flies are in evidence, the following measure should be instituted: A mixture of water and milk, equal parts, with 1 ounce of formalin and one heaping teaspoonful of brown sugar to the pint should be placed and kept in shallow saucers, seven or eight of them around the kitchen, dining room, and about every place where flies tend to gather. Where it is impossible to screen, and where, notwithstanding screening, mosquitoes are prevalent and several cases of malaria have occurred, the convicts suffering from malaria should be thoroughly treated with quinine as prescribed in Bulletin No. 42 of the State board of health, and all other convicts should be given 2-grain capsules of quinine before each meal as long as mosquitoes are found about the camp or other places occupied by convicts. Every precaution should be taken to eliminate flybreeding places, and if these are absent, 2 is counted on the total score. The screening of the camp also counts 2. If malaria is in the camp, 2 is deducted from the total score. If the antifly measures have been put in practice, 1 is added to the total score.

12. Smallpox. The prisoners should be vaccinated at the time of their conviction and every seven years thereafter. If smallpox breaks out in a camp, it is best then to vaccinate all of the prisoners, unless they have been recently vaccinated. If all the prisoners have not been vaccinated, 5 will be deducted.

13. Typhoid fever.-All prisoners should be vaccinated against typhoid fever. Vaccination of the prisoners in a camp counts 5 for the camp; and if all the prisoners are not vaccinated, this fact counts 5 against the camp.

14. Syphilis.-Camp supervisors should ask their camp physician to point out to them the characteristics of syphilis, and whenever a syphilitic is found in the camp, he should be sent either to the county jail, to the prison, or the State farm, where he can be treated with 606. Syphilis should not be found in convict camps, and when found it will greatly score against the management of the camp, and reflect upon the interest and ability of the camp physician. Five will be deducted from the total score if this disease is found in any camp or in any jail where other persons are exposed to the infection.

15. Tuberculosis.-This disease is very prevalent among prisoners and is of such far-reaching importance to its victims and their associates that the supervisors of convict camps should be familiar with the initial and suggestive symptoms of this disease, and when a prisoner is found with such symptoms the supervisor should promptly call upon the camp physician for a thorough examination, and if, on such examination, there is reasonable ground for suspecting the disease, such prisoner should be carefully watched and sent to the county jail or to the State penitentiary for proper treatment before it is too late. The State board of health shall officially request the physician of the State penitentiary to carefully record and promptly report the condition of prisoners with tuberculosis sent in from camps in accordance with this rule. A camp sending in cases of tuberculosis far advanced in the stages of the disease will be severely scored against in its sanitary rating. There is no reason, because a man has been convicted of crime and is kept under restraint by authority of the State, that he should be subjected to the danger of contagion of tuberculosis. All prisoners that have contracted tuberculosis should be kept entirely separated from the others and in camps in different sections of the State. The presence of tuberculosis in any camp will cause 5 to be deducted from the total score.

16. Religious services.—While it is not the intention to make it obligatory for prisoners to attend religious services that may be held in the camps or jails, yet it is not believed that it is right to deprive them of all opportunity for attending such services; therefore, the authorities in charge of a camp, the supervisor of the camp, should request some minister near the camp to make arrangements for religious services to be held by the ministers of the different churches that are willing to help in this work at the camps at stated intervals. The men should be given the privilege and opportunity of attending the services, and it is believed that the greater portion of the prisoners will attend and take part in such services. If a camp does not have religious services as often as once every two weeks, 2 will be deducted from the total score.

NORTH DAKOTA.

Pupils-Medical Inspection. (Ch. 210, Act Mar. 9, 1917.)

