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to 8 years It was estimated that there were, in 1854, 250 deaf mutes, and 150 blind, in the State. The buildings will accommodate 350. The grounds contain 33.45 acres.

In January, 1854, Dr. John P. Gray was appointed Superintendent of the Asylum for the Insane, who has had the supervision of the buildings now (December, 1854) being erected, at an estimated expense of not less than $200,000, which will accommodate 268 patients. The State census of 1854 reports 426 insane or idiotic persons in the State. The grounds contain 167.76 acres.

State Prison, Jackson. -William Hammond, Agent. Number of convicts in prison, 30th November, 1854, 216; received during the year, 141; discharged during the year, by expiration of sentence, 47; by pardon, 21; by death, 9; by escape, 6; in all, 83; leaving in prison, 30th November, 1855, 304; of whom 268 were white and 24 colored males, and I half-bred Indian; 9 white and 2 colored females. Of the 141 received during the year, 44 were committed for larceny, 12 for burglary, 7 for burglary and larceny, 8 for murder, 5 for robbery, and 5 for rape. 8 were sentenced for life; 1 for 35 years; 8 for 15 years; 4 for 10 years; 33 for 5 years and less than 10 years; 33 for 3 years and less than 5 years; 28 for 2 years or less. Of the 304 in prison, 203 were natives of the United States (110 of New York, and 23 of Michigan), and 101 foreigners. 6 were under 15 years; 29 from 15 to 20; 142 from 20 to 30; 69 from 30 to 40; 41 from 40 to 50; 13 from 50 to 60; 4 from 60 to 70. The income of the prison during the year was $36,786.13; the expenditures were $33,417.50. The average number of convicts was 278. The number of days lost by sickness, old age, and bad weather was 9,137; by solitary confinement, 1,258. The average contract price of the labor of the convicts is near 37 cents. The cell of each prisoner is provided with a Bible, and there is a distribution of books from the prison library, which has 475 volumes, twice each week. The death penalty for murder in this State was abolished in 1846, and solitary confinement at hard labor in the State Prison for life substituted, March 2d, 1817. Since then 20 persons have been convicted of murder and sentenced to solitary confinement at hard labor for life. A separate building is erected for these convicts.

A House of Correction for Juvenile Offenders was opened at Lansing in the fall of 1856, and 13 inmates were received.

Pauperism in 1854. Number of persons relieved or supported, 1,657, at a total expense of $29,465.65. The actual value of the labor of the poor was $775. Estimated saving in the expense of their support by their labor, $315.

Crime in 1855. -The report of the Attorney-General has abstracts of the reports of the District Attorneys, but they are not in such a form as to be readily made use of.

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Capital, Indianapolis. Area, 33,809 sq. m. Population, 1850, 988,416.

Government for the Year 1857.

Salary.

ASHBEL P. WILLARD, of New Albany,* Governor (term of office expires 2d Monday in January, 1861), $1,500 and furnished house, Abr. A. Hammond, of Vigo Co., Lieut.-Governor Term expires.

and President of the Senate, Jan. 1861,

Salary.

$3 a day. Danl. McClure, of Morgan Co., Sec. of State, Jan.15,'59, $800 & perq. Aquila Jones, of Bartholomew Co., Treas.of State, Jan. 25, '59, Aud. Pub. Accounts, Feb. 9,'59, 1,000 & perq. Sup. of Pub. Instr., Feb. 1859.

John W. Dodd, of Grant Co.,

W. C. Larrabee, of Greencastle,
John M. Lord, of Salem,†

State Agent,

1,000

2,500

*The Governor, Secretary, Treasurer, and Auditor are required to reside at Indianapolis during their term of office.

†The State Agent of Indiana has an office in the city of New York.

Samuel Beck,

of Indianapolis, Quartermaster-General,

Steph. D. Tomlinson, of Indianapolis, Adjutant-General, of Marion Co., State Printer,

William J. Brown,

David W. Miller,

of Jeffersonville, Warden of State Prison,

M. G. C. W. Tanner, of Brownstown, State Librarian,

Charles Osborn,

David Kilgore,

John Levering,

Solon Furman,

Salary.

$100

100

Profits.

$600 500

of Carroll Co., Private Secretary to Governor, 350 of Delaware Co., Speaker of the House, $3 a day of Tippecanoe Co., Clerk of the House, 4 during

of Putnam Co., Secretary of Senate, 4 session.

