METEOROLOGICAL DIARY, BY W. CARY, STRAND. 1 dis. par New South Sea Annuities, July 6, 894; 12, 89; 14, 894; 22, 89; 26, 894. J. J. ARNULL, Stock Broker, 1, Bank Buildings, Cornhill, late RICHARDSON, GOODLUCK, and ARNULL. J. E. NICHOLS AND SON, 25, PARLIAMENT-STRKET. 15 15 13 11 15 154 10 pm. 8 pm. 8 10 pm. 8 10 pm. 9 pm. 153 12 pm. 15 90 12 14 pm. 153 9 pm. 157 9 11 pm. 157 15 153 GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE. SEPTEMBER, 1836. BY SYLVANUS URBAN, GENT. CONTENTS. MINOR CORRESPONDENCE.-Marbrinus.-Biographies of Aldermen of London. PAGE The word Coresing.—Sir John D'Oyley, &c. ... 226 BAINES'S HISTORY OF THE COTTON MANUFACTURES OF GREAT BRITAIN... 227 NOTES ON BOSWELL'S JOHNSON... 235 LONDINIANA, No. V.-Restoration of Crosby Hall (with a Plate). 240 245 250 Professor Crowe, 254.-Coleridge, 255.-Ugo Foscolo... 253 257 Bishop Hall's Works, 258.-Bossuet's Exposition of the Roman Catholic Faith 259 Historical Annals of Theobalds Palace... Ancient Font in Shorne Church, Kent (with a Plate) 260 264 ...... 266 On Arresting Dead Bodies for Debt, 265.-Unpublished Coin of Eadred MEMORIALS OF LITERARY CHARACTERS: Shakspeare's Marriage Licence Bond 266 The New Pinnacle of Westminster Hall .... Devon's Issues of the Exchequer. ... Coins found near Braintree.-Poems by Dr. Donne and his Son 268 270 280 Alison's History of Europe, 281.-Von Tietz's Notices of Petersburg, &c. 286. --Pamphlet on the Church Establishment, 289.-Correspondence of Dr. Richardson, 290.-Ross on the Eastern Question, 292.-On the Punishment of Death, 293.-Archæologia, Vol. xxvI. Part. 11., 295.-Dudley's Juvenile Researches, and History of Horsham, 299.-Romance of Nature, 301.-Belcher's Illustrations of the Whitby and Pickering Railway.... 302 Miscellaneous Reviews..... 302-304 ...... FINE ARTS.-Paintings by Hogarth, 304.-Wyatt's Statue of George the Third 306 LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. .... New Publications, 307. The Abbotsford Club, 308.-MSS. of Roger Bacon, 308.-British Scientific Association...... ANTIQUARIAN RESEARCHES.-Sale of Egyptian Antiquities, 309.-Roman Antiquities found in Exeter, &c. HISTORICAL CHRONICLE.- Proceedings in Parliament, 312. - Foreign News, 317.-Domestic Occurrences, 318.-Promotions, Preferments, &c. 319.-Marriages..... OBITUARY; with Memoirs of the Marchioness of Downshire; Viscount Clifden; Sir George Armytage, Bart.; Sir M. W. Ridley, Bart.; Sir F. Freeling, Bart.; Lieut.-Gen. Sir W. Sheridan; Lieut. Pocock; N. M. Rothschild, Esq. &c. &c....... CLERGY DECEASED, 330.-DEATHS, arranged in Counties. 309 311 320 321 .... 322 Bill of Mortality-Markets-Prices of Shares, 335.-Meteorological Diary-Stocks 336 Embellished with Views of CROSBY HALL, London; And of an ANCIENT FONT at SHORNE CHURCH, Kent. MINOR CORRESPONDENCE. With reference to the paragraph headed "MARBLE COATS," in our last number, p. 114, we have received the following communication from Mr. KEMPE: "Mr. URBAN-I have no hesitation in saying, that, as I find through your friendly medium that your correspondent P.C.S.S. had no intention of holding me up in a ridiculous light, in his observation on my definition of the term "Marble Coats," I should be sorry to be thought to charge him with the fabrication of the word Marbrinus, which indeed I did not, but conceived it was an error of citation. On further examination, I find his quotation to be correct, in the edition of 1733, although it was not found in the two editions of Ducange which I consulted at the time. I should equally regret that he might make any personal application of the concluding paragraph of my reply, which was written under the impression that I had been severely treated for a trifle; and finding that no personal irony was intended, I should sincerely lament the hasty use of any acrimonious expression, which of course I now willingly cancel." Mr. SAMUEL GREGORY is desirous of ascertaining the places of burial of the undermentioned Aldermen of London, who were members of the Clothworkers Company: Sir Nicholas Mosley, Knt. son of Edward Mosley of Hough, Lincolnshire, ancestor of the present Sir Oswald Mosley, Baronet. Married at Allhallows, Breadstreet, 1592; Lord Mayor, 1599; died, 1612. Sir John Ireton, Knt. brother of Gen. Ireton. Baptised at Attenborough, Notts. Lord Mayor, 1658. Displaced from the office of Alderman, on the restoration of King Charles the Second. Several of the family buried in the Church of St. Bartholomew the Less, London. Sir John Robinson, Knt. and Bart. son of Wm. Robinson, D.D. Rector of Long Whatton, Leicestershire, M.P. for London, and Lieutenant of the Tower, 1660. Lord Mayor, 1662. Family residences, Cranford, Northamptonshire, and Stretton Hall, Leicestershire. Died, 1697. Sir Wm. Peake, Knt. son of - Peake, of Lincolnshire. Lord Mayor, 1667. Arms, Vert, on a chevron, between three lion's heads erased Or, as many crosslets