SECTION 1. Amendment.—That section 1346 of the compiled laws of 1913 as amended by section 1 of chapter 133 1 of the session laws of 1915, be amended and reenacted to read as follows:

SEC. 1346. Medical inspection of pupils in public schools.-Upon being petitioned in writing by two thirds of the school directors of the county the board of county commissioners shall employ one or more graduate nurses, or licensed physicians, duly registered and licensed to practice nursing or medicine under the laws of this State, to visit the schools in the county and to inspect and examine the pupils attending said schools: Provided, however, That pupils over 12 years of age shall be inspected and examined by a nurse or licensed physician of the same sex as such pupil only. The nurse, or physician, so appointed shall examine at least once annually all children enrolled in the public schools of the county, except those who present a certificate of health from a licensed physician, and such nurse or physician shall make out suitable records for each child, a copy of which shall be filed with the county superintendent of schools. Notice of physical defects or abnormalities of diseased or abnormal children shall be sent to the parents, with recommendations for the guidance of such parents in conserving the health of such child. The medical inspector thus appointed shall cooperate with State, county and township boards of health in dealing with conlagious or infectious diseases and in securing a medical treatment for abnormal or diseased, indigent children.

The school board or board of education of any school corporation in the State may, and when petitioned by a majority of the persons having children attending the schools of the district, shall employ one or more nurses or physicians as medical inspectors of schools. The medical inspector thus appointed shall inspect and examine at least once annually all children enrolled in the public schools of the district, for which such inspector was appointed, except those who present a certificate of health from a licensed physician, and such inspector shall make out suitable records of each child examined, one copy of which shall be filed with the county superintendent of schools; but in districts within incorporated cities, one copy of such report shall be filed with the city superintendent of schools and one with the county superintendent of schools. Notice of physical defects or abnormalities of diseased or abnormal children shall be given to the parents as prescribed in the preceding paragraphs of this section, and such inspector shall cooperate with State, county and township boards of health in the manner provided in the preceding paragraph of this section herein. It shall be the duty of the county superintendent of schools and city superintendents of schools to cooperate with school boards in promoting medical inspection. The county superintendent or the city superintendent may arrange schools by groups for the purpose of inspection. The county superintendent of schools shall advise school boards and county commissioners with a view of securing the most efficient and economical administration of the law. Where medical inspection is provided by the board of education in incorporated cities, the board of education or the school board therein shall furnish all blanks and other needed supplies. When inspection is provided by the county commissioners for all rural and consolidated schools in the county, the county shall furnish the blanks and all necessary supplies. When medical inspection is provided by each school district separately, such district shall furnish the necessary blanks and supplies.

1 Pub. Health Repts. Reprint 338, p 408

Meat Handlers in Butcher
Required.

Shops and Meat Markets-Certificate of Health (Ch. 68, Act Mar. 10, 1917.)

SECTION 1. Every person who handles meats in a butcher shop or meat market where meats are sold to the public, shall file with the executive officer of the board of health a certificate from a physician licensed to practice medicine in this State, to the effect that he has examined such person and found him to be free from any infection, contagious or loathsome disease. Every such person must be examined at least once in each year.

Habit-Forming Drugs-Sale and Dispensing. (Ch. 117, Act Mar. 8, 1917.) SECTION 1. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, either personally or by servant or agent, or as the servant or agent of any other person, or of any firm or corporation, to sell, furnish, or give away any opium or coca leaves or any compound, manufacture, salt, derivative or preparation thereof, and especially to sell, furnish or give away any cocaine, salts of cocaine, or preparation containing cocaine or salts of cocaine, or morphine, or preparation containing morphine or salts or [of] morphine, or any codeine, or salts or derivative thereof, or any preparation containing codeine, or any chloral hydrate, or preparation containing chloral hydrate, or any heroin, or any of its salts or derivatives, or any preparation containing heroin, or any other habit forming drug, whatever its nature or character, or any preparation containing anyhabit-forming drug, whatever its nature or character, or any substance or residue left after the smoking of opium, whether obtained from an opium pipe or other article used for smoking opium; except upon the original written order or prescription of a recognized and reputable practitioner of medicine, or of veterinary medicine, duly licensed to practice in the State of North Dakota, which order or prescription shall be dated and shall contain the name of the person for whom prescribed, or if ordered by a practitioner of veterinary medicine shall state the kind of animal for which ordered, and shall be signed by the person giving the order or prescription.

