ry, or profaneness, that they might serve him, 2 Pet. ii. 4. BUZ, the son of Nahor by Milcah, and ancestor of Elihu, the companion of Job. His posterity dwelt in Arabia the Desert, and were terribly distressed and enslaved by Nebuchadnezzar, Gen. xxii. 21. Job xxxii. 1. Jer. xxv. 23. BY, is expressive of the cause, means, or instrument of any thing, Rom. viii. 11. and v. 1. or it signifies at or near to, Exod. xxx. 4. Dan. viii. 8. or denotes the object sworn by in an oath, Gen. xlii. 15, 16. A by-way, is one not commonly used, Judg. v. 6. A by-word, a speech frequently used in derision of one. By and by, in a short time, Matth. xiii. 20. C CA AB, a measure containing the by obtained, as a cage is with birds, sixth part of a seah, and eigh-Jer. v. 27. The Antichristian state, teenth of an ephah: it contained about chiefly Rome, is a cage of every un96 solid inches, which is six inches clean and hateful bird; is full of aless than our Scotch pint. bominable persons, offices, officers, doctrines and customs, Rev. xviii. 2. CABBALA, a mysterious kind of science, delivered by revelation to the ancient Jews, and transmitted by oral tradition to these of our times; serving for interpretation of the books both of nature and scripture. The word is also written Cabala, Cabbala, Kabbala, Kubala, Cabalistica, Ars Cabala, and Gaballa. It is originally Hebrew, kabbalah; and properly signifies reception. Cyclo. CABBALISTS, a sect among the Jews, who follow and practice the cabbala, or interpret Scripture according to the rules of the literal cabbala. A particular account of the Cabbalistic art, as practised not only by Jews, but by Heathens and Christians, is found in Basnage's His. of the Jews, book iii. cap. 10-28. Cyclo. CAIAPHAS, the high-priest of the Jews, who succeeded Simon the son of Camith about A. D. 16, or 25, as Calmet thinks, and married the daughter of Annas. It is certain he was high-priest that year in which our Saviour suffered. When the priests and Pharisees, heartily vexed at the raising of Lazarus from the dead, consuited whether they should apprehend Jesus or not, and put him to death, Caiaphas upbraided them with their stupidity, and told them, it was necessary Jesus should die for the people, that the whole nation might not perish. Doubtless he meant, that his death was necessary to prevent the Romans from destroying their nation; but the Spirit of God who directed his lips in this sentence, intended to signify, that the death vation of the children of God, whether Jews or Gentiles, John xi. 49, 50. CABIN, a small cell in a prison Jer. xxxvii. 16. CABUL. (1.) A city on the fron-of Jesus was necessary, for the saltier of the lot of Asher, Josh. xix. 27. || (2.) The name that Hiram king of Tyre gave to the country which Solomon presented him with, to mark his displeasure with it, 1 Kings ix. When Jesus was apprehended by the servants of Caiaphas, and others of the rascally order, he was first brought to, and examined by Annas; CAGE, for birds and wild beasts. next he was brought to Caiaphas's Wicked mens houses are represented hall, where the priests and elders were as filled with deceit, and what is there-convened to judge him. After nothing 13. Contemning his Maker's admonition, Cain decoyed his brother into the field, and murdered him; and it seems buried him in the earth. The could be proven to purpose, by their own wickedness; that if he speedily suborned witnesses, Caiaphas, in or- believed and repented, he should be der to find a charge against him, ad-accepted; but if not, his sin, that aljured him by the living God, to de- ready lay on his conscience, would clare whether he was the Christ, the speedily bring ruin on his head; and true Messiah or not. Jesus acknow- || hinted, that he had no reason to be enledging that he was, and would after-raged at Abel, as he still continued in wards appear gloriously in the clouds, his wonted subjection to him, as a suCaiaphas, as if shocked, rent his perior in age. clothes; and taking the company to witness, that they had heard his blasphemy, asked what they thought he || deserved? they all agreed, he deserved death. No doubt, Caiaphas attend-Lord quickly called him to account; ed the council next day, when they and interrogated him, what was bedelivered up Jesus to Pilate, and beg- come of Abel his brother; Cain anged he might be crucified, John xviii. grily replied, that he knew not, and 13-28. Matth. xxvi. 57-66. Luke|| had no business to be his brother's xxii. 54-66—69. Mark xiv. 53-keeper. God charged him with the 64. Soon