LOGICAL ANALYSIS, 171. ANALYSES OF THE ADJECTIVE. a Natural Logically, is a subordinate idea, having an Artificial an Incidental Singular; Nominative, -; Objective, -; Possessive, -. Declined (Here!) - or It is not Declined or It is Compared; Positive, -; Comparative, -; Superlative, Not Compared. (Here!) Rule. Voice { Passive known first, by Form according to their second and fourth principal parts Active (Irregular Uncontracted Modified Contracted and Modified second, by the Principal Verb of a Periphrastic Form Person and Number; known (second, by a Suffix Modification first, by a Reference to its Subject Literal Tense Present Indefinite Indefinite Past or the Imperfect according to the time of the narration Tense-wise Fourth, the CONJUGATION. Synopses Mode-wise Rules for Position. Rules I., II. (Exception). (Indefinite Past or the Imperfect Past First Definite Past or the Perfect (Second Definite Past or the Pluperfect Indefinite Future or the First Future Definite, Second, or Perfect Future Future Fifth, the SYNTAX. Rules for Attributes, Rules III., IV., V. (Exceptions) VI VII. (Exceptions), VIII. (Exception), IX., X.. XI., XII. known in six ways. Verbs. 172. The science of the Verb includes; first, the Definitions and Special Name of the Verb; second, the Classifications; third, the Attributes or Properties, and the Means of knowing them; fourth, the Conjugation; and fifth, the Syntax of the Verb. 173. First, the DEFINITIONS. The word, verb, means speech, sound, action. A VERB is a word, or a phrase, which, in a sentence, has the use or office of a predicate or affirmer. EXAMPLES. 1. Thy word created all, and doth create; Thy splendor fills all space with rays divine; Thou art, and wert, and shalt be! Grammatical Analysis. Created is a verb; because, in this sentence, it is used as a predicate or affirmer. Special Name of the Verb. 174. SPECIAL NAME. The SPECIAL NAME of the Verb is the simple form of the predicate and the relator, TO, as they are used in a first object clause connected by its form. 2. Teach them to obey the laws. Parsing. Obey is a Verb; because, in this sentence, it has the use or office of an affirmer. It is affirmer of the first object clause, them to obey the laws, and is related to the subject, personated by them, by the relator, to; the clause being joined to another clause by its form. Taken with the relator, to, it forms the special name, To Obey, of the Verb. 175. Second, the CLASSIFICATIONS. Verbs are classified according to three bases; first, according to formation; second, according to transition; and third, according to their second and fourth principal parts. 176. First Classification. According to formation, Verbs are Simple, and Compound. 177. A SIMPLE Verb is a word predicate. EXAMPLES. 1. I came, I saw, I conquered. Grammatical Analysis. Came is a simple Verb; from the Verb, to come. It is simple, because it is a word predicate. 178. A COMPOUND Verb is a phrase predicate; of which the principal predicate is the Principal Verb, and the auxiliary predicates are the Auxiliary Verbs. 2. Thou shalt be. Thou shalt be conquering the nations. The nations shall be conquered by thee. Parsing. Shalt be is a compound Verb; from the Verb, to be. Its principal is be, its auxiliary is shalt. It is a compound Verb, because it is a phrase predicate. Shalt be conquering is a compound Verb; from the Verb, to conquer ; shalt is an auxiliary of be; be is an auxiliary of conquering; and conquering is the principal Verb. It is compound, because, etc. 3. Will I have read the book? Will I have been reading the book? Will the book have been read by me? NOTE I. Auxiliary Verbs are sometimes called Helping Verbs; because, they are used to help or assist in showing certain attributes or properties of the Verb. 179. When used as Verbs, do, be, have, and will may be Principal, or they may be Auxiliary Verbs; while, may, can, must, and shall are always Auxiliary Verbs. 4. I do do this work. Thou dost do this work. He does do this work. She doeth this work. I am doing this work. This work is done by me. How do you do your work? How do you do? Parsing. Do do is a compound Verb; of which, the latter do is the principal Verb; while, the former is its auxiliary Verb. 5. I will that thou shall go to-morrow. thee. He will come to 6. He may go, but he can stay if he choose. He must choose; if he do not, he shall go. 180. The different forms of a Verb are divided into two kinds; called, the Principal, and the Derivative Parts of the Verb. The Principal Parts of the Verb. 181. The Principal Parts of a Verb are four in number, and are generally known as; The Verb-Root or The First Principal Part, the Second, the Third, and the Fourth Principal Parts of the Verb. NOTE II. They are called Principal Parts, because by their aid, together with that of a few Rules, the remaining or derivative Parts of the Verb may be formed very easily. The Verb Root or The First Principal Part. 182. The VERB-ROOT or THE FIRST PRINCIPAL PART of the Verb is the part which is used in forming the Special Name of the Verb. 7. We desired the children to obey their parents. We saw the wild horses [to] run. Obey is the verb-root or the first principal part of the Verb, to obey. The relator, to, is its sign. Run is the verb-root or the first principal part of the Verb, to run. Its sign, [to], is understood. The Second, and the Fourth Principal Parts. 183. The SECOND, and the FOURTH PRINCIPAL PARTS are those forms of the verb, which, generally, are made by suffixing ED to the verb-root. To this definition, there are some exceptions. 8. The children obeyed their parents. The children have obeyed their parents. Obcyed is the second, and also, the fourth principal part of the Verb, to obey. It is formed by suffixing ed to the Verb-Root, obey. |