returns for infants." a The census of 1890 gives only a few life tables, and that for 1900 none. In striking contrast to these recent increases of the life span in progressive countries is the table for backward India, which showed no advance in twenty years.b ways, the letter of the law and is to prohibit the addition to food of any substance that is deleterious to health. Now, various persons to whom this subject has been referred have not all been able to find that these preservatives, in themselves, have decided injurious effects upon the system. Therefore, at the present stage of these investigations, the Government cannot prohibit their use. It does demand, however, that the manufacturer place upon his label the exact amount of these substances that public rejection will influence future output. This brings us back to the original point we made, that the individual must protect himself. It is his responsibility, as well as his privilege, to make his own decision, but let him do so with his eyes open. There are many firms who put up all goods without using any preservatives. There are many who use preservatives for the sake of making their process more easy or more economical, but with no illegitimate purpose. There are those, however, who use preservatives in order to can decomposing material. The consumer may read the label and make his choice. It is needless to say that public demand and public rejection will influence the future output. Continued from page 17. lem whether or not sodium benzoate is injurious to health, can be answered only by exhaustive physiological experiments upon human beings and lower animals. Resolutions by medical societies, chemical societies or woman's clubs or offhand opinions of laymen, druggists or doctors, have the least weight in the court of science. Experiment, and it only, repeated and proven by many experiments, can be accepted. It is absolutely true, as Koch has so ably said: "We cannot settle scientific questions or arrive at the truth by resolutions." Continued from page 19. The action of The Journal of Commerce in so consistently holding up Dr. Wiley through this time of storm and stress cannot be too highly commended, for in Dr. Wiley the consumer has a man who has stood faithfully for the rights of the consumer. If the consumer through lack of knowledge or indifference, call it what you will, does not stand for his own right, then he is in still greater need of the rigid interpretation of the Pure Food Law. This interpretation of the law does not depend upon the decision of the referee board or of any board, but it depends upon the decision of the courts. The Pure Food Law was drawn to protect consumers from the evils of adulterated and misbranded foods, drugs, liquors and medicines. The courts alone can insure that protection." EKEKE Office of Dairy and Food Commissioner REMICK W. DUNLAP, COLUMBUS, 0. 32383 To Dealers, Manufacturers and Others Concerned in Flavoring Extracts: The General Assembly at its last session amended the general Food and Drug law, by adopting as standards for flavoring extracts in Chio the same standards adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture and promulgated in its Circular No. 19 under date of June 26, 1906. In endeavoring to enforce the law relating to flavoring extracts, it was evident that the law in Ohio on this subject. was too exacting. Heretofore, it was necessary that extracts sold in Ohio should conform to the standards laid down in the United States Pharmacopœia. In some instances it was practically impossible to sell a legal product that was at all desirable for food purposes. In other instances it was necessary to label genuine articles as artificial or imitation products. The only modification in the law is that changing the standards for flavoring extracts from those laid down in the United States Pharmacopoeia and National Formulary and other standard works on Materia Medica to the Federal standards. All extracts that do not conform to these adopted standards must still be labeled as "compounds" or "mixtures" or "imitation" or "artificial,"as the case may be, together with the formula printed in the English language, in terms of 100%, and all in proper sized type. This labelling should appear on both the carton and bottle. A copy of the law as amended is given below. Yours very truly, RENICK W. DUNLAP. Commissioner. Chio General Food and Drug Law, as amended March 12, 1909. AN ACT. To provide against the adulteration and misbranding of food and drugs. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio: SECTION 1. That no person shall, within this state, manufacture for sale, offer for sale, sell, deliver or have in his posession with intent to sell or deliver, any drug or article of food which is adulterated, within the meaning of this act; that no person shall, within this state, offer for sale, sell, deliver or have in his posession with intent to sell or deliver any drug or article of food which is misbranded within the meaning of this act. Sec. 2. The term "drug," as used in this act, shall include all medicines for internal or external use or for inhalation, antiseptic, disinfectants and cosmetics. The term "food," as used herein, shall include all articles used for food, drink, flavoring extract, confectionery, or condiment by man, whether simple, mixed or compound. The term "flavoring extract," as used herein, shall include any article used as a flavor for foods or drinks whether used or sold un der the name of extract, flavor, essence, tincture, or any other name. Sec. 3. An article shall be deemed to be adulterated within the meaning