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supervision, was so sanguine as to suppose that Topsy had at last fallen into her ways 2 and could do without overlooking, and so go off and busy herself about something else, Topsy would hold a perfect carnival of confusion for some one or two hours.5 Instead of making the bed, she would amuse herself with pulling off 7 the pillow-cases, butting her woolly head among the pillows, till it would sometimes be 10 grotesquely ornamented with feathers sticking out in various directions; she would climb the posts,12 and hang head downwards from the tops; 13 flourish11 the sheets and blankets all over 15 the apartment; dress the bolster up in Miss Ophelia's night clothes, and enact various scenic performances with that 16--singing, and whistling, and making grimaces at herself 17 in the looking-glass; in short, as Miss Ophelia phrased it,18 "raising Cain" generally.

On one occasion 19 Miss Ophelia found Topsy with her very best scarlet India Canton crape shawl20 wound 21 round her head for a 22 turban, going on with her rehearsals before the looking-glass in great style 23-Miss

1 Was so sanguine as to, se laissait aller à-2 had at last fallen into her ways, avait fini par se conformer à ses vues (see note ", p. 66)3 and could do without overlooking, et n'avait plus besoin d'être surveillée and so go off, etc......else, et que là-dessus elle s'en allât s'occuper de quelque autre chose-5 T. would hold, etc......hours, T. s'en donnait à cœur joie pendant une heure ou deux de carnaval-6 see note a, p. 54-7 with pulling off, à ôter-8 butting her woolly head, et à fourrer sa tête laineuse-9 among, au milieu de-10 till it would sometimes be, au point de l'avoir parfois (see note a, p. 35)-11 sticking out, qui se dressaient-12 she would climb the posts, elle grimpait aux colonnes du lit-13 sing.- -14 flourish, elle lançait-15 all over, d'un bout à l'autre de 16 and enact various scenic performances with that, et représentait avec cela diverses scènes dramatiques-17 making.. at herself, se faisant......à elle-meme (see note a, p. 84)-18 as Miss O. phrased it, suivant l'expression de Miss O.-19 on one occasion, un jour 20 her, etc.......shawl, literally, "her finest shawl of the Indies scarlet in crape of Canton"-21 wound, roulé 22 for a, en guise de-23 going on with her rehearsals.... .in great style, en grande représentation......

IRISH FEELING IN 1785.

155

Ophelia having, with carelessness most unheard of in her, left the key for once in her drawers.

2

MRS. STOWE, "Uncle Tom's Cabin."

4

IRISH FEELING IN 1785.

Ireland has been represented as the slave of England by the laws of nature, in order to justify a system which would have made us 5 her slave by force and operation of covenant.6 We have been further told 7 in debate and public prints that our trade has no claim to the protection of the British 10 navy. Sir, you pay for that protection; 11 you paid for it long ago; I tell you that payment was 12 the crown of Ireland. You annexed the crown of Ireland to that of Great Britain, and have a right to 13 the protection of her navy, as much as she has a right to consider you as part of the empire. Protecting you 14 with her navy, she protects her own balance and weight 15 in Europe, and preserves an empire which would else be reduced to an island. But if you are protected by an English,16 not 17 an Irish navy, it is not that you have not granted taxes,18 but that 19 Great Britain naturally chooses to

1 With carelessness most unheard of in her, par une négligence inouïe de sa part-2 for once, une fois par hasard-3 in, sur.

4 By, en vertu de-5 which would have made us, tendant à faire de nous-6 of covenant, de l'acte d'union-7 we have been further told, on nous a dit aussi (see note a, p. 50)-8 in debate and public prints, à la tribune et dans la presse-claim, "right"-10 see note ", p. 59-11 you pay for that protection, vous payez pour l'avoir, cette protection-12 I tell you that payment was, je vous dis, moi (see note a, p. 42), que le prix en a été—13 and have a right to, et vous avez droit à-14 "in protecting you”—15 weight, influence— 16❝an English navy"—17 not, et non pas-18 it is not that you have not granted taxes, ce n'est pas que vous n'ayez pas fourni les impôts 19 but that, mais c'est que.

13

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have but one navy in the empire, and very naturally wishes that navy to be her own. You are prevented from having an Irish navy, and 5 should not be reproached with the protection of the British; 7 as gentlemen have triumphantly displayed the dependency of their native land on Great 10 Britain, they have 11 most anxiously concealed her value and importance the importance of her linen yarn, bay yarn,' hides, provisions, and men; 13 the importance of her assent to the monopolies of Great Britain, East and West,14 and to the continuation of the act of navigation. Under such false impressions, then,15 in 16 those who are perhaps to act on the part of 17 Ireland, an ignorance or concealment of 18 her real consequence and resources, and the false persuasion 19 of her insignificance and dereliction-nay, I will add, a zeal to 20 display an offensive catalogue of her wants and wretchedness,21 I ask, what treaty will be made 22 under these 23 circumstances that shall be to your advantage? 24 Let me, therefore, cau

