leavitt, and the Rev. Joseph Brown. The latter gentleman is now the General Agent. The society publishes a monthly periodical, entitled the "Sailor's Magazine." The income of the Society, (1832) was 5,679 dollars. Besides these societies, which are some of the most considerable, there are Seaman's Friend Societies in almost all the principal ports in the country, from New Orleans in Louisiana to Portland in Maine. Something has been commenced too, in behalf of the numerous boatmen employed on canals and rivers. The Amonnt of Expenditure in this department of benevolence cannot be accurately stated. Ii, is small however compared with what it ought to be.

Besides being remembered in Christian countries, seamen are beginning to be remembered where Christianity is not known or has but recently been introduced. Missionaries have generally been interested for them, and two devoted especially to their cause, have been sent out by the American Seamen's Friend Society. The one, Rev. Mr. Abeel to China, the other, Rev. Mr. Diell to the Sandwich Islands. Another is to be sent to France.

Of foreign societies, one only, the "London Seamen's

Friend Society, will be particularly noticed, the origin of it being rather interesting.

Collier, lying

In 1816, it was found that the master of in the Thames was accustomed to have morning and evening prayers on board his vessel, to which he invited the crews of other vessels lying in the neighborhood. At the same time many seaman were out of employ, having been discharged on the close of the then late war between the United States and Great Britain, and not a few of them were in circumstances of distress which excited greatly the sympathy of the benevolent and humane. The inquiry arose what could be done, and the meeting continuing on board the collier, in 1817, a man who had been to sea in early life, but was then a minister of the Gospel, understanding the case, resolved on attending himself. He accordingly did attend; upon which becoming much interested, as the worship was about to close, he introduced himself to the meeting, stating his former acquaintance with a sea-faring life, and proposing to sustain, if it should be agreeable, a regular service among them.* The proffer being gratefully accepted, the meeting. was continued and enlarged. This led to notoriety and thus to the formation, March 13, 1818, of the "London. Seamen's Friend Society," a principal object of which, on account of the growth of the meeting, and the reluctance of the sailors to go to a common church was, to provide for them a Bethel ship, where they might feel at home and come with freedom. Having accomplished its primary object, as it soon did, the .society found enough still to be done to benefit the seamen, and they have accordingly continued their operations to the spiritual and eternal joy of many souls. The example of the metropolis being known, it was soon followed in Greeneck, Leith, Liverpool, Hull, Bristol, and other ports, in which similar societies were formed and have since continued their benevolent operations.

(a.) "The number of seaman including officers, requisite to "navigate vessels averaging about 100 tons burthen, may be estimated fairly at about six men for the hundred tons, in the foreigh trade, four in the coasting trade, and thirteen in the fisheries. An examination

This man is supposed to have been the Rev. G. C. Smith of Penzance author of the Tract, "Bethel or the Flag Unfurled." See Report of the Port of Dublin Society for the religious instruction of Seaman.