persecutor,s Isa. xi. 8. They hatch cockatrice-eggs, and he that eateth of their eggs shall die; and that which is crushed, breaks out into a viper, or serpent: they contrive and execute wicked practices, and publish false doctrines; whereby sure and sudden destruction is brought upon themselves and others, Isa. lix. 5. COCKLE; a weed that grows among corn. The Hebrew word BoSHAH, signifies any stinking weed, Job xxxi. 40. COFFER; a chest, 1 Sam. vi. 8. vii. 28. COLD, is, (1.) Natural, as of water, the season, &c. Jer. xviii. 14. Nah. iii. 17. (2.) Spiritual, which consists in an utter, or very great unconcern about Jesus Christ and divine things, Matth. xxiv. 12. Pro COLLEGIANTS, a religious sect formed among the Armenians and Anabaptists in Holland, about the beginning of the 17th century; so called because of their colleges, or meeting twice every weck; where every one, females excepted, has the same liberty of expounding the scripture, praying, &c. They are said to be all either Arians or Socinians. They have no particular ministers, but each officiates as he is disposed. They never baptize without dipping. They meet twice a year from all parts of Holland at Rhinsburgh, whence they are also called Rhinsberghers. Ency. COLLOPS. To have collops of * The Hebrew word rendered in the college signifies in the second part, which some suppose to have been a division of the city. Others think, that Mishneh was the proper name of a street of Jerusalem. Others contend, that it was a place belonging to the temple, in which the learned used to meet in order to dispute concerning the law and the interpretation of it. Hence the Jews call their traditional interpretation of the law, Mishng. See Witsius de Prophetis, et Prophetiu, lib. i. cap. 23. fessors are neither cold nor hot, when they retain the profession of truth in some degree, but have no active live-|| liness, zeal, or concern for the power of it. Christ's wishing men were either cold or hot, imports, that none are more detested of him, or dishonouring to him, than hypocritical and careless professors of the Christian faith, Rev. iii. 15, 16. A faithful messenger, chiefly of Jesus Christ, is as the cold of snow in harvest, very refreshful, and useful to distressed and labouring souls, Prov. xxv. 13. In the Roman empire, there were not And good news, chiefly of the glori- only the college of augurs, and the college ous gospel, are as cold waters to a of capitolini, i. e. of those who had the suthirsty soul; are very suitable, re-perintendance of the capitoline games; freshful, and reviving, Prov. xxv. 25. COLLAR; (1.) A chain of gold, silver, &c. worn about the neck, Judg. viii. 26. (2.) The part of one's coat that is fastened about the neck. Job's trouble bound him closely, firm and fast, as the collar of his coat, Xxx. 18. tificum: college of carpenters, fabricorum, but also colleges of artificers, collegia aror fabrorum lignariorum; of potters, figulorum; of founders, ærariorum; the college of locksmiths, fabrorum serrariorum; of engineers of the army, tignariorum; of butchers, laniorum; of dendroJobcentonariorum; of makers of military phori, dendrophororum; of centonaries, casques, sagariorum; of tent makers, tebernaculariorum; of bakers, pistorum; of musicians, tibicinum, &c. Plutarch observes, that it was Numa who first divided the people into colleges, to the end that they might not enter into any general coneach college consulting their own interests spiracy against the public repose. Ency. XV. 27. COLLYRIDIANS, in church history, a sect which consisted chiefly of Arabian women, towards the close of the 14th century, denominated from a little cake, called by the Greeks, collyridia, which they offered, on a certain solemn feast-day, held once a year to the Virgin Mary. flesh on one's flanks is expressive || or wrath, in a particular place, Psal. of great prosperity and luxury, Job 1. 2, 3. and ci. 2. Christ's coming is. fivefold; his assuming our nature; his giving the offers of his grace in the gospel; his bestowing the influences of his Spirit; his executing judgments in time, particularly on the Jews and Antichrist; and his last appearance to judge the world, 1 John v. 20. Matth. xvi. 28. and xxiv. 30. Rev. xvi. 15. and xxii. 20. Men come to Christ, when leaving their natural state, and renouncing their own righteousness, wisdom, strength, and inclinations; they believe, receive, and feed on his person and fulness by faith, John v. 40. and vi. 37. 