When the first substantive serves the purpose of an adjective, Between an adjective and its substantive the hyphen should When an adjective, or an adverb, and a participle immediate- § 695. The mark for the long vowel (-) is used by being § 696. The DIERESIS () consists of two points, which are T § 697. The PARAGRAPH (¶) denotes the beginning of a new § 698. The SECTION (§) denotes the division of a discourse § 699. QUOTATION MARKS ("") denote that the words of an- § 700. The INDEX or HAND () points out a remarkable $701. The ELLIPSIS *** or -) denotes the omission of BBB § 702. The ASTERISK (*), the OBELISK (†), the Double DagGER (4), and PARALLELS (), together with LETTERS and FIGURES, are used as references to the margin or bottom of the page. CAPITAL LETTERS. § 703. In ancient manuscripts capital letters only were used, which followed one another without being divided into words by spaces or into sentences by points. At a later period, nouns always commenced with a capital, as is the practice now in the German language. In the use of capitals in the English language, there is some diversity in the practice of writers and printers. The following classes of words usually begin with capital letters: 1. The first word of every book, chapter, letter, or any other piece of writing; also the first word after a Period; also the first word after an Interrogation point, or an Exclamation point, if it closes an independent sentence; also the first word of every line of poetry; also the first word of a formal quotation; as, Remember the ancient maxim: "Know thyself." But for an informal quotation a capital is unnecessary; as, Solomon remarks "that pride goes before destruction" of places. 2. Proper names; Adjectives derived from proper names; titles of honor and distinction; and Common Nouns personified: New York; Roman; General Scott; Alexander the Great; "There Honor comes a pilgrim gray." 3. Words used as the names of the Deity; as, God, Jehovah. 4. Every substantive and principal word in the title of books; as, "Pope's Essay on Man." The title-page of books, the pronoun I, and the interjection O. Other words besides the preceding may begin with capital letters when they are emphatical, or the Principal Subject of discourse. Italic letters are used for distinguishing words and phrases which are emphatic. THE END. |