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been spent at home in painful reflection." Speaking of some years later, Sir John Hawkins again writes:-" About the year 1756, time had produced a change in the situation of many of Johnson's friends who were used to meet him in Ivy Lane. Death had taken from them M'Ghie; Barker went to settle as a practising physician at Trowbridge; Dyer went abroad; Hawkesworth was busied in forming new connections;* and I had lately made one that removed me from all temptations to pass my evenings from home. The consequence was, that our symposiums at the King's Head broke up, and he, who had first formed it into a society, was left with fewer around him than were able to support it."-According to Stow, Ivy Lane derives its name from the ivy which anciently grew on the walls of the houses of the Prebendaries of St. Paul's, overlooking the lane.

In Newgate Street, over the entrance into Bull Head Court, may be seen a small sculpture in stone, representing the redoubtable Sir Jeffery Hudson, the favourite dwarf of Queen Henrietta Maria, standing by the side of William Evans, the gigantic porter of Charles the First. The story of Sir Jeffery's having been served up to the

* M'Ghie and Barker were physicians; Samuel Dyer was the eminent scholar to whom the authorship of the "Letters of Junius" has sometimes been absurdly attributed; and Hawkesworth is still better known as the translator of "Telemachus," and one of the principal writers in the " Adventurer.”

King and Queen in a cold pie; the anecdote of the porter,-whom by the bye he held in especial abhorrence,—drawing him forth from his capacious pocket at a Masque at Whitehall;-the story of his bloody duel with Mr. Crofts; and of his imprisonment and death in the Gatehouse at Westminster, we have have already related. * Glancing,

therefore, for a moment at this curious relic of the past, let us turn down Bagnio Court, now called Bath Street, which derives its name from a once fashionable bagnio, the first that was established in London. Strype speaks of it as a "neatly-contrived building, after the Turkish fashion, for the purposes of sweating and hotbathing; and much approved by the physicians of the time." According to Aubrey, it was built by some Turkish merchants, and was first opened in December 1679. The bath, with its marble steps and cupola roof, is still used as a cold

bath.

The Queen's Arms Tavern in Newgate Street, (No. 70,) appears to have been a favourite resort of Tom d'Urfey, the poet. At No. 17, at the sign of the "Salutation and Cat," Coleridge used to seek a retreat in his youthful and moody days; and here it was that Southey found him out, and remonstrated with him on his culpable supineness.

Within a short distance, at the east end of Newgate Street is Pannier Alley, in which is a curious flat stone, representing a naked boy, sitting upon

*See vol. i. First Series, pp. 249 and 250.

a pannier or basket. On the lower part is inscribed the following doggerel couplet:

When ye have sought the city round,

Yet still this is the highest ground.

August the 27, 1688.

Of the ancient churches of London, there is perhaps not one whose destruction is more deeply to be lamented than that of Christ Church Newgate. Its magnificent monuments, erected to the memory of heroes, princes, and prelates, fell sacrifices to the blind zeal of the Reformation; the church itself being subsequently destroyed by the great Fire of 1666.. The present edifice, the work of Sir Christopher Wren, dates no further back than 1687.

Christ Church, on the north side of Newgate Street, stands on the site of a Priory of Grey, or Mendicant Friars, of the Order of St. Francis, founded, about the year 1225, by John Ewen, Mercer, who himself entered the Order as a laybrother. The habits of self-denial practised by the Friars, as well as their charities and blameless lives, soon brought them into great repute; so much so, that, in 1306, at the private expense of some of the most illustrious persons in the realm, the old church was taken down, and a far more magnificent edifice was erected on its site. Margaret, the second wife of Edward the First, began the choir; Isabella, Queen of Edward the Second, gave a considerable sum of money towards the completion of the building; and Philippa, the beautiful wife of Edward the Third, followed her pious ex

ample. The body of the church was built at the expense of John de Bretagne, Duke of Richmond, who, moreover, furnished the hangings, the vestments for the priests, and a rich chalice for the altar; and, lastly, Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, supplied the beams from his forest at Tunbridge. "And so," says Stow, "the work was done within the space of twenty-one years, 1337."

Of the vast size of the original edifice we are enabled to form a tolerable conception, from the fact of the present spacious church covering less than half the ground occupied by its predecessor. The church of the Grey Friars, indeed, with its stained glass, its decorated chancel, and stately tombs, was unquestionably one of the most magnificent in the metropolis. Certainly, there was not one which contained the remains of a greater number of illustrious or memorable persons. According to Weever, in his "Funeral Monuments,"-" This Abbey-church hath been honoured with the sepulture of four Queens, four Duchesses, four Countesses, one Duke, two Earls, eight Barons, and some thirty-five Knights; in all, from the first foundation unto the Dissolution, six hundred and sixty-three persons of quality were here interred." Here, with the heart of her murdered husband resting on her breast, was interred Isabella of France, Queen of Edward the Second.

Weave the warp, and weave the woof,
The winding-sheet of Edward's race.
Give ample room, and verge enough,

The characters of hell to trace.

Mark the year, and mark the night,

When Severn shall re-echo with affright

The shrieks of death, through Berkeley's roof that ring,
Shrieks of an agonizing King!

She-wolf of France, with unrelenting fangs,

That tear'st the bowels of thy mangled mate, &c.

Under the same roof with those of the ruthless Queen, were interred the remains of her haughty paramour, Roger Lord Mortimer. The King was put to death in Berkeley Castle, in 1327, and, three years afterwards, Mortimer, as is well known, was seized in Nottingham Castle, where he was residing with his royal mistress. The young King, Edward the Third, had determined on the destruction of the obnoxious favourite; but as the castle was strictly guarded, the gates carefully locked every evening, and the keys carried to the Queen, he had no option but to seek the concurrence of the governor of the castle, Sir William Eland. With his consent and aid, a small band of armed men were admitted by means of a subterranean passage, who, having succeeded in reaching the royal apartments without being discovered, suddenly seized Mortimer in a room adjoining that of the Queen. In vain did Isabella cry,-" Bel filz, bel filz, ayez pitié du gentile Mortimer!" He was carried to London, and, after a hurried trial, was hanged on the common gallows at the Elms in Smithfield. It was not till his body had remained suspended from the gibbet for two days and two nights, in a state of nudity, that it was

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