Az. Sir Francis Chaplin, Knt. son of Robt. Chaplin of Bury St. Edmund's. Ancestor of Sir Robert Chaplin, Bart. of the Inner Temple. Lord Mayor, 1677. Family residence, Tathwell, Lincolnshire, A daughter of Sir Francis Chaplin baptised at Greenwich, 1672, Sir Thomas Lane, Knt. Alderman of Candlewick Ward, 1688. Lord Mayor, 1694. Arms, per pale Azure and Gules, three saltires Argent. Died 1709. A son of Sir Thos. Lane, was buried at Morden College. Sir Robert Bedingfeld, Knt. Alderman of Dowgate Ward, 1697. Married Anne. daughter of Wm. Strode, esq. of Kent, Lord Mayor, 1706. Family residence, Ditchingham Hall, Norfolk. Died 1711. A CONSTANT READER inquires for information respecting the word coresing. In the Oxford octavo edition, 1834, of "Three Primers put forth in the reign of Henry the Eighth," p. 175, it is found in this sentence. "Notwithstanding here at this time, before he could answer and shew them his mind, as touching this coresing of swords for their other necessaries, Peter Simon, which pretended to love his master more fervently than other, having then one of these two swords, had drawn it," &c. &c. H., in reading Holman's Travels, met with the following passage. The author is speaking of a certain Buddhist priest, named I-higamme :-" During this period, it was his fortune to make the acquaintance of Sir John D'Oyley, a British resident at Kandy, who professed himself a convert to the Religion of the Country, and into whose household I-higamme was received as Spiritual Director." Now, what this can possibly mean, H. is anxious to discover. Holman surely cannot intend to state that Sir John (whom I believe I remember a Fellow of Corp. Chr. Coll. Cambridge), turned idolater? We feel obliged by the communication of J. R. W.-J. G. N.'s abstract of the evidence contained in Clark's History of God Save the King, shall be given in our next. ERRATA.-P. 104, b. 15, for Lt.-Col. Thomas Brooke read Capt. Francis Capper Brooke. P. 109, a. 4, for Maunsher read Mounsher. P. 138, b. 10, at thoughts, insert * reference to note. P. 144, b. 41, for initials read name; 1. 52, for side read aile. P. 153, b. 10, for Herbert read Henry. P. 186, a. 55 and 60, read Katakekaumena. P. 187, a. 33, for Dukes read Duke. P. 191, b. 25, read, In the south transept a handsome, &c. P. 203, a. 12, for county read country. In col. b. the paragraph on the "Sexton of Cologne," and the following, should have been headed "CoVENT GARDEN." P. 204, b. 53, for Luxmoore, read Lipscombe. P. 217, b. 15, read Seagrave. P. 219, a. 8 from foot, read Sodbury. P. 220, a. 15 from foot, read Sandell. P. 222, a. 40, Sir George Armytage's elder son is deceased; see this corrected by the memoir in our present number. MAGAZINE GENTLEMAN'S History of the Cotton Manufactures in Great Britain, with a notice of its early History in the East, and in all the quarters of the Globe: description of the great Mechanical Inventions which have caused its unexampled extension in Britain, and a view of the present state of the Manufacture, &c. By Edmund Baines, Jun. Esq. THE importance of the subject, as well as the excellence and value of the work before us, have won us from our quiet walks of literature, into the busy quays and wealthy marts of commerce. We leave Parnassus for Preston; and the forked hill, and fountain, and nine Muses for the looms, and spinning jennies, and furnaces of Manchester and Bolton. Nor is the history of the art by which this manufacture has risen in a few years to an extent without parallel, and almost beyond belief, unworthy the attention of the politician or the philosopher. All the science of mechanics, and all the resources of chemistry, have been united and directed by wealth and enterprise, to bring to perfection that which has added new comforts to the people, and new revenues to the country. It is the down of a small Indian shrub, or herb, that now causes ten times ten thousand wheels to revolve; that feeds and employs multitudes who would otherwise be lingering in poverty and idleness; that fills the midnight air with glowing furnaces; and which calls from the distant hills, rivers whose very channels had been before unnamed and unknown. Sixty years since, our manufacturers consumed little more than three millions of raw cotton annually. The annual consumption is now more than 280 million lbs. In 1750 the county of Lancaster had a population of only 297,400. In 1831 the number of its inhabitants had swelled to 1,336,854. A similar increase has taken place in Lanarkshire. The families supported by this branch of industry comprise a million and a half of individuals; and the goods, besides clothing the greater part of the kingdom, form nearly one half of the export trade of Great Britain. "The causes (says our Author) of this unexampled extension of manufacturing industry, are to be found in a series of splendid inventions and discoveries, by