after, he, at a meeting of the sanhedrim, expostulated with the apostles, why they durst, contrary to orders, preach up Jesus as the Messiah: they replied, they were obliged to obey God rather than men, Ac. v. 27, 32. În A. D. 35, Caiaphas and Pilate were both deposed by Vitellius, the Roman governor of Syria; and Jonathan, a son of Annas, was made high-priest in his stead. murder, represented its horrid nature and consequence; that Abel's blood, however hidden, cried for vengeance against him; that the earth which had covered it, should never more yield him a plentifui crop, or a settled abode. Cain complained of the divine severity, that his crime was not forgiven, but to be unsupportably pu nished; and that every body who found him would slay him. God as should be taken on his murderer; and either by some present token, assured him of preservation; or by some visible badge of continual trembling, sullenness of countenance, or the like, marked him out to others, for his safety. Driven from the east of Eden, where the symbols of the Divine Presence were often visible, and from the church of God, he retired to the country called NoD, from his unsettled CAIN, the eldest son of Adam.sured him, that sevenfold vengeance When his mother Eve bare him, she seems to have imagined him the divine Man, who should destroy the head, the power of the devil. When grown up, he applied himself to cultivate the ground, as his brother Abel did to the feeding of flocks. On the Sabbatic last day of the week, or at the end of the year, Cain offered his first-fruits, and Abel the best firstling of his flock. Cain having offered his oblation, with an unbelieving and wick-condition, and there built a city called ed heart, God did not mark his respect to it by the descent of fire from heaven, or any such similar token as he did to Abel's. Cain was enraged to see his brother acknowledged the darling of heaven; and marked the same by his sullen countenance, and surly temper. God expostulated with him, and told him that his neglect of his offering was solely owing to his Enoch, after the name of his son.There his family increased and spread through a great part of the world.→→→ They continued till the flood in seven generations, famous for invention of arts, and for their impiety. By inter marriages with them, did the poste rity of Seth corrupt themselves, and provoke God to bring on the general deluge. See LAMECH, Gen. iv, and vi The saints' graces are likened to it; they are savoury, and acceptable to God and his people; they purify the heart, excite love to God, and zeal for his glory, and an carnest appetite af CAINAN, or KENAN, the son of E-gredient of the Jewish sacred pernosh. He was born A. M. 325. Se-fume, Exod. xxx. 23. Isa. xliii, 24. venty years after, he begat Mahalaleel; and died, aged 910, Gen. v. 9-14. 1 Chron. i. 2. Luke iii. 37. Another CAINAN is represented as the son of Arphaxad, Luke iii. 36; but a triple sacred genealogy testifies, that noter his fulness, Song iv. 14. † such person ever existed, Gen. x. 24. and xi. 12. 1 Chron. i. 18. It is like, some copyist threw him into Luke, in order to make his genealogy agree with the Septuagint. CALDRON, a large vessel for boiling in, 1 Sam. ii. 14. The place where wicked men are tormented and ruined by God's judgments, is the chaldron, and they are the flesh boiled in it, Ezek. xi. 3, 4. and xxiv. 1, 2. Jer. i. 13, 14. CAKE. The cakes of the Jewish offerings were of fine flour, kneaded or fired with oil, Exod. xii. 39. The CALEB. 1. The son of Jephunten tribes of Israel were a cake not neh, brother of Kenaz, and descendant turned; while on the one side they of Judah. When the spies returned professed the true religion, on the from the search of the promised land, other they were practical idolaters; Caleb and Joshua, endued by the Spiwhile on the one side they were roast-rit of the Lord, opposed the rest, reed with distressful judgments, on the presented Canaan as a good land; and other they remained stupid and un-renting their clothes for grief, that the teachable, Hos. vii. 8. congregation, believing the rest, were CALAH, an ancient city of Assy-on the point of returning to Egypt, ria, built, soon after the flood, by A-earnestly endeavoured to persuade shur: from it the country about, on them, that, with the assistance of God, the north-east of the Tigris, and south they could easily conquer it. To reof the Gordian mountains of Arme-ward their piety, they alone, of all the nia, was called Callachene, or Calacine, Gen. x. 11. CALAMITY, grievous outward affliction, Jer. xviii. 