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of Greensburg,
of Indianapolis,

66

Term ends. Salary. January, 1859, $1,200 66 1859, 1,200 66 1859,

1,200

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1. William Z. Stewart, of Logansport, Judge,
2. Andrew Davidson,
3. Samuel E. Perkins,
4. Samuel B. Gookins,
Joseph E. McDonald, of Montgomery Co, Att.-Gen., Dec. 1859,
William B. Beach, of Boone Co., Clerk,

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M. G. C. W. Tanner, of Marion Co., Reporter, Dec. 1858.

Circuit Courts.

President Judges.

of Rising Sun.

Francis Adkinson,

1st. Alex. C. Downey,

2d. George A. Bicknell, of New Albany.

3d. Wm. E. Niblack, 4th. Reuben D. Logan, 5th. Stephen Major, 6th. James M. Hanna, 7th. Joseph Anthony, 8th. Wm. P. Bryant, 9th. Thos. S. Stanfield, 10th. James L. Worden, 11th. John M. Wallace, 12th. Andrew Ingram, 13th Jehu T. Elliott,

of Mount Pleasant.
of Rushville.
of Indianapolis.
of Terre Haute.
of Muncie.
of Rockville.
of South Bend.
of Fort Wayne.
of Marion.
of Lafayette.
of New Castle.

Prosecuting Attorneys.

of

Thomas M. Brown, of New Albany.
Harmon G. Barkwell, of Rockport.
William Patterson,
Peter S. Kennedy,
Milton A. Osborn,
Wm. Brotherton,
Thomas N. Rice,
Mark L. De Mott,

Sandford J. Stoughton,

of Lawrenceburg.
of Danville.
of Bowling Geeen.
of Hartford.
of

of Valparaiso.

of

Charles S. Parrish, of Wabash.
John L. Miller,
Thos. M. Browne,

of

of Winchester.

The salary of each of these judges is $1,000. The last Legislature restored the former number of circuits, which the previous Legislature had reduced to eleven. For the counties composing the several districts, see the American Almanac for 1856, pp. 321, 322.

Court of Common Pleas.

For the Court of Common Pleas, the State is divided by counties into 44 districts, each of which elects a judge to serve for four years, and until his successor is elected and qualified. The salaries of the judges vary, according to the population of their district, from $300 to $800 per annum. Four terms a year are held in each District, on the first Monday of January, April, July, and October; but if the Circuit Court of any county is in session, then the Common Pleas shall be held on the Monday succeeding the Circuit term. This court has concurrent civil jurisdiction with the Circuit Courts, with certain exceptions, in cases where the ad damnum does not exceed $1,000, and with justices of the peace where the sum demanded is not less than $50; criminal jurisdiction in cases of misdemeanors and of felonies not punishable with death, under certain restrictions; and probate jurisdiction. The following is a list of the districts, judges, and prosecuting attorneys.

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Richard A. Clements, William H. Donahey. Frederick W. Matthis, Joel Vandeveer. Willett Bullitt.

Benjamin F. Walter. James C. Thom. James A. Works. Isaac H. Carabaugh. Alex. W. Lattimore. George W. Yocum. Robert McAfee. Michael Malott. Thomas B. Long. A. D. Cunning.

Alexander Anderson,
Amos Lovering,
Charles E. Walker,
Robert Drummond,
Charles N. Shook,
Jeremiah Bundy,
Nathaniel T. Hauser,
Frank Emerson,
Frederick T. Brown,
John W. Jones,
George A. Buskirk,
Franklin Hardin,
James M. Sleeth,
Samuel A. Bonner,
John S. Reid,
William P. Benton,
Martin L. Bundy,
Richard Lake,
David Wallace,
John Cowgill,
Samuel F. Maxwell,
Charles Tyler,
Lorenzo C. Dougherty,
Gustavus A. Wood,
Jona. C. Applegate,
Nathl. R. Lindsey,
Henry S. Kelly,
Jacob M Haynes,
Wilson B. Loughridge,
Joseph H Matlock,
Sam. L. McFadden,
William R. Boyer,
Carter D. Hathaway,
James C. Bodley,
James W. Borden,
Egbert D. Mott,
Edward W. Metcalf,
William C. Talcott,
Elijah Egbert,

Jonathan H. Williams.
James Harrison.
Thomas C. Gelpin.
Nath. McCrookshank.
Jehial Railsback.
Thomas B. Redding.
Montgomery Marsh.
John S. Tarkington.
James A. Crawley.
James Jordan.
James M. Carpenter.
Bayless W. Hanna.
Israel N. Stiles.
Leander McClung.
James A. Gray.
R. T. St. John.
Enos L. Watson.
Samuel Mahon.
Moses F. Collins.
Josiah Farrar.
William H. Thompson.
Frank C. Brown.
V. C. Mains.
William G. Spencer.
William H. Dils.

