unfair to the men in the trenches in France, if they had drawn their allowance and needed clothing to keep them warm, to have to pay for it out of their own pockets.

Mr. SHERLEY. How about some of the men who under the liberal allowances made heretofore got more than they needed?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. They will now not get any unnecessary clothing. If they do not need clothing, they will not get it.

Mr. SHERLEY. I understand that, but I was wondering whether that would not make some offset as against the additional amount required where there may be a need for clothing.

Gen. MCCAWLEY. No, sir. You see the saving that formerly took place in clothing was something that was paid to the man at the end of his enlistment, and it came out of the paymaster's appropriation. That does not affect this appropriation. We have to buy the clothing itself in kind to be issued to the troops. There was no saving in the clothing appropriation, because I estimated a certain amount.

Mr. SHERLEY. I understand that, but there was a certain amount of clothing issued, and if that clothing allowance was excessive for men who were not engaged in arduous work, which required more wear and tear on their clothing, under your new order you would not have to issue as much clothing as you formerly did.

Gen. MCCAWLEY. But the allowance was not excessive at all. It was right down to the bare minimum, but I am speaking of careful soldiers who would save out of their clothing allowance in four years sometimes quite a little sum of money, $50, $75, or $100 in four years' service.

The CHAIRMAN. How much have these supplies increased?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. Anywhere from 30 to 50 per cent. I can give you an illustration of two or three things. Woolen blankets, for which we paid $3.77, are now costing $5.75, and I am quite satisfied they will be $7 the next time we get bids on them; shoes that we were buying at $3.96 per pair are now $4.50; flannel shirting for which we paid $1.38 a yard, is now $1.60 a yard, and when you are buying 370,000 yards that makes quite a considerable item: winter field flannel, which we use for lining overcoats, which used to cost $1.52 is now costing $1.72, on a purchase of 150,000 yards; khaki suiting that is this stuff that I have on-which was formerly 26 cents, and used to be down to 18 cents three years ago, is now 30 cents and the next price is going to be in the neighborhood of 40 cents, and on a purchase of 300,000 yards amounts to a very considerable item. The figures that I am presenting to you are furbished to us by our manufacturing quartermaster in Philadelphia, a very careful officer, and I am satisfied they are absolutely correct. We will need every cent of that money between now and the 1st of July.

REPAIRS TO BARRACKS- -CANTONMENTS AT PORT ROYAL, S. C., AND

QUANTICO, VA.

The CHAIRMAN. The next item is "For repairs of barracks, Marine Corps, including the same objects specified under this head in the naval appropriation act for the fiscal year 1918. $500,000."

Gen. MCCAWLEY. That was due, sir, to the establishment of two of these cantonments, one at Port Royal, our recruiting depot in

South Carolina, where all of our recruits from the east go and where they have preliminary training, a training course of nine weeks; and the other at Quantico. We started in to build a cantonment at Port Royal for 3,000 men, little wooden buildings, very simple and plain, but it soon became apparent, after we got started, that it had to be increased and now it has been built for 6,000 men. At the other training station at Quantico, down the river here, we started on the basis of 5,000 men. We have had to increase it to 7,000 men. So that has made the difference.

The CHAIRMAN. You will have half of your men in training camps?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. Then we have another recruiting station at Mare Island, where there are about 3,500 men on which we have spent nearly $100,000.

The CHAIRMAN. You only have 30,000 all together?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. Yes; then we have about 4,000 at sea, and I can tell you where they all are.

The CHAIRMAN. About 18,000 out of the 30,000 will be in these camps?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. You see our barracks are only sufficient for the accommodation of 5,000 men, our permanent barracks; that is all we have, and the rest of them have to be somewhere else.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you not put them on ships?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. Yes; we have about 4,000 men on board ships, all that the Navy will take. I brought with me some illustrations of these two cantonments, thinking they might be of interest to you.

Mr. GILLETT. Is the reason you only have barracks for 5,000 because the marines are generally-or a large proportion of them-on duty somewhere?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. No, Mr. Gillett; it is largely due to the fact that we have had such a tremendous increase in the Marine Corps; within a year the Marine Corps has been trebled, from 10,000 men to 30,000

men.

