Physicians as Employees

activities addition administrative agree antikickback statute apply breach of contract Cedars-Sinai Medical Center charitable purposes cian Civil Rights Act clinical privileges compensation arrangements corporation coverage decisions determine due process duties emergency department employment contract employment relationship entities fair market value federal fees HCQIA health care facilities Hosp hospital hospital-based physicians hospital-physician hospital's medical staff ical impaired income tax independent contractor integration clause Internal Revenue Code involved issues joint venture license malpractice insurance Medicaid medical staff bylaws medical staff membership medical staff privileges Medicare membership and clinical ment NLRA parties patients payments perform physi physician employee private benefit private practice prohibition public policy reasonable accommodation recruiting incentives referrals reimbursement requirements restrictive covenant safe harbor specified Stark law tax-exempt term terminable without cause terminating a physician termination of employment tion Title VII violation