the combined effect of which, a spinner may produce as much yarn in a day as by the old processes he could have produced in a year and cloth, which formerly required six or eight months to bleach, may now be bleached in a few hours." India is the birth place of the cotton manufacture, where it existed, probably, previous to all authentic history. There, probably, amid that ancient, interesting, and almost immoveable people, it remained century after century the same, wrought by the same patient labour and manual dexterity, and producing the same light and simple garments as are now seen on the banks of the Ganges and Nerbudda. The Hebrew Writers do not mention cotton. The Greek and Latin seldom. The populous regions beyond the Indus, in the possession of all the ancient arts of life, the elegancies of clothing and habitation, were unknown to them. It is curious to observe how the raw materials which furnish the clothing of mankind, are variously distributed. Flax is indigenous in Egypt. The wool-bearing sheep is a native of the mountains of Asia. The silk worm was given to the Chinese; and the Cotton plant to India and America. The arts of spinning and weaving were very ancient, but they were confined to linen. 1700 years before Christ we read " that Pharaoh arrayed him in vestures of fine linen ;" and linen continues to be the principal article of clothing by all nations west of the Indus. It is probable that Cotton was used by the Indians as early as this time; subsequently, we find Herodotus and Arrian mentioning it. A passage of Pliny gives what is supposed to be the origin of the word Cotton. He says the pod of the Cotton plant was the size of a quince. Now the Latin name of this tree was Cotoneum Malum, and it is supposed by Dr. Vincent that the resemblance in size, thus pointed out, led to the name Cotoneum being applied to the wool-bearing plant and its produce. Others suppose that the downy appearance of the leaf of the quince, led, by the similitude, to the same name being applied to both; yet Cotoneum in Greek or Latin is not used for Cotton, so that the Arabic word Koton is probably the origin of ours. Though the beautiful chintzes and transparent muslins of India were at the Christian æra brought to Europe, and known to the luxurious Romans, yet they were never much esteemed; the glossiness, the lustre, the elegance of silk, quite eclipsed among the Portias and Flavias, and Sempronias, and the ladies of the Esquiline and the Janiculum, the less pretending though more useful produce of the Gossypium Herbaceum. Perhaps we are to attribute to this very cause the singular fact, that though the Chinese knew the Cotton plant, and cultivated it, they never used it for the purposes of manufacture till the 13th century, while their neighbours, the Indians, had possessed it for 3000 years. No nankeen trousers were seen in Pekin till about 1360, when they appeared as the rival of the silk worm. In America the use of this plant for clothing was well known. Cortez found the Mexicans clothed in Cotton. They made paper of it, cloth, money, garments, and cuirasses in war. In Europe, while Greece and Italy delighted in silk, and Flanders and France in woollen, Spain, under the Mahomedan Caliphs in the tenth century, manufactured Cotton into clothing. In the reign of Abderahman III, ruled from 912 to 961, the Cotton plant, as well as the sugar cane, and rice, and the silk worms, were introduced, and manufactures were carried on in Valencia, Cordova, Grenada, as in the splendid Eastern cities in Bagdad, and that enchantment of the World-Damascus. The Cotton manufacture in Italy appears about the beginning of the 14th century. We find the English Fustians, which are made of Cotton yarn, in the time of Chaucer. Of Fustian he wered a Gipon All besmotred with his Habergeon. who Yet England, where now it flourishes most, was among the latest of all countries to receive this manufacture. "The natural and physical advantages of England, (says our author) for manufacturing industry are, probably, superior to those of every other country on the globe. These things may be regarded as of primary importance for the successful prosecution of manufactures, viz. waterpower, fuel, and iron. If, however, these exist in combination, and where they are abundant and cheap, machinery may be manufactured and put in motion at small cost, and most of the processes of mak ing and finishing cloth, whether chemical or mechanical, depending, as they do, mainly on the two great agents of water and heat, may likewise be performed with advantage. The district where these advantages are found in the most favourable combination, is the southern part of Lancashire, and the south-western of Yorkshire, the former of which has become the principal seat of the manufacture of Cotton. In the counties of Cheshire, Derbyshire, and Nottinghamshire, and in |