of evening schools, especially high schools; (f) to permit use of buildings for special health meetings and conferences. (7) Charitable and Relief Societies, Settlements, Foundations and organizations of a similar nature.-If they have a medical and nursing staff, the co-operative measures requested of hospitals and dispensaries apply to them. In addition, they should (a) distribute literature through their field force; (b) direct relief to conditions which foster these diseases; (c) refer to a central agency with complete information, cases in which are conditions beyond their power. (8) Civic organizations, such as Boards of Trade, Civic Clubs, Young Men's Christian Associations, Churches, Women's Clubs and Educational Alliances.By personal visits, or at special conferences, explain the object, the need and the plan with demonstrations of ways in which they can aid. Request the use of church auditoriums and lecture halls for meetings and exhibits; arrange for health talks on these subjects, or have them included in courses of study that may be in progress in institutions such as Young Men's Christian Associations and Educational Alliances; acquaint boards of trade and civic clubs with local conditions of interest directly or indirectly relating to these chronic degenerations. (9) Public Museums and Institutes.-To arrange for lectures and exhibits in harmony with their programs. (10) Newspapers and Magazines.-They should be induced to bring pertinent health items before the people in their columns, and through capable representatives assigned to publicity committees in the general association of all agencies, to give expert advice and aid in suggesting and advancing publicity measures. (11) Moving Picture Theatres.-They can aid by providing for the display of announcements and brief phrases of advice on health subjects, to be exhibited between numbers on their daily programs. Through the film-producing companies, arrangements can be made for the production and exhibition of photo plays, in popular form, the subject matter of which should teach health lessons. (12) Public and Medical Libraries.-To distribute to the public, health literature and provide special bulletins and lists of books treating these subjects, edited in form for popular reading. (13) Other City Departments.-Lectures by health department physicians to employees in the other branches of public service. By surgeons in the Police Department, and the examining physicians in the Department of Street Cleaning, routine examination of their respective forces. The Health Department physician could assist in these departments, if necessary, and be detailed to make examinations in departments not provided with physicians. (14) Department Stores, Factories and large business corporations.—Their directing officers should be shown the relation between modern business life and the chronic degenerative diseases. In addition, (a) urge the adoption by them of hygienic environment and of reasonable regulations to prevent physical and mental fatigue and undue nervous excitement; (b) prove the wisdom of installing rest rooms, lunch rooms and roof gardens, if they do not interfere with their business procedures; (c) show the economic advantage of welfare and follow-up work to insure complete convalescence of employees after illness, and (d) arrange for health talks to employees. To marshal these agencies into one comprehensive working unit is necessary to effect early results from energy economically expended. The Health Department should first invite the agencies most directly interested and available for active work, such as medical societies, hospitals and clinics, and life insurance companies to form an association for co-ordinate effort along these lines. After organizing and plans have been formulated, other agencies should be induced to join as the need for their co-operation is made evident. Thus a powerful association is gradually built up. Representatives from these agencies should constitute the executive committee of this association. Subcommittees should be composed of members specially qualified along certain lines, as, for example, newspaper men for publicity, charity organization executives for relief, and hospital administrators for clinic procedures. The principal work of the association would be to act as a clearing house to which the various agencies could refer matters for adjustment and for co-ordinate action. But to refer thousands of matters to one central office from all parts of the City requires a large force and an unwieldy organization, delays service and involves consideration of matters of purely local concern. The most efficient plan proposes a central headquarters for directing general affairs, with the division of the City into districts, in each of which a central office should be maintained to direct the work of the district. The central headquarters would devise the general City plan of campaign, determine the general policies to govern the division of work amongst the agencies, act as the medium through which records and service could be transferred from one district to another, and adjust differences arising between two or more districts. The district office would direct the work of its district. It would organize its citizens, private physicians, school pupils and parents, boards of trade and civic clubs into committees for local guidance and service, as circumstances warranted. It would co-ordinate the efforts of hospitals, relief agencies and educational institutions active in their locality. It would plan and conduct local campaigns. It would care for the detailed distribution of the field service, in accordance with the general plan of the