MOSES AT THE FAIR.

9

back no money," cried Moses again; "I have laid it all out in a bargain, and here it is," pulling out a bundle from his breast.4 "Here they are-a gross of green spectacles, with silver rims, and shagreen cases."6 "A gross of green spectacles!" repeated my wife, in 7 a faint voice. 8 "And you have parted with the colt, and10 brought us back nothing but a gross of green paltry 12 spectacles !" "Dear mother," cried the boy,13 "why won't you listen to reason ?14 I had them a dead bargain,15 or else 16 I should not have bought them. The silver rims alone will sell for double the money" 17 "A fig for the 18 silver rims !" cried my wife in a passion ;19 "I daresay 20 they won't sell for above half the money at the rate 22 of broken silver, five shillings an ounce. "You need be under no uneasiness," 24 cried 1,25" about selling 26 the rims, for 27 they are not worth sixpence; for I perceive they are only copper varnished over."28" "What!" cried my wife," not29 silver! the rims not silver !" "No," cried 1,30 " no more silver than your saucepan.” "And so," returned she,31 "we have parted with the colt, and

21

"23

1 Cried Moses again, reprit Moïse-2 in, à-3 and here it is, que voici 4 from his breast, de sa veste-5 with, à-6 and......cases, et avec étuis de......- in, " of "—8 faint.. défaillante- you have parted with the, vous vous êtes dessaisi du-10" and you have "11 nothing but, rien que-12 paltry, méchantes-13 cried the boy, better omitted-14 listen to reason, entendre raison--15 I had them a dead bargain, j'ai fait un admirable marché 16 or else, autrement-17 will sell for double the money, se vendront le double de la somme-18 a fig for the, foin de vos-19 in a passion, en colère-20 I daresay, je suis sûre que-21 for above half the money, pour plus de la moitié de la somme 22 rate, taux-23 "the ounce"-24 you need be under no uneasiness, ne vous mettez pas en peine-25 cried I," said I"-26 about selling, de la vente de-27 for, to be left out-28 they are only copper varnished over, elles sont tout bonnement en cuivre verni-29 not, pas en- 30 and 31 cried I and returned she, better omitted.

" Here Mrs. Primrose, in addressing her boy in French, should pass from the affectionate tu to the angry vous.

4

have only got a gross of green spectacles, with 2 copper rims and shagreen cases! A murrain take such trumpery!3 The blockhead has been imposed upon, and should have known his company better !" 5 "There, my dear," cried I, "you are wrong; he should not have known thema at all." 66 Marry, hang the idiot!"9 returned she,10" to bring me such stuff;11 if I had them 12 I would throw them in the 13 fire." "There again11 you are wrong, my dear," cried I,15" for16 though they be copper,17 we will keep them by us;18 as copper spectacles, you know,20 are better21 than nothing."

14

19

By this time the unfortunate Moses was undeceived.29 22 He now 23 saw that he had indeed 24 been imposed upon 25 by a prowling sharper,26 who, observing his figure,27 had marked him for 28 an easy prey. I therefore asked him the circumstances 29 of his deception.30 He sold 31 the horse, it seems, and walked 32 the fair in

We have parted with the......and have only got, nous n'avons plus de......et nous voilà tout simplement avec-2 with, may be left out here a murrain take such trumpery! au diable une pareille camelotte! the blockhead has been imposed upon, l'imbécile s'est laissé duper-5 and should have known his company.. il aurait dû......connaître son monde-6 there, quant à cela-7 and 10 cried I and returned she, better omitted as above-8 you are wrong, vous avez tort-9 hang the idiot! peste du sot!-11 such stuff, de pareilles drogues-12 if I had them, si je les tenais-13 in the, au-14 there again, ici encore-15 cried I, better omitted16 for, may be left out-17 "in" or " of copper "-18 by us, par devers nous (may be left out)—19 as, car— you know, entendez-vous-21 better, valent mieux-22 by, etc......undeceived, le pauvre M. était maintenant revenu de son erreur-or: les yeux du pauvre M. se dessillèrent en ce moment-23 now, to be left out-24 indeed, réellement-25 imposed upon, dupé-26 a prowling sharper, un filou aux aguets-27 observing his figure, sur sa mine-28 marked......for, jugé -29 circumstances, détails-30 deception, mésaventure-31 "he had sold," see note 4, p. 6-32 walked, se promenait dans.

20

are

a Them, le; not les.-Collective nouns, as foule, comité, monde, require the adjective, pronoun, verb, etc., connected with them, to be in the singular, in French.

4

THE PORT-ROYAL SOCIETY.

6

11

search of another." A reverend-looking1 man brought him to a tent under pretence of having one to sell. "Here," continued Moses, "we met another man, very well dressed, who desired to borrow twenty pounds upon these,5 saying that he wanted money, and would dispose of them for a third of their value. The first gentleman, who pretended to be my friend, whispered me to buy them, and cautioned me not to let so good an9 opportunity pass. I sent for 10 Mr. Flamborough, and they talked him up as finely as they did they did me; 11 and so at last 12 we were persuaded to 13 buy the two gross between us." 14

7

GOLDSMITH, "Vicar of Wakefield."

THE PORT-ROYAL SOCIETY.

