The CHAIRMAN. They are not included?

Lieut. BRETT. No, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. In this army of 2,033,000 are the enlisted men in the Aviation Corps included or are they additional?

Lieut. BRETT. They are additional.

The CHAIRMAN. I understood you to say that some of this money would be spent before the end of this calendar year?

Gen. SHARPE. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. The total appropriation was $136,000,000?

Gen. SHARPE. Yes, sir. We have left $391,000,000, with some payments for July. That is, on Friday, July 27, there was only $391,000,000 left. That does not include any amount required for July payments that have been authorized and charged against the appropriation.

The CHAIRMAN. You had a million men and officers, and the cost was about $54,000,000 a month. You will not have over a million men during this calendar year?

Capt. DALY. Yes, sir.

Lieut. BRETT. We are supposed to have more than 2,000,000 on September 1.

The CHAIRMAN. Of course, you will not have 2,000,000 men. There is no possible chance of having 2,000,000 men on the 1st of September.

Capt. DALY. We will have at least a million, because the draft will bring 656,000.

The CHAIRMAN. If you had practically a million men from the 1st of July, this money would last you how long?

Capt. DALY. About $60,000,000 a month for a million men and officers.

The CHAIRMAN. It would last you eight months.

Gen. SHARPE. It will not last more than six months. It costs $60,000,000 a month for a million men and officers.

The CHAIRMAN. $54,000,000, according to your own figures. We gave you on the basis of eight months, and on some items we gave you the full amount.

Lieut. BRETT. It is $716,000,000 for the year. If it was $720,000,000 it would be even $60,000,000 a month. For 2,33,0000 men the pay estimate is approximately $90,000,000 a month.

NOTE. The pay needed for one year is $1,156,167,828.28: or $96,347,319.02 monthly.

The $716,000,000 is the amount needed in addition to that already appropriated.

The CHAIRMAN. You say $60,000,000 a month for a million men? Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir.

ADDITIONAL PAY OF ENLISTED MEN.

You had

The CHAIRMAN. The next item is "For additional pay for length of service of enlisted men of the line, $296.480.08. $3,500,000. Why is this additional money required?

Lieut. BRETT. That is made necessary by getting in men who have had service.

The CHAIRMAN. We gave you $3,500,000?

Lieut. BRETT. In the 1918 estimates; yes, sir. That is the regular appropriation-$3,500,000.

The CHAIRMAN. In any of these estimates have you made any allowance of any character for the lapses that occur as a result of casualties?

Lieut. BRETT. I do not know that there have been any allowances made. No; we have not made any deductions out of pay proper; we have made no deductions.

The CHAIRMAN. This is on the theory that a man goes right through?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir. We are supposed to keep the force up to its maximum.

The CHAIRMAN. Men who come in now would not get any additional pay for length of service?

Lieut. BRETT. Only where we get men who have had prior service. The CHAIRMAN. They have to come in within a certain period after their first enlistment expires?

Gen. SHARPE. Yes; within three months.

The CHAIRMAN. So that if any of those men die that is eliminated? Gen. SHARPE. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. What I asked is this: In arriving at your estimates you make no allowance for the possibilities of casualties but just take the basic pay and make your calculations?

Gen. SHARPE. The basic pay is taken, I think, Mr. Chairman.

SIGNAL CORPS-PAY OF ENLISTED MEN.

(See p. 343.)

The CHAIRMAN. The next item is." Signal Corps: For pay of enlisted men, $350,000." You had $6,379,896?

Gen. SHARPE. This is due to an increase in aviation pay.

Lieut. BRETT. A 50 per cent increase; under the act of July 18, 1914, every man who is an aviation mechanician or a flier in heavierthan-air craft gets an increase of 50 per cent, and this is to cover that. The CHAIRMAN. The pay of enlisted men in the Aviation Corps is already provided for in the aviation appropriation?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Then why do you want this amount of money? Lieut. BRETT. We do not if that is fully provided for.

The CHAIRMAN. You got $31,000,000 for the pay of enlisted men and civilian employees?

Lieut. BRETT. We are entitled to an unlimited increase under the act of June 3, 1916, in the Regular Army.

The CHAIRMAN. Estimates aggregating $639,000,000 were submitted to Congress and is not the pay included in those estimates? Lieut. BRETT. I did not see those estimates.

The CHAIRMAN. If they were a part of these estimates, then, the money has all been appropriated?

Capt. DALY. I do not think they take in any of the Regular Establishment, although I may be wrong about that.

Lient. BRETT. We did not see those estimates for the Signal Corps: they are taking something which heretofore has belonged to the Quartermaster Corps, which is charged with the duty of providing pay for officers and enlisted men.

The CHAIRMAN. They estimated, among other things, "For paying and otherwise providing for such officers of the Officers' Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps and such enlisted men of the Enlisted Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps as may be called into active service and such enlisted men as may be enlisted in the Aviation Section."

Capt. DALY. That refers to the reserve corps.

The CHAIRMAN. There are two classes: Enlisted men of the Enlisted Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps as may be called into active service and such enlisted men as may be enlisted in the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps.

Capt. DALY. I think that was only intended to cover the reserves. The CHAIRMAN. How many enlisted men in the Signal Corps have you estimated for in these combined estimates?

Liept. BRETT. Mr. Fitzgerald, I will have to explain that. They give us 2,033,345 enlisted men and we take 86,158 officers as necessary for that force; the distribution in the different arms of the service is purely arbitrary; they do not give us any distribution but we distribute them arbitrarily in order to have something under each of the headings as given in this bill.

Gen. SHARPE. So as to provide for the variations in pay of the different corps. The Signal Corps receives more pay for certain

men.