Such order or prescription shall be, for a period of two years, retained on file by the person, firm or corporation who compounds or dispenses the article ordered or prescribed, and it shall not be compounded or dispensed after the first time except upon the written order of the original prescriber. The record so kept may be examined by the State's attorney of the county, or his assistant, at any time, and it shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation compounding or dispensing articles prescribed as aforesaid to fail to keep such orders and prescriptions on file, and to fail, refuse or neglect to exhibit the same to the State's attorney or his assistant when requested: Provided, however, That any physician or veterinary surgeon, licensed to practice, in the State of North Dakota may dispense or distribute any of the aforesaid drugs to a patient in the course of his professional practice only, and a dentist may use and administer such drugs in the course of professional treatment of a patient: Provided, further, That such dispensation or distribution must be in good faith, in the course of practice, when the administration of such drugs is necessary and proper, in the proper practice of medicine, veterinary medicine or dentistry, and not for the purpose of evading the spirit or provisions of this act.

Any physician, dentist or veterinary surgeon, so distributing or dispensing any of the drugs herein mentioned, shall keep a record of all such drugs dispensed or distributed, showing the amount dispensed or distributed, the date and the name and address of the patient to whom such drugs are dispensed or distributed, which record shall be kept for a period of two years from the date of dispensing or distributing such drugs, and shall be kept open to the inspection of the State's attorney of the county in which such physician, veterinary surgeon or dentist resides, or his assistant: Provided, further, That the provisions of this act shall not be construed to permit the selling, furnishing, giving away or prescribing for the use of any habitual users of any of the substances hereinbefore first named and referred to any of such substances.

This last proviso shall not be construed to prevent any physician, duly licensed to practice medicine in the State of North Dakota, from furnishing in good faith for the use of any habitual user of narcotic drugs who is under his professional care, such substances as he may deem necessary for their treatment, when such prescriptions are not given or substances furnished for the purpose of evading the provision of this act, and provided a record is kept of the same to be kept open for inspection by the State's attorney or his assistant, as herein before provided for. It shall be unlawful, however, for any physician or veterinary surgeon to write a prescription or order for the furnishing of or to furnish any of the substances hereinbefore named, the selling, furnishing or giving away of which is hereby made unlawful, to any habitual users of any of said substances, unless in the course of good faith treatment of such person or persons for some disease or for the cure of drug habit, in the proper and usual practice of medicine.

The above provisions shall not apply to preparations which do not contain more than two grains of opium, or more than one quarter grain of morphine, or more than one-eighth of a grain of heroin, or more than one grain of codeine, or any salt or derivative of them in one fluid ounce, or, if solid or semisolid preparation, in one avoirdupois ounce, or to liniments, ointments, or other preparations which are prepared for external use only, except liniments, ointments and other preparations which contain cocaine or any of its salts, or alpha or beta eucaine, or any of their salts or any synthetic substitute for them: Provided, however, That such remedies and preparations last named shall be excepted from this act only when they are sold, distributed. given away, dispensed or possessed as medicines and not for the purpose of evading the intentions and provisions of this act.

The provisions of this section shall not apply to sales at wholesale between jobbers, manufacturers, and retail druggists, hospital, scientific or public institutions. The prescriptions and orders hereinbefore referred to may be filled only in retail drug stores and by registered pharmacists. The provisions of this act shall not only [sic] apply to decocanized coca leaves or preparations made therefrom, or to other preparations of coca leaves which do not contain cocaine or any habit-forming drug.

SEC. 2. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, except physicians. practitioners of veterinary medicine, and dentists, all duly licensed to practice their professions within the State of North Dakota, owners of retail drug stores, conducted by registered pharmacists, jobbers of drugs, manufacturers of drugs and medicines. carrying on a regular business within the State of North Dakota, hospitals, scientific and public institutions, and nurses, acting under the supervision of duly licensed and practicing physicians, having the substances hereinafter named by virtue of their employment or occupation and not on their own account, to have in his, her or its possession any opium or coca leaves, or any compound, manufacture, salt, derivative or preparation thereof, and especially any cocaine, salts of cocaine, or preparation containing cocaine or salts of cocaine, or morphine, or preparation containing morphine or salts of morphine, or any codeine or salt or derivative thereof, or any preparation containing codeine, or any chloral hydrate or preparation containing chloral hydrate, or any heroin or any of its salts or derivatives, or any preparation containing heroin, or any substance or residue, left after the smoking of opium, whether obtained from an opium pipe or other articles used for smoking opium, of any other habit-forming drugs, whatever its nature or character, unless the person so having the same in his, her or its possession has obtained the same from a retail drug store within the State of North Dakota upon the written prescription of a duly licensed physician or practitioner of veterinary medicine, licensed to practice and practicing and having his residence within the State of North Dakota, under the conditions provided for in section 1 of this act, the said person having obtained the same in good faith as a remedy and not for the purpose of evading this act, or any of the provisions thereof, or the intention and spirit thereof. The provisions of this section, however, shall not apply to any United States, State, county, municipal or