1 Pet. ii. 4. Men come to God, when they receive out of his fulness, enjoy his presence, and worship and serve him, Heb. vii. 25. and xi. 6. John xiv. 6. Ency. COLONY, a place peopled from some more ancient city or country. The Greeks or Romans settled their countrymen in a variety of places, Acts xvi. 12. COLOSSE, an ancient city of Phrygia, on the river Lycus, just where it began to run under ground, before it fell into the river Meander. It was near Laodicea, and Hierapolis. These three cities are said to have been buried in ruins by an eathquake, A. D. 66. Though it does not appear that Paul was ever at Colosse, yet, when prisoner at Rome, he wrote the Christians there an excellent epistle, warning them against vain philosophy and legal ceremonies; demonstrating the excellency of Christ, and the saints' completeness in him; and exhorting them to the duties of their respective stations. This he sent to them by Tychicus and Onesimus. COLOUR; (1.) A dye, as black, red, &c. Numb xi. 7. (2.) A shew; pretence, Acts xxvii. 30. COMELY. See BEAUTY. COMFORT; CONSOLATION; inward pleasure, joy, and cheerfulness, natural or spiritual, Job vi. 10. Psal. cxix. 50, 76. Spiritual comfort is that refreshful pleasure of the soul, which ariseth from the consideration of what God in Christ is to us, in respect of relation, and of what he has done for, and infallibly promised to us, 2 Cor. i. 5. The Holy Spirit is the author of it; the scriptures are the established ground and means of it; and ministers, and godly companions, are the instruments and helpers of it, Job xvi. 7. Psal. cxix. 49, 50.2 Cor. i. 5, 6, 7. and vii. 6, 7. Christ is the consolation of Israel; with the COME; (1.) To draw near; ap- predictions of his coming and kingproach to, Exod. xxxiv. 3. (2.) To dom did the ancient prophets comfort proceed from, 1 Chron. xxix. 14.- the Jews; and in every age, his person, (3.) To befall, Ezra ix. 13. Job iv. 5. righteousness, fulness, and love, are (4.) To attain to, Acts xxvi. 7. (5.) the source and substance of his peoTo join with, Prov. i. 11. (6.) To ple's comfort against every trouble, touch, Ezek. xliv. 25. (7.) To be Luke ii. 25. Are the consolations of married to, Dan. xi. 6. (8.) To lie God small with thee? Do you contemn carnally with, Gen. xxxviii. 16. (9.)our divine advices, which we have To invade; attack, Gen. xxxiv. 25. given you for your direction and com(10.) To arise, Numb. xxiv. 17.-fort? Job xv. 11. TO COMFORT, is God's coming, signifies the manifes-to free one from grief, and render him tation of his presence in glory, favour, glad and joyful, Gen. v. 29. God COLT; a young ass, Gen. xxxii. 15. Matth. xxi. 2, 5. comforts the cast down, by supporting them under their trouble, and delivering them from it, 2 Cor. vii. 6. The Holy Ghost is called the Comforter, because, by the application of [the word, blood, and fulness of Jesus Christ] to our soul, he fills us with joy, unspeakable, and full of glory, John xiv. 26; but the word is by some rendered Advocate. COMMISSION; a charge to one to manage a business, Acts xxvi. 12. COMMIT; (1.) To act; perform, Exod. xx. 14. (2.) To trust; give charge of, 2 Tim. ii. 2. To commit one's spirit, self, way, or salvation, to God, is, upon the faith of his promise, to intrust the same to his care, that he may receive, uphold, direct, preserve, and save us, Psal. xxxi. 5. and COMMAND; (1.) To charge by x. 14. and xxxvii. 5. Prov. xvi. 3.— authority, Deut. xi. 22. (2.) To cause 2 Tim. i. 12. The good thing commita thing to be done, Isa. v. 6. and xiii.ted to Timothy's trust, was the truths 3. God commands the blessing of life, || of God, and his ministerial office, and or the strength of his people, when, the gifts and graces furnishing him by his will he furnishes it, Psal. for the discharge of it, 1 Tim. vi. 20. cxxxiii. 3. and lxviii. 28. Jesus Christ 2 Tim. i. 14. is the commander given to the people: he enlists men for his spiritual soldiers; he convenes, orders, encourages, and goes before them in their gracious warfare, Isa. lv. 4. The saints command God concerning his sons and daughters, and the works of his hands; when in Christ's name, they earnestly plead his promise, and || argue from his faithfulness, power, equity, and love, therein pledged, Isa. || xlv. 11. COMMODIOUS; safe and convenient, Acts xxvii. 