17. A foolish son is the calamity of his father, grieves his spirit, disturbs and discredits his family, and wastes his substance, Prov. xix. 13. twelve spies, survived that day; they only, of all the armed men that came out of Egypt, entered into Canaan; and Moses promised Caleb the pos * Kanim is used to signify the branches of the candlestick in the tabernacle, Exod. xxv. 31. which were probably made to resemble the stalks of the calamus. Kaneh, the singular, is used for the bone of the arm, Job xxxi. 22. and for a balance, Isa. xlv. 6. + Calamus grows in various parts of the United States. Great quantities of it is found in some parts of New Jersey; where it CALAMUS, or sweet CANE, is an aromatic reed, found in pieces of 10 or 12 inches long, knotty in the manner of a common reed, but not so thick. Its hollow is filled with a spungy substance, somewhat similar to cobwebs, but of a most agreeable smell, when newly opened up. It grows in the East Indies, is often used for sauce, growing in parts of the Western Country. grows in boggy grounds. It also is found and is said to refresh and heal the When dried, it is frequently used by moheart, and to cleanse the stomach;thers who give it to their infants for pains and when it is burnt with turpentine, in the stomach. In this case it is finely the fume is thought to heal diseases grated into some warm and agreeable li of the breast. It was a part of the quid, and given them as a drink. It admits of transplantation, but must be put Tyrian trade with the Grecians and in ground similar to that from which it Danites, Ezek. xxvii. 19; and an in-was taken. VOL. I. 3 H CAL session of the places about Hebron, where, without dismay, he had seen the monstrous giants. CALF. See BULL. CALKERS; carpenters who stop Forty-five the chinks of ships; masons who reyears after, Caleb's strength and cou-pair the breaches of walls; magisrage being no ways abated, he beg-trates who repair the breaches of or ged, that Joshua, who was going to der and safety in the state, Ezekiel divide the land, might give him the xxvii. 9, 27. CALL; (1.) To name a person country of the giants, as Moses had predicted; that, depending on the or thing. To be called or named by assistance of Heaven, he might have one, is to derive a name from them. the honour to expel them. Joshua Jacob's name was called upon the sons blessed him, and granted him his re- of Joseph, when they were named Isquest. Assisted by a part of his bre-raelites, and each commenced parent thren of Judah, he marched against of a tribe, Gen. xlviii. 16. Persons Hebron, and slew there the children are called by the name of God or of ANAK. Thence he marched to Christ, when called his people or folDebir: and as the place was ex-lowers, or called CHRISTIANS from tremely strong, he offered his daugh- CHRIST, Jam. ii. 7. Acts xi. 26. (2.) ter Achsah to the hero that should To invite; require; request, Exod. take it. Othniel his nephew took it, ii. 7. (3.) To invite to, appoint, and and obtained Achsah, with a consi- furnish for an office, Exod. xxxi. 2. derable portion of ground. When,|| (4.) To create; to produce things by or how Caleb died, we know not a word; an act of will, Rom. iv. 17. (5.) To invite and By his three sons, Iru, Elah, and Na- Ezek. xxxvi. 29. am, he had a numerous and honour-charge to duty, by the ministry of the ed posterity, Numb. xiii. and xiv. word, dispensation of providence, or Josh. xiv. 6-15. and xv. 13-19. motions of the Holy Ghost, Isa. xxii. Judg. i. 9-15. 1 Chron. iv. 15-20. 12. Prov. i. 24. Matth. xxii. 14.2. CALEB, or CHELUBAI, the son (6.) To invite and draw sinners into of Hezron, and brother of Jerahmeel; a state of union with Jesus Christ, by his wives, perhaps in succession, were, the preaching of the word, and workAzubah-Jerioth, Ephrath; and Ephah ing of the Holy Ghost. Therein the and Maachah, concubines; his sons person is convinced of his sin and miwere Jesher, Shobah, Ardon, Hur, sery; hath his mind enlightened in Mesha, Haran, Moza, Gazez, Sheber, the knowledge of Christ, as able and Tihanah, Shaaph, Shevah, and a willing to save him; hath his will daughter called Achsah; and perhaps renewed; and is so persuaded and others. His posterity was very nu- enabled to embrace Jesus Christ as merous, 1 Chron. ii. 9, 18-20. 