Every lover 15 of letters 16 has heard of 17 this learned society, which contributed so greatly 18 to establish in France a taste for 19 just reasoning, simplicity of style,20

"that

1 Reverend-looking, à figure respectable-2 of having one, he had one of them," see note a, below-3" there "4 man, very well dressed, individu très bien mis-5 “ these spectacles" 6 would dispose of them, qu'il les donnerait-7 whispered me to, me conseilla tout bas de 8 cautioned me not to let......pass, m'engagea à ne pas laisser échapper.. a so good"-10 I sent for, j'envoyai chercher- they, etc......me, ils l'éblouirent, comme moi, par de belles paroles-12 and so at last, si bien qu'à la fin—13 we were persuaded to, nous consentîmes à-14 between us, છે. nous deux.

9 66

19 a taste

15 Every lover, tous les amis-16 letters, belles-lettres-17 has heard of, ont entendu parler de-18 greatly, puissammentfor, le goût du-20 simplicity of style, du style simple.

a In search of another, en en cherchant un autre (i.e., in seeking another of them). That personal pronoun en (" of it," "of them") is indispensable here; it always accompanies the indefinite pronouns quelques-uns, aucun, autre, as also nouns expressing a quantity (une douzaine, une moitié, etc.), and the numeral adjectives or adverbs of quantity, when they are the "object" of the verb, and the noun to which they refer is not expressed at the same time. Thus we say : "Prenez-en quelques-uns;" "J'en achèterai une douzaine;" voulez-vous encore ?" etc.

66

en

4

and philosophical method. Their "Logic, or the Art of Thinking," for its lucid, accurate, and diversified matter,2 is still an admirable work; notwithstanding the writers had to emancipate themselves from the barbarism of the scholastic logic. It was the conjoint labour 5 of Arnauld and Nicole.* Europe has benefited by the labours of these learned men;7 but not many have attended to the origin and dissolution of this literary society.

14

In the year 1637, Le Maistre, a' celebrated advocate, resigned 10 the bar, and 11 the honour of being Conseiller d'Etat, which his uncommon merit had obtained 12 him, though then only 13 twenty-eight years of age. His brother,15 De Sericourt, who had followed the military profession,16 quitted it at the same time.17 Consecrating themselves to the service of religion, they retired into a small house near the Port-Royal of Paris, where they were joined by 18 their brothers De Sacy, De St. Elme, and De Valmont. Arnauld, one of their most illustrious associates, was induced to enter into 19 the Jansenist†

6

1 Their, see note a, p. 10-2 "for the lucidity, the accuracy, and the variety of the matter"-3 still, encore aujourd'hui- notwithstanding......had, bien que......aient eu-5 conjoint labour, œuvre en commun- benefited by, profité de-7 learned men, savants8 not many have attended to, peu se sont enquis de-9 a, to be left out-10 resigned, renonça à-11 and, et à 12 obtained, valu13 though then only, bien qu'il n'eût alors que-14 of age, to be left out-15 brother, confrère-16 profession, carrière-17 at the same time, en même temps-18 where they were joined by, où se joignirent à eux-19 was induced to enter into, se laissa entraîner dans.

* See Biographical notice No. 10 in Appendix.

+ The Jansenists were the partisans of the doctrine of Jansen or Jansenius (Bishop of Ypres) on grace and predestination—which doctrine was the subject of a sharp controversy in the religious world from about 1640 to 1764.

THE PORT-ROYAL SOCIETY.

13

controversy, and then it was that they encountered a the powerful persecution of the Jesuits. Constrained to remove1 from that spot, they fixed their residence at a few 2 leagues from Paris, and called it Port-Royal des Champs.

These illustrious recluses were joined by many distinguished persons, who gave up their parks and houses to be appropriated to their schools; and this community was called 5 the Society of Port-Royal.

b

Here were no rules, no vows, no constitution, and no cells formed. Prayer and study, and manual labour, were 7 their only occupations. They applied themselves 8 to the education of youth, and raised up little academies in the neighbourhood, where the members of PortRoyal, the most illustrious names of literary France, presided. None 10 considered his birth entitled him to any exemption 11 from their public offices, 12 relieving 13

1 To remove, de s'éloigner-2 a few, quelques-3 these......were joined by, à ces......se joignirent-4 to, pour-5 was called, s'appela 6 here were no rules, no..... .....formed, là, point de règles, point de......— and imperfect to be used here-9 raised up, ils fondèrent -10"none of them "-11" considered himself as exempted by his birth"-12 from their public offices, des fonctions publiques de la Société 13 relieving, tous, ils soulageaient (see note, p. 5).

a Then it was that they encountered. The genius of the French language never admits of this double preterit, and the rendering must be: c'est-not ce fut-alors qu'ils essuyèrent, etc.

b Here, là. This rendering of here by "là," instead of "ici," often occurs, especially in an historical narrative. In the same way, this will often be rendered by "cela," instead of " ceci."

Translate: "raised up in the neighbourhood little academies where." Like the relative pronoun (see note 6, p. 4), the adverb où must be placed as close as possible to the noun to which it refers. As a principle to be borne in mind, the logical connection of the several parts of a sentence must be scrupulously attended to in French.

a Where the, etc. . . . presided, où présidaient les, etc. . . . In a subordinate sentence beginning with où, comme, ainsi que, etc., the verb, if without a complement or objective, should thus come first, more especially when the nominative case is complex and lengthy, as it happens to be here.