Adalbert, archbishop of Bremen,
succeeds to the regency of Henry
IV., i. 386.

Adalbert, bishop of Prague, i. 345,
349.

Adalgis, son of Desiderius, i. 225,
232.

Adelheid, queen of Otto I., i. 330,
348.

Adolf IV. of Holstein, wars of,
with the Danes, i. 522.

Adolf VII., Count von Berg, ii. 81,
82.

Adolf of Nassau, ii. 84; elected
emperor, by craft, 86; his cha-
racter, ib.; dethroned by Albert
von Habsburg, 88.

Ægidius elected king of the Salii,
i. 171.

Æmilius defeats the Gæsatæ, i. 65
Eneas Sylvius Piccolomini, ii. 184,
185.

Ætius, commands the Roman ar-
mies against Theodorich, i. 133;
against Attila, 139; his death,
142.

Agilulf, husband of Theodolinda,
i. 193.

Agnes, Countess von Mansfeld, ii
310, 311.

Agnes, empress of Henry III., i.

379.

Agnes of Burgundy, empress of
Rudolf von Habsburg, ii. 80, 89.
Agrippa, Cornelius, von Nettesheim,
ii. 439.

Aistulf, king of Lombardy, i. 224-5.
2 G 2

131.

Alaric, chief of the Goths, serves
in the imperial armies, i. 127;
elected king, 128; his invasion
of Greece, ib.; of Italy, 129;
takes Rome by storm, 130; death
and burial, 131.

Alaric, son of Eurich, i. 173.
Alatheus, a chief of the Ostrogoths,
i. 124, 128.

Alba, Duke of, ii. 273; his cruelties
in the Netherlands, 291-295.
Albert the Great, bishop of Ratis-
bon, ii. 33.

Albert the First, ii. 81; deceived
by Gerhard of Mayence, 86; de-
thrones Adolf of Nassau, 88;
leagues with Philip the Hand-
some, 89; seeks to acquire abso-
lute sovereignty, 91; rejected by
the Bohemians, 93; slain by his
nephew, ib.

Albert the Degenerate, of Misnia
and Thuringia, ii. 82, 83, 86.
Albert the Second, ii. 180; elected

emperor, 182.

Albert, Duke of Prussia, ii. 283,
284.

Albert, Prince of Saxe Coburg,
iii. 420.

Albigenses, extermination of, i.
508.

Alboin, chief of the Longobardi i
189, 190; invades Italy, 190; S
slain, 191.

Alboin, duke of Eastphalia, his
brave resistance to Charlemagne,
i. 235-237.

burg, i. 512.

Albrecht the Proud, i. 494.
Albrecht von Apeldern, bishop of
Yxküll, i. 534.

Alcuin, the Anglo-Saxon, i. 254.
Alemanni, the, i. 106; their war-
riors, 108.

Alexander, duke of Parma, ii. 291;
his successful campaigns in the
Netherlands, 300-302.
Alexander III., pope, i. 468, 475.
Alexander VI., pope, ii. 218.
Alexander I., emperor of Russia,
iii. 232; conference of Tilsit, 251;
of Erfurt, 256; breach with Na-
poleon, 306; the Russian cam-
paign, ib.; battle of Borodino,
314; burning of Moscow, ib.; re-
treat of the grand army, 315-
319; war of liberation, 319; ar-
mistice of Pleisswitz, 326; battle
of Leipzig, 331; advance of the
allied armies into France, 344;
capitulation of Paris, 350; con-
gress of Vienna, 352; return of
Napoleon,356; Holy Alliance,368
Alexius, emperor of Constantinople,
i. 414, 415, 417.

Allod, the, or freehold property of
the ancient Germans, i. 29.
Anabaptists, the, ii. 232, 233; their
extravagance at Munster, 256.
Anacharsis Cloots, iii. 160, 169.
Andreas Baumkirchner, ii. 195.
Andreas Doria, doge of Venice, ii.
247.

Angereau, Marshal, iii. 302.
Anglo-Saxons, their settlement in
Britain, i. 211.

Anna, Duchess of Courland, iii. 107,
108.

Anno, archbishop of Cologne, i. 383;
seizes upon the regency of the
empire, at the death of Henry
III., 385; his quarrel with the
city of Cologne, ib.; death, and
character, 386.

Antharis, king of the Longobardi, i.
192.

Antwerp, siege of, iii. 394.

128.

Argobastes, chief of the Franks, i.
116, 127.