Mr. GILLETT. But you have always had accommodations at your barracks for 5,000 men?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. Yes; but we had about 4,000 of them on board ship. We were a little short of barracks before this great increase in the corps took place; we did not have sufficient quarters for all of our men, but it was not so bad as it is now; now it is out of all proportion. You may be interested in this. This is the cantonment [indicating photograph] at Port Royal; that is a mile and a quarter long and it is right along the beach there.

Mr. GILLETT. Where is Port Royal-just outside of Charleston? Gen. MCCAWLEY. No; it is below Charleston; it is a little station by itself.

Mr. GILLETT. It is not in the Charleston Harbor, then?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. No; it is some distance below Charleston. That cantonment has just been finished.

The CHAIRMAN. How much are these cantonments costing you? Gen. MCCAWLEY. This one is going to cost about $600,000. Here is the one at Quantico, and it is not finished yet. We saved $100,000 on this one at Port Royal by the employment of enlisted men; we could not save anything on the one at Quantico because we had no men there. The one at Port Royal was built while the recruiting

station was going on; we never stopped our activities for a moment. These buildings are 30 feet apart and the streets are 60 feet wide. In addition to all of this at Quantico we have had to put in a sewer system. There is a sewer system [indicating] that we had to carry about a half mile right down here and across a deep ravine and over this plot of ground, and then out into the river about three or four hundred feet. There is the power plant, and we are putting up a refrigerating plant for the care of food. All of those buildings are screened against flies. We have had to put in a complete power system, a refrigerating plant, electric lighting, and everything else; in fact, a good sized town.

The CHAIRMAN. This $500,000 is entirely on account of those two cantonments?

Gen. MCCAWLEY. Entirely, sir; it is due entirely to these two

cantonments.

THURSDAY, JULY 26, 1917.

SUBMARINE BASE, COCO SOLO POINT, PANAMA. STATEMENT OF CAPT. J. S. McKEAN, ASSISTANT FOR MATÉRIEL,

OFFICE OF CHIEF OF OPERATIONS.

(See p. 639.)

The CHAIRMAN. Submarine base (Coco Solo Point): For dredging inner basin and channel to same, concrete docks, containing walls, finger docks, etc., $902,625. I thought we appropriated for this. Capt. MCKEAN. You gave us $750,000.

The CHAIRMAN. What have you done with that?

Capt. MCKEAN. It was put under the governor down there, and here is a statement of the proposed expenditure and the lines along which it is being expended by the resident engineers down there: $237,600 for dredging inner basin; dredging channel, $26,125; concrete docks, $176,500; finger piers, $86,500.

The CHAIRMAN. How many of those?

Capt. MCKEAN. Four. Permanent tracks, $25,000.

The CHAIRMAN. What is that for?

Capt. MCKEAN. Railroad tracks connecting with the railroad leading out to Margarita. Electrical work, $100,000.

The CHAIRMAN. What is that?

Capt. MCKEAN. That item contemplates the use of two 500-kilowatt and two 300-kilowatt rotary converters for generating equipment; that is, for the whole tool and machinery plant and running an air compressor for charging the batteries.

The CHAIRMAN. The current is to be supplied from the canal? Capt. MCKEAN. Yes, sir; and this is just for transforming it. Paymaster's storehouse, $31,800. Air compressor, $10,000; clearing sight, $10,000; water main, $7,500. That makes a total of $711,025, and leaves a balance of $38,975 for the erection of temporary shop buildings and for the purchase of a portion of the shop tools and for contingencies.

The CHAIRMAN. When will this work which you have outlined be completed?

4400-17-21

Capt. MCKEAN. I do not know, sir. It is well under way and the work is being done and this is an outline of the work which they are going to undertake under this appropriation. The letter of the resi dent engineer of May 18, 1917, with revised estimates gives the total necessary for the part appropriated for here, $1,573,000, or the part you gentlemen provided for which is not in italics, $1,240,125, and taking the $750,000 appropriated leaves a balance to provide for what the item of appropriation was intended to cover of $490,125; and then the bill as passed omitted certain items, buildings and quarters, for which the resident engineer's estimates are $412,500, and adding the $412,500 to the $490,125 gives the total of $902,625.

BUILDINGS AND QUARTERS FOR OFFICERS.

The CHAIRMAN. Suppose you first take up the buildings and quarters. What are they?