Association. Local direction on the district plan would give the following results: (1) conserve energy; (2) prevent overlapping and duplication of service and effort; (3) secure prompt results for local needs; (4) crystallize attention on the work in the district, and (5) develop a marked community interest. Very briefly, in conclusion, a few suggestions with respect to appropriate means and material to effectively reach the people. Literature appropriate to various classes and type of people must be used. Technical medical terms may be employed when addressing such as physicians, hospitals and social workers. For the laity, simple language and short phrases must be used to command attention. Printing must be in clear type and appropriate languages. Pamphlets should be prepared on subjects such as foodstuffs and their nutritive values, dangers of overeating, after-effects of alcohol, syphilitic and other diseases, importance of a properly working digestive apparatus, the evils of abnormal nervous excitement and how to avoid them, value of exercise and regular habits. Lectures must be simple and direct. The lecturer must be capable of giving such type of lectures, and in his selection for a given talk the class of people, race and local conditions must be considered to secure maximum results. Exhibits must not be elaborate and the subjects must be presented in elementary style. Pertinent pictures are always forceful and word charts must not be too detailed. Graphic charts in which straight black lines are used for comparison purposes are interpreted most readily. Models are excellent, but must be as simple as possible. VITAL STATISTICS FOR THE MONTH OF JANUARY, 1915. The number of deaths reported during the month were 6,872 and a rate of 13.94 per 1,000 of the population against 6,978 deaths and a rate of 14.73 for the corresponding month of last year, a decrease of 106 in the absolute number of deaths and .79 of a point in the rate, equivalent to a relative decrease of 382 deaths. If a comparison be made with the average for the preceding five years, corrected to correspond with increase in population, it will be found that very few causes of death show an increased mortality. Among this latter were cancer with an increase of 11 deaths, suicide with an increase of 6 deaths and organic heart disease with an increase of 7 deaths; typhoid fever, measles, scarlet fever, whooping cough, diphtheria and croup, tuberculosis of the lungs, diarrhoeal diseases, all show marked decreases. Influenza showed a decreased mortality of 38 deaths. In line with this decrease in the mortality from influenza, we find that the causes of death often associated with "la grippe" also showed a considerably decreased mortality. This was especially true of lobar pneumonia, a decrease of 81 deaths being reported from this cause. A decrease in the mortality from measles was considerable and was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the deaths of infants from broncho-pneumonia. A slightly increased mortality from chronic organic heart disease was more than offset by the decreased mortality from some of the other degenerative diseases such as chronic Bright's disease, cirrhosis of the liver and apoplexy. Notwithstanding the large increase in the number of births reported during the preceding year the deaths from congenital debility and malformations showed a decrease of 43; accidental deaths showed a decrease of 41. Viewed from the point of age grouping, there were fewer deaths of infants under one year of age; between one and five years of age, a decrease of 151 deaths; between five and sixty-five years there were 456 less deaths, and at sixtyfive years of age and over there were six less deaths. There were 12,360 births reported during the month of January, 1915, as compared with 11,801 in the corresponding month of 1914, an increase of 559. The number of marriages reported during the month was 4,477 against 4,850 in the corresponding month of 1914, a decrease of 373, it being very evident that the hard times are responsible for the cause of this decrease in the marriages. There were 121 deaths of non-residents of the city which, if deducted from the total mortality, would give a death rate of 13.69 for the month. In other words the deaths of non-residents in this city increased the death rate by 4 of a point. Manhattan 2,575,788 Brooklyn. Queens.. 2,590,455 2,655 6.000 3,329 12.08 27.29 15.14 601,266 705,742 376 1,408 713 1,932,690 1,990,614 1,242 3,995 2,212 376,138 417,107 150 752 461 4.24 21.24 13.02 12.99 99,890 102,614 54 205 157 6.20 23.54 18.03 14.58 14.80 6.28 23.51 11.90 11.54 7.35 23.65 13.09 13.86 Richmond.. City of N, Y. 5,585,772 5,806,532 4,477 12,360 6,872 9.08 25.08 13.94 Manhattan Richmond Boroughs City of New York.. *The death-rate of each Borough is corrected by inclusion of the deaths of its residents in other Boroughs, and exclusion of deaths of residents of other Boroughs within its boundaries. †The estimate of the Bureau of the Census is based upon the arithmetical method, that of the Department of Health upon the geometrical method of determining the increase in population for post-censal years. **Includes 124 deaths of non-residents of the City, which, if deducted, would give a death rate for the City of 13.69 per 1,000. DEATHS ACCORDING TO AGE GROUPS, JANUARY, 1915. 1 All Un- Year Un 65 Boroughs Ages der and der 5-15 15-25 25-45 45-65 Years Col Chi 1 under 5 Years Years Years Years and ored Year 2 Years Manhattan 3,253 570 50 Monthly Bulletin of the Department of Health. 47 JUN 7 1912 LIBRARY REGISTERED MORTALITY FROM PRINCIPAL CAUSES. JANUARY, 1915. Total, all causes.. 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