of this act: (a) In the case of drugs: (1) If, when sold under or by a name recognized in the eighth decennial revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia,or the third edition of the National Formulary, it differs from the standard of strength, quality or purity laid down therein; (2) if, when sold under or by a name not recognized in the eighth decennial revision of the United States Pharmacopœia, or the third edition of the National Formulary, but which is found in some other pharmacopoeia, or other standard work on materia medica, it differs materially from the standard of strength, quality or purity laid down in such work; (3) if its strength, quality or purity falls below the professed standard under which it is sold; (4) if it is an imitation of, or offered for sale under the name of another article; (5) if the contents of the package as originally put up shall have been removed, in whole or in part, and other contents shall have been placed in such package; (6) if it contains any methyl or wood alcohol. (b) In the case of food, drink, confectionery or condiment: (1) If any substance or substances have been mixed with it, so as to lower or depreciate or injuriously affect its quality, strength or purity; (2) if any inferior or cheaper substance or substances have been substituted wholly, or in part, for it; (3) if any valuable or necessary constituent or ingredient has been wholly, or in part, abstracted from it; (4) if it is an imitation of, or is sold under the name of another article; (5) if it consists wholly, or in part, of a diseased, decomposed, putrid, infected, tainted or rotten animal or vegetable substance or article, whether manufactured or not or in the case of milk, if it is the produce of a diseased animal; (6) if it is colored, coated, polished or powdered, whereby damage or inferiority is concealed, or if by any means it is made to appear better or of greater value than it really is; (7) if it contains any added substance or ingredient which is poisonous or injurious to health; (8) if, when sold under or by a name recognized in the eighth decennial revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia, or the third edition of the National Formulary, it differs from the standard of strength, quality or purity laid down therein; (9) if, when sold under or by a name not recognized in the eighth decennial revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia or the third edition of the National Formulary, but is found in some other pharmacopoeia, or other standard work on materia medica, it differs materially from the standard of strength, quality or purity laid down in such work; (10) if the strength, quality or purity falls below the professed standard under which it is sold; (11) if it contains any methyl or wood alcohol. (c) In the case of flavoring extracts (1) If any substance or substances have been mixed with it, so as to lower or depreciate or injuriously affect its quality, strength or purity; (2) if any inferior or cheaper substance or substances have been substituted wholly, or in part, for it; (3) if any valuable or necessary constituent or ingredient has been wholly, or in part, abstracted from it; (4) if it is an imitation of, or is sold under the name of another article; (5) if it is colored whereby damage or inferiority is concealed, or if it by any means is made to appear better or of greater value than it really is: (6) if it contains any added substance or ingredient which is poisonous or injurious to health; (7) if the strength, quality or purity falls below the professed standard under which it is sold; (8) if it contains any methyl or from oil of not less than not less than wood alcohol; (9) if when sold under or by any one of the following names it differs from the standard hereby fixed therefor: (1) Almond extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of bitter almonds, free from hydrocyanic acid, and shall contain not less than one (1) per cent. by volume of oil of bitter almonds; (2) anise extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared anise, and shall contain three (3) per cent. by volume of oil of anise; (3) celery seed extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from celery seed or the oil of celery seed, or both, and shall contain not less than threetenths (0.3) per cent. by volume of oil of celery seed; (4) cassia extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of cassia, and shall contain not less than two (2) per cent. by volume of oil of cassia; (5) cinnamon extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of cinnamon, and shall contain not less than two (2) per cent. by volume of oil of cinnamon; (6) clove extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of cloves, and shall contain not less than two per cent. by volume of oil of cloves; (7) ginger extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from ginger, and shall contain in each one hundred (100) cubic centimeters the alcohol-soluble matters from not less than twenty (20) grams of ginger; (8)lemon extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of lemons, or from lemon peel or both, and shall contain not less than five (5) per cent. by volume of oil of lemon; (9) ter- ̧ peneless extract of lemon shall be the flavoring extract prepared by shaking oil of lemon with dilute alcohol, or by dissolving terpeneless oil of lemon in dilute alcohol and shall contain not less than two tenths (0.2) per cent. by weight of citral, derived from oil of lemon; (10) nutmeg extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of nutmeg, and shall contain not less