Capt. MCKEAN. For the division commander's headquarters, $11,000; other officers' quarters, $48,000.

The CHAIRMAN, Now what other officers are there?

Capt. McKEAN. The officers of the submarine and the aviation base.

The CHAIRMAN. How many officers will be there?

Capt. MCKEAN. The ultimate total of submarines is 20, and with three officers to each one would be 60 officers of submarines with the boats, and with the aviation unit there you would have 12 officers in the aviation unit, and that would mean 72 officers there besides the people who are there to look after the administrative work of running the station.

The CHAIRMAN. Is this to provide quarters for all of them?
Capt. MCKEAN. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. They are all bachelor quarters, are they not? Capt. MCKEAN. I do not think the division commander's quarters are. He is a permanent man there, and I suppose they provided him with married officer's quarters, but the others are single officers' quarters. For the men's kitchen, etc., $13,000; for barracks, two buildings, $103,000.

BARRACKS.

The CHAIRMAN. For how many men?

Capt. MCKEAN. There would be at least 600; about 300 in each one of the barracks. Barracks and kitchens, one building, for the aeronautic crowd, $68,500.

The CHAIRMAN. For how many men is that?

Capt. MCKEAN. There would be a minimum of 100. Sick quarters and dispensary, $7,500. Of course that would be only temporary, because when they were ordered to the hospital they would go to the canal hospital. Offices, $12,000. This is for the offices of the whole plant. Furniture and equipment for the offices and the whole business, $50,000.

FURNITURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR STATION,

The CHAIRMAN. What do you include in equipment?

Capt. MCKEAN. I would take that to mean office equipment.

The CHAIRMAN. You would not want $50,000 worth of office equipment?

Capt. MCKEAN. No, sir; that is furniture for the quarters and furniture for the offices and the equipment of the whole business, offices and all. It is all bunched together here by the resident engineer. They did not give any detailed estimates. He estimates for a laundry here at $2,500.

LAUNDRY.

The CHAIRMAN. They would not want a laundry there.

Capt. MCKEAN. I know they have a fine laundry down there, but I do not know whether we would want to send the laundry to it. I think we would save money by doing it there on the ground. Two thousand five hundred dollars for a laundry for that many men and officers is not extravagant. You will have a boiler house and the steam and the whole business, and I think it would cost us more money to send it to the laundry and get it back than it would to have the laundry work done right on the ground. And these fellows will have an immense amount of washing to do, because aeronautics and submarine work necessitates a lot of laundry work.

BOILER HOUSE AND INCINERATOR.

Boiler house, $500; an incinerator, $8,000; municipal work-I take it that includes street paving and sewerage and that sort of business-$65,000; boathouse for the storing of the chasers and speed boats for aeroplane work and the tenders for the submarines, $17,500, to keep them out of the weather down there.

Laundry equipment, $5,000, including the machines and the whole

business.

Boiler equipment, $1,000.

This makes a total of $412,500.

The CHAIRMAN. What is the other money for, Captain?

Capt. MCKEAN. Those two items taken together maks up the total of $902,000. The explanation of the increase of $902,000 instead of $750,000 is largely a question of increased cost of labor and materials, as claimed by the engineers down there.

The CHAIRMAN. The total for electrical work is put at $450,000, and $100,000 has been allotted out of what has already been appropriated. What is that?

TRANSFORMER FOR CRISTOBAL SUBSTATION.

Capt. MCKEAN. One transformer for the Cristobal substation, $15,000; one 44,000-volt oil switch, Cristobal, $2,500; two 11,000-volt oil switches, current, transformers, etc., $3,000; installation of the Cristobal substation equipment, $2,500; primary transmission line, ducts, cable, etc., completely installed, $60,000; two 11,000-volt lightning arresters, $1,500; seven 500 single-face transformers, 2,200 volts, $9,000; one overhead crane, $3,000; four 400-kilowatt motor-generating sets, $80,000; two 75-kilowatt induction motor-generating sets, $7,500; one 40-kilowatt booster motor-generating set, $4,000; one street-lighting transformer and panel, $500; service transformers, $1,500; switchboards, auto transformers, bussing, etc., $75,000; rheostat-that is, charging rheostats-eight of them, $4,000; charging