12. COMMON; (1.) Ordinary, usual, Numb. xvi. 29. (2.) Ceremonially unclean, Acts x. 14. and xi. 9. (3.) Unwashen, Mark vii. † 2. (4.) Not hallowed or set apart to the service of God, 1 Sam. xxi. 4. Deut. xx. † 16. (5.) What many have an equal access to, or interest in, Ezek. xxiii, 42. (6.) What belongs to every one of the society, [Acts ii. 44. and iv. 32.t] The church is called a com into glory, and be re-united to his body on the third day: committing at the same time all the souls of his people into the Father's hand; that they may have a like admission to glory at their death, and a like reunion to their bodies at the last day. COMMANDMENT. See LAW. COMMEND; (1.) To speak to one's praise, 2 Cor. iii. 1. (2.) To Spirit unto the Father, in the fullest conrender praise-worthy; make accept-fidence, that it would immediately enter able, 1 Cor. viii. 8. (3.) To trust a thing to the care and management of another, Acts xx. 32. God commends his love; he makes it appear glorious and unbounded, in that while we were yet sinners Christ died for us, Rom. v. 8. Our righteousness com- They had all things common. They mends the righteousness of God; it cheerfully granted the use of their worldly gives occasion for him clearly to ma- goods to their brethren, even when they renifest his justice in punishing us, or intained their title to them; and some gave forgiving us through [the blood of Je-up the title too: expecting, as it appears, sus: and the rejection of Christ by the Jews,] demonstrated the faithfulness of God in the ancient predictions, Rom. iii. 5.* * Christ at his death, commended his Spirit into his Father's hands, to signify, that, as a public person representing all his people, he now offered up his departing a speedy destruction of the Jewish nation, they sold what they had, and put it into one common stock, to be employed in furnishing out such as were to be sent abroad to preach the gospel, and to be distributed likewise for the maintenance of them that continued in Jerusalem, according to eve ry man's necessities. This gives an affecting view of the Spirit, which ought to govern every true believer; though there was something in the manner and degree Phil. 6. COMMUNION. See FELLOW monwealth; her members stand in || festation of it by good works, for the mutual and strong connections one to advantage of others; or rather acts another; they possess common pri-of beneficence flowing from faith, vileges, and are subject to common laws, Eph. ii. 12. Salvation is common; it is suited to, and offered to men as sinful; it is published to, and received by all sorts of men; and all the saints have an equal interest in it, Jude 3. COMMOTION; tossing to and fro; great unsettledness, perplexity, and trouble, Jer. x. 22. Luke xxi. 9. COMMUNE; to talk [in a friendly manner,] Gen. xxxiv. 6. To commune with our heart, is seriously to pose it with important questions; entertain it with the view of excellent subjects; and address it with weighty charges and directions, Psal. iv. 4. SHIP. COMPACT; regularly framed and joined, Psalm cxxii. 3. The church is compacted together; every member has his own proper station and work, and yet all are so joined, as to add to her general glory and welfare, Eph. iv. 16. Col. ii. 19. COMPANY; a number of persons, Psalm lxviii. 11. To company, accompany, or go in company with, is to go along with one, and often to be familiar with him, 1 Cor. v. 9, 11. Job xxxiv. 8. Psal. Iv. 14. COMPANION; (1.) Familiar friend, Judg. xv. 22. (2.) CopartCOMMUNICATE; (1.) To give ner in office, grace, labour, suffering, others a share of what good things or consultation, Ezra iv. 7. Song viii. we have, 1 Tim. vi. 18. (2.) To have 13. Acts xix. 29. Phil. ii. 25. Heb. a share with one. Thus the Philip-||x. 33. False teachers, and corrupt pians communicated with the apostle in his affliction, bearing a share of it in their supplying him in his distress, Phil. iv. 14, 15. COMMUNICATION; fellowship in converse and practice, 1 Cor. xv. 33. Eph. iv. 29. The communication of faith is an account of it, and of its inward fruits to others; or a mani of its exercise which was peculiar to the circumstances of those days, and which was not designed for the imitation of all after ages. This example is greatly abused by those who infer from it that Christians ought to have no private property: The falsehood of this appears sufficiently from what Peter said to Ananias, Ac. v. 4. Whilst it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own pow er? That Christians were to have private property appears from the duty enjoined upon every one of providing for his own house, 1 Tim. v. 8. from the distinction between rich and poor among Christians and the duty of giving alms, which supposes that distinction, 1 Tim. vi. 12. James i. 10. Heb. xiii. 16. and from those passages that forbid theft and fraud in buying and selling, Ephes. iv. 28. lusts, are Christ's companions, or rivals; they often pretend to be friendly to, and familiar with him, and attempt to share our love and affection due to him, Song i. 7. COMPARE, LIKEN; (1.) To reckon alike or equal, Psal. lxxxix. 