than two (2) per cent. by volume of oil of nutmeg; (11) orange extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of orange, or from orange peel, or both and shall contain not less than five (5) per cent by volume of oil of orange; (12) terpeneless extract of orange shall be the flavoring extract prepared by shaking oil of orange with dilute alcohol, or by dissolving terpenless oil of orange in dilute alcohol and shall correspond in flavoring strength to orange extract; (13) peppermint extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from the oil of peppermint or from peppermint, or from both, and shall contain not less than (3) per cent. by volume of oil of peppermint; (14) rose extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from otto of roses, with or without rose petals, and shall contain not less than four-tenths (0.4) per cent. by volume of otto of roses; (15) savory extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of savory, or from savory, or both, and and shall contain not less than thirty five hundredths (0.35) per cent. by volume of oil of savory; (16) spearmint extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of spearmint, or from spearmint, or both, and shall contain not less than (3) per cent. by volume of oil of spearmint; (17) star anise extract shall be the flavoring extract preparcd from oil of star anise, and shall contain not less than three (3) per cent. by volume of oil of star anise; (18) sweet basil extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of sweet basil, or from sweet basil, or both, and shall contain not less than one-tenth (0.1) per cent. by volume of oil of sweet basil;(19) sweet majoram extract, majoram extract, shall be the flavoring extract prepared from the oil of majoram, or from majoram, or both, and shall contain not less than one (1) per cent. by volume of oil of majoram; (20) thyme extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from oil of thyme,or from thyme, or both and shall contain not less than two-tenths (0.2) per cent. by volume of oil of thyme; (21) tonka extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from tonka bean, with or without glycerin or sugar, and shall contain not less than one-tenth (0.1) per cent. by weight of coumarin extract from the tonka bean, together with a corresponding proportion of other soluble matters thereof; (22) vanilla extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from the vanilla bean, with or without sugar or glycerin, and shall contain in one hundred (100) cubic centimeters the soluble matters from not less than ten (10) grams of the vanilla bean; (23) wintergreen extract shall be the flavoring extract prepared from the oil of wintergreen, and shall contain not less than three (3) per cent. by volume of oil of wintergreen...All of said flavoring extracts shall be a solution in ethyl alcohol of proper strength of the sapid and odorous principles derived from an aromatic plants,or parts of the plant,and shall conform in name to the plant used in its preparation. Sec. 3a.. An article shall be deemed to be misbranded within the meaning of this act: (a) In the case of drugs: (1) If the package fails to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of any grain or ethyl alcohol, morphine, opium, cocaine, heroine, alpha or beta eucaine, chloroform, cannabis indica, chloral hydrate, acetanilide or any derivative or preparation of any such substances contained therein, provided, that the provisions of this section shall not apply to prescriptions of regularly licensed physicians, dentists and doctors of veterinary medicine, nor to such drugs and preparations as are officially recognized in the Eighth Decennial Revision of the United States Pharmocopoeia, or the Third Edition of the National Formulary and which are sold under the name by which they are so recognized; (2) if the package containing it or any label thereon shall bear any statement, design or device regarding it or the ingredients or substances contained therein, which shall be false or misleading in any particular. (b) In case of food, drink, flavoring extracts, confectionery or condiment:(1) If the package fails to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of any morphine, opium, cocaine, heroine, alpha or beta eucaine, chloroform, cannabis indica, choral hydrate or acetanilide, or any derivative or preparation of any such substances contained therein; (2) if it be labeled or branded so as to deceive or mislead the purchaser, or purport to be a foreign product when not so; (3) if in package form, and the contents are stated in terms of weight or measure, they are not plainly and correctly stated on the outside of the package; (4) in case of any flavoring extract, for which no standard exists, if the same is not labeled "artificial" or "imitation" and the formula printed in the same manner hereinafter provided for the labeling of "compounds" or "mixtures" and their formulae; (5) if the package containing it or any label thereon shall bear any statement, design or device regarding it or the ingredients or substances contained therein, which shall be false or misleading in any particular; provided, that the provisions of this act shall not apply to mixtures or compounds recognized as ordinary articles or ingredients of articles of food or drink, if each and every package sold or offered for sale be distinctly labeled in words of the English language as mixtures or compounds, with the name and percentage, in terms of 100 per cent., of each ingredient therein. The word "compound" or "mixture" shall be printed in letters and figures not |