1 Naturally chooses to have but, veut naturellement n'avoir que2 that navy to be, que cette marine soit-3 her own, simply "hers" 4 you are prevented, "they prevent you" (see note ", p. 50)5 leave out and, and put a semicolon- should not be reproached with (see notes a, p. 1, and a, p. 7)-7" British navy" leave out as, and put a full stop-gentlemen, etc......land on, literally: "certain speakers (orateurs) have taken pleasure to show to what extent (jusqu'à quel point) their country depends on (de)"-10"the Great" "they have also"-12 linen yarn, bay yarn, fils de lin et de laine-13 provisions and men, de ses denrées et de sa population-14 East and West, dans l'Orient et dans l'Occident (see note ", p. 60)-15 under such......then, en présence donc de si...... chez-17 who, etc......on the part of, qui peut-être sont appelés à agir au nom de-18 an ignorance or concealment of, literally: "when they ignore or feign to ignore"-19 the false persuasion, "when they are falsely persuaded"-20 a zeal to, lorsqu'ils s'évertuent à21 wretchedness, misères (plural) 22 literally: "what treaty, I ask it to you, will they (on) conclude"-23 under these, dans de telles- 24 that shall be to your advantage, qui puisse vous être avantageux.

16 in,

THE RELIEF OF LONDONDERRY.

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tion my country1 against the revival 2 of this bill, and against those arguments which have a tendency to put down the pretensions of Ireland, and humble the pride of the Irish nation. Public pride is the best champion of public liberty; cherish it,5 for if ever this kingdom shall fall in her own esteem, shall labour under a prepossession of impotence, shall conceive she cannot have the necessaries of life or manufacture, but 10 from the charity of another country; in short, that God and nature have put her in 11 a state of physical bondage; I say, if once this becomes her sentiment,12 your laws are nothing,18 your charters are paper, 14 and Ireland is 15 a slave with Magna Charta in her hand. Let us not then put down 16 our native land, and rob her of a her pride, to rob her of her constitution.

HENRY GRATTAN, Sept. 6th, 1785.

THE RELIEF OF LONDONDERRY (A.D. 1689).

It was the thirtieth of 17 July. The sun had just

1 Let me therefore caution my country, qu'il me soit donc permis de mettre mon pays en garde 2 revival, remise en vigueur— 3 have a tendency, simply: "tend"-4" and to"-5 cherish it, veillez-y-6 shall, devait 7 shall labour under a prepossession, s'il se laissait succomber à un faux sentiment-8 shall conceive she cannot have, s'il en venait à s'imaginer qu'il ne peut obtenir-9 the necessaries of life or manufacture, les nécessités de la vie ou les matières premières pour ses manufactures-10 but, que-11 have put her in, l'ont condamné à-12 I say, if once this becomes her sentiment, si, dis-je, telle est jamais sa manière de penser-13 are nothing, ne seront plus rien-14 are paper, ne seront plus que du papier-15 is, "will be"-16 literally: "let us not then suffer that they should put down (qu'on rabaisse)."

17 The thirtieth of, le trente.

"And rob her of, ni qu'on lui vole.-"To rob some one of something," must be turned in French into "to rob something to some

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set the evening sermon in the cathedral was over;3 and the heart-broken congregation had separated, when the sentinels on 5 the tower saw the sails of three vessels coming up the Foyle. Soon there was a stir in the Irish camp. The besiegers were on the alert for miles along both shores. The ships were in extreme peril, for the river was low; and the only navigable channel ran very near to 10 the left bank, where the head quarters of the enemy had been fixed, and where the batteries were most 11 numerous. Leake performed his duty with a skill and spirit worthy of his noble profession, exposed his frigate to cover 12 the merchantmen, and used his guns with great 13 effect. At length the little squadron came 14 to the place of peril. Then the Mountjoy took the lead,15 and went right at the boom.16 The huge barricade cracked and gave way; 17 but the shock was such that the Mountjoy rebounded,18 and stuck in the mud.19 A yell of triumph rose from the 20 banks; the Irish rushed to their boats, and were preparing to board; but the Dartmouth poured 21 on them a well-directed broadside, which threw them into disorder.22 Just then 23 the Phoenix dashed at the breach which the Mountjoy had made, and was 24 in a moment within the

1 Had just set, venait de se coucher- 2 in, "at"-3 over, fini4 had separated, s'était dispersée-5 on, de-6 coming up, qui montaient soon there was a stir in the Irish camp, l'agitation parcourut bientôt le camp irlandais-8 on the alert for miles, sur le qui-vive sur un espace de plusieurs milles-9 both shores, "the two banks"-10 ran very near to, longeait presque-11 most, le plus12 to cover, pour mettre à couvert-13 great," much" (see note, p. 61)-14 at length......came, finit par arriver (see note ", p. 66) 15 took the lead, prit les devants-16 went right at the boom, s'avança droit au barrage-17 literally: "a cracking made itself heard (se fit entendre): the huge barricade had given way (cédé)"18 rebounded, en rebondit-19 stuck in the mud, resta fixé dans la vase- 20 "the two"-21 poured, vomit-22 literally: "which threw the disorder into their ranks"-23 just then, c'est alors que- 24 note 4, p. 33.

see