other public officer who has possession of any of said drugs by reason of his official duties, or to a warehouseman holding possession for another who is entitled under the provisions hereof to have possession of said drugs, or to common carriers engaged in transporting said drugs. The persons excepted from the operation of the provisions of this section shall not be exempted if any of the substances or drugs herein named are kept by them to be disposed of in violation of this act.

SEC. 3. It shall not be necessary to negative any of the exemptions in this act contained in any complaint, information or indictment, or other writ or proceeding laid or brought under this act, but it shall only be necessary that the State allege in such complaint, information, or indictment, or other writ or proceeding, that the defendant did wilfully, unlawfully, and feloniously sell, furnish, prescribe, give away, or have in his possession, as the case may be, one or more of the substances hereinbefore in this act mentioned and referred to. Upon any hearing or trial of any person, firm or corporation for a violation of section 1 of this act, proof of a sale, furnishing, giving away or prescribing by the accused of any of the substances in paragraph 1 mentioned and referred to, or any article or preparation containing any of said substances, shall be prima facie proof of a violation of said section and of this act, and shall be sufficient evidence to support a conviction for a violation of said section and of this act, and the burden shall be upon the accused to prove that such sale, furnishing, giving away or prescribing was within one or more of the exceptions or ememptions provided by said section. Upon any hearing or trial of any person, firm or corporation for a violation of the provisions of section 2 of this act, proof of the finding of any of the substances herein before mentioned and referred to, upon the person of, or in the dwelling house of, or in any room or place occupied by or controlled by the accused, or in any manner in the possession of the accused, shall be prima facie evidence of a violation of said section and of this act, and shall be sufficient evidence to support a conviction for a violation of said section and of this act. In case the accused, in a prosecution for a violation of section 2 of this act, shall claim to have received the said substance from a retail druggist upon a prescription, as hereinbefore provided for, or from a physician or veterinary surgeon, it shall be necessary for him to produce the original prescription, and the testimony of the physician writing the prescription and of the pharmacist filling the prescription, in case he claims to have obtained it from a druggist, or, in case he claims to have procured it from a physician or veterinary surgeon, to produce the testimony of the physician or veterinary surgeon from whom he procured it; provided the testimony of such parties can be procured, either by having them present in person, or by deposition; before the prima facie case made out by the State as aforesaid shall be deemed to have been

overcome.

SEC. 4. If any person shall make an affidavit before any person entitled to administer an oath setting forth that any of the substances, the sale, furnishing, giving away, prescribing or having in possession of which are herein forbidden, are being kept or are present upon certain premises particularly describing such premises, and further stating the name of the person or persons keeping said substances, or having them under their control, if known to the affiant, and if not known, stating that fact, and said affidavit setting forth the foregoing facts shall be filed with any justice of the peace, police magistrate, or other magistrate having jurisdiction together with the affidavit of the State's attorney or his assistant that to the best of his knowledge, information and belief the facts set forth in such affidavit are true and he verily believes that such substance is kept in violation of law, or for the purpose of being sold, given away or furnished in violation of law, said magistrate shall issue a search warrant directed to the proper officer, commanding him to search the premises described in the above affidavit, and to seize all substances, the sale, furnishing, giving away, prescribing or keeping of which are herein prohibited, and take the same into his custody to abide the further order of the court. The officer shall thereupon proceed to execute the search warrant and make return thereon to said magistrate If the return of said