her prayers, doth Profanation walk under her nose in contempt of religion." Massinger, in his "City Madam," thus alludes to the disreputable characters who frequented "Paul's Walk."

I'll hang you both, I can but ride

You for the purse, you cut in sermon time at Paul's.

Falstaff, also, in speaking of Bardolph, says, "I bought him in Paul's." The witty Dr. Corbett, Bishop of Norwich, thus speaks of the manner in which, in his time, the old Cathedral was desecrated:

When I pass Paul's, and travel in that walk,
Where all our British sinners swear and talk!
Old Harry ruffians, bankrupts, soothsayers,
And youth whose cozenage is old as theirs
And then behold the body of my lord
Trod under foot by vice, which he abhorr'd,
It woundeth me.

The once popular phrase of "dining with Duke Humphrey," as we have already remarked, was applied to persons who, not having the means of providing themselves with a dinner, whiled away, in the aisles of St. Paul's, the hours at which others were enjoying their comfortable meal. The middle aisle occasionally went by the name of "Duke Humphrey's Walk," from a belief that a conspicuous monument which it contained was that of Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester. There is no doubt, however, that the monument in question was that of Sir John Beauchamp, the royal standard-bearer at the Battle of Cressy, and one of the original

Knights of the Garter. Bishop Hall writes in his seventh satire,—

'Tis Ruffio: trow'st thou where he dined to-day?
In sooth I saw him sit with Duke Humfray,
Many good welcomes, and much gratis cheer,
Keeps he for every straggling cavalier;
An open house, haunted with great resort;
Long service, mixed with musical disport.
Many fair yonker with a feathered crest,
Chooses much rather be his shot-free guest,
To fare so freely with so little cost,

Than stake his twelve pence to a meaner host.

On the destruction of St. Paul's Cathedral, the nave of Westminster Abbey became the fashionable walk of London.

In old St. Paul's were interred two of our old Saxon kings-Sebba, King of the East Saxons, who was converted to Christianity by Erkenwald in 667; and Ethelred the Second, who died in 1016. Here, too, were interred the following eminent persons, whose tombs-many of them of great beauty perished with the Cathedral in the great Fire of London:

-

Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, the distinguished statesman and warrior of the reign of Edward the First. He died in 1312, "at his mansion house called Lincoln's Inn, in the suburbs of London, which he himself had erected in that place, where the Black Friars' habitation anciently stood." * His effigy, in old St. Paul's, represented him clad in complete armour, his body covered with a short mantle, and his legs crossed.

* See ante, First Series, vol. ii. p. 87.

Sir John Beauchamp, Constable of Dover Castle, to whose monument we have just referred, was also represented in full armour, in a recumbent posture. He was summoned to parliament, in the reign of Edward the Third, as "Johannes de Bello-Campo de Warrewyk," and died in 1358, when the barony became extinct.

Under a beautiful gothic arch lay the armed effigy of the unfortunate Sir Simon de Burley, perhaps the most accomplished man of his age. He lived on affectionate terms with Edward the Third, and was the chosen companion of the Black Prince, who selected him to be the tutor of his son, afterwards Richard the Second. Having become involved in the ruined fortunes of his royal master, he was ordered by the inexorable Thomas Duke of Gloucester, to the block. In vain did the Queen, Anne of Bohemia, throw herself at Gloucester's feet, and implore him to spare the life of one so accomplished and so esteemed. Her prayers and entreaties were uttered in vain. Burley was sentenced to be drawn, hanged, and quartered; but in consideration of his being a Knight of the Garter, and of the services which he had rendered to the late King, his sentence was changed to decapitation, which was carried into effect the same day on Tower Hill. "To write of his shameful death," says Froissart, "right sore displeases me; for when I was young I found him a noble knight, sage and wise: yet no excuse could be heard; and on a day he was brought

out of the Tower and beheaded like a traitor: God have mercy on his soul."

Perhaps the most magnificent, and certainly not the least interesting tomb, in old St. Paul's, was that of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. Under an exquisitely carved gothic canopy lay his effigy, side by side with that of his first wife, Blanche, the rich heiress of the Plantagenets, Dukes of Gloucester, who died in 1368; over his monument hung his ducal cap of state, as well as his shield and spear, which had so often served him in the tournament and on the battle-field. He was alike the son, the uncle, and the father of kings; yet it has been justly observed of him, that he had a title still nobler -namely, as the supporter of Wickliffe, and as the friend and patron of Chaucer.

The next monument which we shall notice was to the memory of a man of very different fortunes, the learned John Colet, Dean of St. Paul's, the friend of Erasmus and Budæus, and the founder of St. Paul's School. His monument was surmounted by his bust in terra cotta; and underneath was represented a skeleton on a mat, the upper part of which was rolled up in the form of a pillow under its head.

Another sumptuous monument in the old cathedral was that of the crafty, but magnificent favourite, William first Earl of Pembroke, who died in 1570. He was brother-in-law to Henry the Eighth, having married Anne, sister of Queen Katherine

Parr. The effigies of the Earl and his Countess lay beneath a beautiful arched canopy; their daughter Anne, Lady Talbot, kneeling at their head; and their sons, Henry Earl of Pembroke, and Sir Edward Herbert, kneeling at their feet. According to Stow, such was the magnificence of Earl William's funeral, that the mourning presents alone which were given away cost 2000l. pounds.

Another monument, of no slight pretensions, was that of the honest and eloquent lawyer, Sir Nicholas Bacon, father of the great Lord Bacon. Notwithstanding his having been a civilian, his effigy represented him in complete armour. Sir Nicholas was the first Lord Keeper who ranked as Lord Chancellor. He died in 1578, having caught his death by sleeping in a chair at an open window.

Perhaps the most insignificant monument in old St. Paul's-for it was merely a board containing an inscription consisting of eight indifferent lines in verse*-was that of the chivalrous Sir Philip Sydney. After he had received his deathwound on the field of Zutphen, his remains were placed on board a vessel at Flushing, and having been landed at the Tower wharf, lay in state

* England, Netherland, the heavens, and the arts,
The soldiers, and the world have made six parts
Of the noble Sydney; for none will suppose
That a small heap of stones can Sydney enclose.
His body hath England, for she it bred;
Netherland his blood, in her defence shed;

The heavens have his soul; the arts have his fame;
All soldiers the grief, the world his good name.