6. (2.) To make like, Song i. 9. Jer. vi. 2. (3.) To set things together, in order that the likeness or difference may clearly appear, 1 Cor. ii. 13. Judg. viii. 2. It is not wise to compare ourselves with our opposers or friends; as not they, but the law of God, is the proper standard by which we ought to judge ourselves, 2 Cor. x. 12. To COMPASS; (1.) To go round about a place; to guard or beset it on every side, Psal. v. 12. (2.) To furnish [any thing] plentifully, till one be, as it were, surrounded therewith, Heb. xii. 1. Psal. xxxii. 7.— The virgin Mary compassed a man, when she conceived, retained in her womb, and brought forth the Son of God in our nature, Jer. xxxi. 22.— Men compass God, when they, in mul titudes assemble, to praise and wor- || sinfulness and danger; the excellen ship him, Psal. vii. 7. They compass cy, love, and loveliness, of Christ; him with lies, when, in their worship, the happiness of those who receive they deal hypocritically and deceitful- him; their warrant, and the comly; confess what they do not really mand of God to believe in him; and believe sinful; ask what they do not beseech them, as in Christ's stead, to really desire; vow what they never be reconciled to God, Luke. xiv. 23. intend to perform; profess what they COMPLAIN; to find fault with do not believe with their heart; and an action or condition, Numb. xi. 11. when they multiply idols in his land, Acts xxv. 7. I will leave my comHos. xi. 12. plaint on myself; I will secretly bemoan my own guilt and trouble, Job x. l.t COMPASS.* (1.) An instrument for drawing a circle, Isa. xliv. 13. (2.) A boundary, Prov. viii. 27. (3.) A roundish course, 2 Sam. v. 23. COMPLETE; fully finished, Lev. xxiii. 15. Saints are complete in COMPASSION, PITY; Sympathy Christ: they are perfectly justified, and kindness to such as are in trou-and have in him complete fulness of ble, 1 Kings viii. 50. God's being full of compassion, imports the infinite greatness of his tender mercy and love, and his readiness to comfort and relieve such as are afflicted, Psal. lxxviii. 38. and Ixxxvi. 15. and cxi. 4. and cxlv. 8. COMPEL; (1.) To force violently, Lev. xxv. 39. Mat. v. 41. (2.) To|| urge earnestly, and with success, 1 Sam. xxviii. 23. Ministers compel sinners to come in to Christ's house, when, with the utmost earnestness and concern, they shew them their say grace, to render them perfectly holy and happy, Col. ii. 11. They stand complete in all the will of God, when they regard all his commandments, and obey them in an eminent degree, Col. iv. 12. COMPOSITION; a mingling of several spices, or other ingredients, Exod. xxx. 32. COMPOUND; to mix together, Exod. xxx. 25, 33. COMPREHEND; (1.) To inclose, Isa. xl. 12. (2.) To sum up, Rom. xiii. 9. (3.) To perceive clearly; understand fully, John i. 5. Το comprehend, with all saints, the unbounded love of Christ, is to have a clear, extensive, and heart-ravishing knowledge of its nature and effects, Eph. iii. 18. CONCEAL; to hide; keep secret, Gen. xxxvii. 26. Job concealed not the words of God; he openly professed his adherence to divine truth, and in every proper method improved it for the instruction of others, Job vi. 10. A faithful spirit conceals the matter; he hides his neighbour's infirmities, Prov. xi. 13, * The instrument called the Mariner's Compass, is well known for its usefulness both on land and sea. The invention of this compass is usually ascribed to Flavio da Melfi Gioia, a Neapolitan, about the year 1302; and hence it is, that the territory of Principato, which makes a part of the kingdom of Naples, where he was born, has a compass for its arms. Others that Marcus Paulus, a Venitian, making a journey to China, brought back the invention with him in 1260. What confirms this conjecture is, that at first they used the compass in the same manner as the Chinese still do, i. e. they let it float on a little piece of cork, instead of suspending it on a pivot. It is added, that their emperor Chiningus, a celebrated astrologer, had a knowledge of it 1120 years before Christ. † Or rather, I will not impeach God nor The Chinese only divide their compass in-charge him with unrighteousness or unto 24 points. The French and English || kindness; but though I know not particu both lay claim to the invention of the com-larly the ground of God's controversy with pass; but with little foundation for such me, I acknowledge it to be in myself, and pretension. willingly bear all the blame, VOL. I. 2 T Ency. |