The Catholic Church Today: Western Europe

active aggiornamento anticlericalism apostolate Archbishop areas Austrian authority bishops canton Cardinal Catholic Action Catholic Church Catholic schools Catholicism cent century Christian Christian Democracy civil clergy concerned Conciliar Concordat Concordat of 1953 Constitution crisis cultural dialogue diocesan dioceses Dutch Catholics ecclesiastical ecumenical English Catholics episcopate especially established faith Father Flemish French Fribourg German Catholicism groups hierarchy Holy influence institutions intellectual Ireland Irish Italian Catholics Italy Jesuits Karl Rahner Kirche laicism laity liturgical Louvain majority marriage Mass ment mission missionary modern movement organizations parishes Party Pastoral Council political pope population Portugal Portuguese practice present priests problems Protestant provinces question reform regime regions religion religious orders renewal role Rome Salzburg Second Vatican Council secular seminaries situation social Socialist society Spain Spanish spiritual Swiss Switzerland teachers teaching theologians theology tion traditional Union Vatican II Vienna vote Walloon workers