...varieties are also identical in phonetics although they have different morphophonemic rules (Gumperz 1967). What seems to have happened in these informal varieties...differences (differences of lexical shape) remain. Convergent changes The co-existence within the same community of standard varieties not directly affected...

...languages. Gumperz and Wilson (1971: 155) observes that, in the languages of Kupwar-like situations, "what seems to have happened in these informal varieties is a gradual adaptation of grammatical difference to the point that only morphophonemic differences (differences of lexical* shape) remain"....