42 offered to him in the gospel. This call is according to God's purpose, with 45. respect to persons, time, and manner 2 Tim. i. 9. thereof, Rom. viii. 28. It is sovereign and free; not many wise, mighty, or noble, are called, i Cor. i. 26, 27. It is high, proceeds from the Most High God, and interests us in the highest glory and hap4. CALEB, which is perhaps the piness, Phil. iii. 14. It is holy in its same as Caleb-Ephrath, a city where author, means, and end. As we are it seems Caleb the son of Hezron and called by the glorious power and alEphrath had dwelt. To the elders mighty virtue of God's grace, so we of Caleb, David sent part of the spoil are called to glory and virtue, to hohe took from the Amalekites, 1 Sam.liness and happiness, 2 Pet. i. 3. It 3. CALEB, the son of Hur, and His grandson of the former Caleb. sons were, Shobal, Salma, Hareph. -His posterity peopled the whole country about Beth-lehem, Kirjath-|| jearim, Beth-gader, &c. 1 Chron. ii. 50-55. XXX. 14. tian name, with great ceremony, and pretence of devotion, Luke xxiii. 33. To CALVE; to bring forth young; chiefly a calf or young deer, Psalm xxix. 9. is heavenly, comes from above, interests us in, and prepares us for heaven, Heb. iii. 1: and is without repentance, as God will never cast off any that are once drawn to him, Romans xi. 29. (7.) To acknowledge, Heb. ii. 11. CAMEL, a ruminating, four-foot(8.) To esteem; account, Isa. lviii. ed beast without horns. It has no 5, 13. Mal. iii. 15. (9.) To proclaim, forcteeth in the upper jaw, and chews Joel i. 4. and ii. 15. To call God for the cud. It has six or eight in the a record on one's soul, is solemnly to lower, broad and standing outward. appeal to him, 2 Cor. i. 23. To call It has three tusks in its upper jaw, on God, is to worship him, particu- and two in the lower, situate at some larly by prayer and praise, Psal. 1. 15. distance one from another. Camels and cv. 1. Perhaps calling on the name are covered with a fine fur, which of the Lord, Gen. iv. 26. may denote they cast in the spring; and it is ga worshipping him in public assem-thered up, and a kind of stuff made blies; and some render it to profane Their neck and legs are long the name of the Lord. Lawful em- and slender. When they lift up their ployments are termed a calling; men head, it is very high. Their ears are are, by providence, invited to, and short, and their feet broad and exfurnished for them, 1 Corin. vii. 20. ceeding sure; their tail is about a The heavenly glory is a calling: we foot long; some of them, notwithare invited and drawn to it; and the standing excessive heat, can live withenjoyment of its happiness is our e- out water four or five, nay, some say, verlasting business, 2 Thess. i. 11: nine or twelve, days. They are not or the word there may signify effec-only used as beasts of burden in the tual calling, Eph. iv. 1. of it. hot and dry countries, but the Turks eat the flesh of young ones, and their milk is much used by the Arabs to prevent the dropsy: perhaps, as the animal is revengeful, their milk may contribute to give the Arabs that re vengeful turn which they generally have. They kneel down to receive their burden, or to have it taken off. CALNEH, CALNO, a city built by Nimrod in the land of Shinar, Gen. x. 9. Isa. x. 9. If it be the same with Canneh, the inhabitants traded with the Tyrians, Ezek. xxvii. 23. It is probably the same with Ctesiphon, on the river Tigris, about three miles from Seleucia; and which was for some time the capital of the Parthi-There are four kinds of camels: (1.) ans, and was exceedingly enlarged and beautified by Pacorus, one of their kings. The camel with two hairy bunches on its back, which is principally produced about the east of Persia, and CALVARY, or GOLGOTHA, which will bear 1300 weight. This is by signifies the place of a skull: so call- some falsely called the dromedary. ed, either from its resemblance to the (2.) The camel with one bunch, which skull of a man's head, or because it is chiefly used in Arabia and the north was the place where malefactors were of Africa. The most handsome of beheaded, was a small hill to the west this kind is the dromedary which is of Jerusalem. It is said Adam was of rounder shape, and has a lesser buried here; but it is certain Jesus bunch than the others; is able to was crucified here, and buried in an carry a far less burden, but is of proadjacent garden. Over his sepulchre, digious swiftness; said, by the Arabs, Helena, the mother of Constantine, to run as far in one day as their best about A. D. 330, built a magnificent horses will do in nine, and so chiefly church, which, to this day, is visited used for riding, 1 Kings iv. 28. Esth. by superstitious pilgrims of the Chris-viii. 10. (3.) The Peruvian camel |