Arians, tenets of th, i. 148.
Ariovistus, defeated by Cæsar, i. 76.
Armagnacs, the, invasion of, ii. 186,
188.

Armin, his defeat of the Romans

under Varus, i. 85; under Ger-
manicus, 89; death, 93.
Arminius, proscription of his ad-
herents, ii. 306.

Arnheim, general of the Swedes,
ii. 363.

Arnold of Brescia, i. 449; his death,
459.

Arnold von Winkelreid, ii. 146.
Arnulf, archbishop of Rheims, i.
349.

Arnulf, emperor of Germany, i. 299;
defeats the Normans, ib.; invades
Italy, 302; takes Rome by storm,
303; poisoned, ib.

Arnulf the Bad, i. 308–312, 314.
Artevelde, Jacob von, ii. 127.
Ataulph, son-in-law of Alaric, i. 130,

132; marries Placidia, 132.
Athanagild, king of the Visigoths,
i. 205.

Athanarich, prince of the Visigoths,
i. 123, 126, 127.
Attila, see Etzel.

Auerbeck, school of Painting of, iii.
440.

Augsburg, diet of, under Maximi-
lian, ii. 226; under Charles V.,
251; Confession of Augsburg,
252; Interim, 266.
Augustus, elector of Saxony, ii.
274, 284.

Augustus III., elector of Saxony,
iii. 19, 111.

Aurelian, his wars with the Goths,
i. 120.

Aurelius Marcus, war of, with the
Marcomanni, i. 105.

Aurora, Countess von Königsmark,
iii. 18, 19.

Austerlitz, battle of, iii. 232.

Austria, composition of its empire,

iii. 416, 417; causes of its peace-
ful policy, 417; its army and go-
vernment, 417, 418; nobility and
clergy, 418; foreign policy, 419.
Avari, subdued by Charlemagne, i.
243-246.

BAJAZET, his invasion of Hungary,

ii. 145.

Balamir, prince of the Huns, i. 124.
Baldwin, Count of Flanders, i. 291.
Balthasar, Gerard, assassin of Wil-
liam of Orange, ii. 302.
Banner, General, ii. 353, 355; ra-
vages Saxony, 374; his masterly
retreat, 382.

Barbatius, defeated by the Ale-
manni, i. 110.

Barclay de Tolly, iii. 312.

Barneveldt, Olden, ii. 306; unjustly
sentenced to death, 307.
Basina, mother of Chlodwig the
Great, i. 171.

Basle, council of, ii. 176-179, 184.
Beatrice, daughter of Philip the
Gentle, i. 502, 503.
Beatrix, empress of Frederick Bar-
barossa, i. 461, 467, 474, 487.
Beguines of Liege, origin of, i. 508.
Bela, king of Hungary, i. 550.
Belgium, its separation from Hol-
land, iii. 390.

Belisarius, i. 181-183, 185, 190.
Benedict, founder of the Western
Monks, i. 153.

Benedict XIII., ii. 155, 159, 163.
Berengar II., i. 330, 336.

Bernadotte, General, iii. 217, 230;
elected king of Sweden, 305;
breach with Napoleon, 307, 308.
Bernard, Markgraf of Barcelona, i.
282-286.

Bernard von Weimar, see Weimar.
Bernhard, grandson of Charlemagne,
i. 280, 281.

Bernhard, St., preaches a crusade,
i. 451.

Berserkerwuth, a malady of the
ancient Germans, i. 19, 45.
Bertarit, king of Lombardy, i. 203,
204.

Bertha, daughter of Charlemagne,

i. 259.

Bertha, empress of Henry IV., i.
388, 392.

Berwick, Marshal, iii. 2, 10.
Bethlen Gabor, prince of Transyl-
vania, ii. 317; elected king of
Hungary, 321.

Bisinus, king of Thuringia, i. 171.
Black death, its appearance and
ravages, ii. 128.

Blake, Admiral, ii. 474.
Blücher, iii. 244, 245; assumes the
command of the Prussian forces,
in the war of liberation, 323, 331;
victory over Macdonald, 336;
battle of Leipzig, 331; entry into
France, 346, 348; reception in
England, 352; battles of Ligny
and Waterloo, 359; surrender of
Paris, 363.

Bohme, Jacob, ii. 409; his doc-
trines, 439.

Boetius, his imprisonment and
death, i. 169.