Lieut. BRETT. As I say, the distribution under those headings is purely arbitrary; we make the distribution in accordance with the wishes of the different bureau chiefs. They say they want so many men, and those left are put into the line.

The CHAIRMAN. When you estimate on an army of a certain size you estimate on so many men in each branch of the service. Certainly you did not figure on an army of 2,000,000 men without any consideration of the number of men that are to be in the Aviation Section?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir.

Gen. SHARPE. They give us the figures as a gross sum only.

Lieut. BRETT. The number of men given in a certain organizationfor instance, a division-is 27.422. In order to raise that division to 2,033,345, the numbers in the various grades of a division are multiplied by 74.15. That raises the different grades without regard to the arms of the service to which they belong. That gives us the rates of pay, and that is the only thing that is furnished to us.

The CHAIRMAN. That is all that is furnished to you; but somebody must know, when you are figuring on an army of a certain size, whether all branches of the service are included; and if that is so We do not want to appropriate twice for the pay and subsistence of it.

Lieut. BRETT. No, sir.

Gen. SHARPE. You see, there is no way in which we can cover the variations in pay unless we

The CHAIRMAN (interposing). I am not speaking about that. You are asking here for the pay of enlisted men in the Signal Corps. They have already gotten an appropriation, which is available for the pay of enlisted men in the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps, and I am asking whether this covers the same thing.

Lieut. BRETT. If they have covered the Aviation Section of the Regular Army, we should not have it; but I think if you will read that you will see what I think they are intending to cover.

The CHAIRMAN. This says that this appropriation will be available for paying and otherwise providing for such officers of the Officers' Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps and such enlisted men of the Enlisted Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps as may be called into active service. Extract from 1918 Army appropriation bill reading:

Provided further, That of the sum last above mentioned so much thereof as may be necessary will be available for paying and otherwise providing for such officers of the Officers' Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps and such enlisted men of the Enlisted Reserve Corps of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps as may be called into active service.

Lieut. BRETT. That has been in the bill for the last two years; they may have gone outside of that, but I do not think they have. The CHAIRMAN. This is the Army bill?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. But there is a later one than that. I read what was covered in the aviation bill.

Lieut. BRETT. There is an aviation section provided for in the Regular Army under the act of June 3, 1916. Now, if the bill you have referred to, which I have not read, covers the Regular Army aviation section, as well as the National Army and the National Guard aviation section, they have stepped right into the prerogatives of the Quartermaster Corps and without consulting us.

The CHAIRMAN. The Signal Corps prepared an estimate to provide for a certain number of machines, officers, men, and everything else, and they have gotten the money, and more money than they asked for.

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF STAFF-ADDITIONAL CLERKS.

(See p. 340.)

The CHAIRMAN. Do you pay these headquarters clerks?
Gen. SHARPE. Yes, sir; we pay them.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you use them?

Gen. SHARPE. They are used in the Adjutant General's office and in the office of the Chief of Staff.

The CHAIRMAN. You do not know about them?

Gen. SHARPE. No, sir; they simply estimate for the number which they give us; we have the number, but we do not know where they are used.

Lieut. BRETT. That $13,050 is used entirely in the War College. Gen. SHARPE. And 9 clerks for the office of the Chief of Staff; then 3,500 Army field clerks, who are used in the different depart

ments.

CORPS OF ENGINEERS-PAY OF OFFICERS.

The CHAIRMAN. The next item is "Corps of Engineers: For pay of officers in the Corps of Engineers, $8,493,492." You had $3,506,508?

Gen. SHARPE. We have included it all in the total number of 85,976 officers.

Lieut. BRETT. That is just a purely arbitrary distribution of the officers; they asked for so many officers; the Engineers asked for 5.000 officers, and that is for 3,672 officers.

The CHAIRMAN. Additional?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Are these the officers in these so-called technical units?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir; as provided for under the act of May 18. They want altogether 5,000 officers-Regulars and in the National Army.

The CHAIRMAN. In making that estimate you have some system by which you average the pay of a certain number of officers?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir; we just take the money that you have already given us for the Corps of Engineers; determine how many officers it will pay at $2,313 each-that being the average annual pay of an officer. From the total number of officers required by the Engineer Corps subtract the number the money already appropriated will pay, multiply the remainder by the average annual pay$2,313-and the result is the additional amount needed.

ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT-PAY OF OFFICERS.

The CHAIRMAN. The next item is "Ordnance Department: For pay of officers of the Ordnance Department, $12,067,600." The appropriations so far have been $693,900?

Lieut. BRETT. They want 5,500 officers.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you know the highest rank?

Lieut. BRETT. Brigadier general, held by Gen. Crozier.

The CHAIRMAN. What are these reserve officers?

Lieut. BRETT. Well, they can come from the reserves or under

the act of May 18.

The CHAIRMAN. Are these technical men?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. All that you do, then, is to have them state the number of officers they want and you calculate the amount of pay for that number?

Lieut. BRETT. Yes, sir; the distribution is made in accordance with the wishes of the chiefs of the bureaus. If the Secretary of War sees fit to change that distribution, he has a right to do so. It is just made arbitrarily.

QUARTERMASTER CORPS--PAY OF OFFICERS.

The CHAIRMAN. The next item is, "Quartermaster Corps: For pay of officers of the Quartermaster Corps, $6,939,000." You had over $6,000,000 and you are asking for an additional $6,000,000. Why is that?

Gen. SHARPE. We estimate that we will need 5,621 more officers. The CHAIRMAN. Why do you need that many more?

Gen. SHARPE. We need them for this increased army; we need about 1,200 officers for a million men; that would make about 2,400 officers.