Bohemia, rise of the Reformation
in, ii. 159; Hussite war, 165-

181; extinction of the Reforma-
tion by Ferdinand II., 325, 326.
Bohemund, joins the crusades, i.

415; made prince of Antioch, 417.
Boii, their invasion of Italy, i. 63;
of Greece and Asia Minor, 64.
Bojorix, a chief of the Cimbri, i.
70, 74.

Boleslaw Chrobry of Poland, i. 353.
Bonaparte, Napoleon, iii. 193; takes
the command of the French forces
in Italy, 193, 194; his successful
campaign, 194, 195; defeats the
Archduke Charles, 196; armis-
tice of Campo Formio, 197; con-
ciliates Austria, 199; sails to
Egypt, 202; his return and dis-
solution of the Directory, 222;
victory of Marengo, ib. ; elected
emperor, 229; capitulation of
Ulm, 231; battle of Austerlitz,
232; Rhenish alliance, 235; bat-
tle of Jena, 242; enters Berlin,
245; battle of Eylau, 251; con-

Charles the Good, of Flanders, i.
439, 440.

Charles of Anjou, ii. 3; invades
Italy, 4; defeats and puts to
death Conradin, 11; seeks to
exterminate the Ghibellines, 12;
loses Sicily, 13.

Charles IV., ii. 126; his policy on
succeeding to the empire, 131;
diplomatic skill, 132; visits Italy,
133; conciliates Pope Urban V.,
134; personal appearance and
manners, 135; government, 136;
internal feuds of the empire,
137-140.

Charles the Bold, duke of Bur-
gundy, ii. 197; invades Switzer-
land, 198; his defeat and death,
199.

Charles V., ii. 227; extent of his
empire, 229; cites Luther to
appear at Worms, 230; his vic-|
tories over Francis I. in Italy,
206; storm of Rome, 247; fails
in his endeavours to suppress the
Reformation, 251-254; diet of
Augsburg, 251; league of the
Protestant princes, 252; the
Schmalkald war, 261-268; coun-
cil of Trident, 263, 264; abdi-
cation and death, 271; his policy
in the Netherlands, 287.
Charles de Bourbon, general of
Charles V., ii. 245; killed at the
storm of Rome, 247.
Charles Gustavus, king of Sweden,
ii. 466.

Charles XII., king of Sweden, ii.
508; his campaigns in Russia
and Germany, 509-512; re-
treats into Turkey, 513; his rc-
turn to Sweden, and assassina-
tion, 516.

Charles VI., iii. 1; contests the
crown of Spain, 2, 3; succeeds
to the imperial throne, 3; treaty
of Utrecht, 6; his campaigns in
Turkey, 13, 14; condition of the
empire at his death, 14-17.
Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria,

iii. 21; claims the imperial throne,
48.

Charles William, Margrave of Ba-
den Durlach, iii. 22.

Charles Eugene, duke of Wur-
temberg, iii. 112, 113.

Charles Theodore, king of Bavaria,
iii. 112.

Charles, Archduke of Austria, iii.
159, 177, 180, 189; routs the
French under Jourdan, 191; de-
feated by Bonaparte, 196; suc-
cessful campaign in Swabia, 218;
gains the battle of Esslingen,
271; defeat of Wagram, 272.
Charles IV., king of Spain, iii. 255.
Charles, duke of Brunswick, iii.
382, 383, 401.

Charles X., deposition of, iii. 389.
Childebert of Austrasia, i. 196—
198.

Childerick, king of the Salii, i. 171.
Chilperich, king of Soissons, i. 196.
Chiltruda, daughter of Charles Mar-
tell, i. 223.

Chivalry in the middle ages, ii.
52-60; its regulations, 52-54;
influence on the national cha-
racter of Germany, 53-56; tour-
naments, 53, 54; the courts of
love, 56; Minnelieder, or love
songs, ib.; romance literature, 58.
Chlodomir, king of Orleans, i. 177,
180.

Chlodwig the Great, birth of, i.
171; marriage with Chlotilda,
172; baptism, 173; the founder
of the kingdom of France, 174.
Chlotar, king of Orleans, i. 177,
179, 194, 195.

Chlotar II., son of Fredegunda, i.
197, 200.

Chlotilda, queen of Chlodwig the
Great, i. 172, 180.
Chnodomar, chief of the Alemanni,
i. 109.

Cholera, its ravages in Germany
and Russia, iii. 405, 406.
Christian of Mayence, general of
Barbarossa, i. 468, 472.