Milo S. Hascall.
Martin Wood.

Andrew Anderson, Jr.

FINANCES.

Balance in the treasury, November 1, 1854,

Total receipts into the treasury for year ending November 1, 1855,

Total revenue from all sources,

Total warrants on treasury for same period,

Balance in treasury, November 1, 1855,

$963,630.98 1,204,683 99 $2,168,314.97

1.700,090.82

$468,224.15

This balance is only apparent, for the State is indebted to this amount, and $ 107,762.82 more, to several of the State funds.

Chief Sources of Income.

Permanent revenue, general fund, $448,832 05 Public printing,

Legislative expenses,

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$46,809.57

32,084.77

2,230.64

12,862.50

Saline fund,

16.865.77 Sinking fund, purchase of State debt, 62,485.01

Wabash and Erie Canal, by trustees,252,076.62 Wabash and Erie Canal, by trustees,422,192.07

3,164.84 Interest on public debt,

311,559.14

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The Auditor's Report shows that the lands assessed for taxes of 1855 amounted to 19,599,936 acres. These lands, for the purposes of taxation, were valued at $93,966.096; improvements at $35,653,505; town lots and buildings at $27,637,647; railroad stock, $13,826,510; other corporation stock at $2,700,996; other personal property, $106,863,830. Total of taxable property, $ 280,648,554. Polls assessed for 1855, 166,452. There is a poll tax of 75 cents, and an ad valorem tax upon property of 25 cents on the $ 100, for State purposes. State tax for year 1855, $643,613; county tax, $ 969,242; road tax, $142,972; school tax, $369,842; sinking fund tax, $ 56,002; township tax, $194,226; total taxes, $2,830,606. The township assessors returned as in the State June 1, 1855, 304,028 horses, mules, and asses, valued at $ 13,657,874; 798,419 cattle, value $7,578,200; 882,797 sheep, value $ 937,370; 2,668,572 swine, value $ 5,514,098; 6,658,952 bushels of wheat, value $ 7,789,324; 34,811,902 bushels of corn, value $11,756,664; 226,559 bushels of rye, value $171,005; 8,132,786 bushels of oats and barley, value $2,071,996; 1,170,290 bushels of potatoes, value $628,197; 422,280 tons of hay, value $2,205,810; 1,396,544 pounds of wool, value $422,326; value of market-garden products, $259,273; of orchard products, $435,122; of home made manufactures, $2,373,674; of maple sugar, $ 59,998; of wine, $ 6,741; of grassseed, $231,405; of poultry, $ 481,128; of pork, $1,658,453; of bacon, $1,270,604; of lard, $345,376; of slaughtered animals other than hogs, $510,293; of hemp, $ 1,831; of hops, $27,675; of tobacco, $55,413.

5

State Debt. - Prior to 1847, the State owed on her foreign debt, principal, $ 11,048,000; interest, $3,326,610; total, $14,374,640. By the acts of the Legislature of 19th January, 1816, and 27th January, 1847, proposals were made to the holders of bonds that they should complete the Wabash and Erie Canal, and take the State's interest in it for one half of this debt, and the State would issue new certificates for the other half, upon which she would pay interest at the rate of 4 per cent per annum until January, 1853, and after that time at per cent. This constitutes the Five per Cent State Stock. Certificates were also to be issued for one half of the arrears of interest, upon which the State would pay interest at the rate of 24 per cent per annum after January, 1853. This constitutes the Two and a half per Cent State deferred Stock. In this 24 per cent stock is also included 1 per cent per annum upon the principal, which gives the holder of the old bond when surrendered, 5 per cent per annum upon the new 5 per cent stock from the dividend day next preceding his surrender of the old bonds. The above are the only stocks upon which the State is bound to pay either principal or interest, under the arrangement. November 1, 1855, there were outstanding of the old bonds of the State, of principal, $435,000. There had been issued up to that time of 5 per cent State Stock, $5,301,500; of 24 per cent State Stock, $2,036,973.50; making the total State debt, November 1, 1855, $7,338,473.50.

"The Canal Stocks are divided into two classes, - Preferred stocks, and Deferred stocks. The former are issued to the holders of original bonds, who at the time of surrendering the same subscribed to the loan for the completion of the canal, and are enti

tled to preference in payment both of principal and interest. The deferred stocks are issued to the holders of original bonds at the time of their surrender, who did not subscribe to the loan for the canal, and payment is therefore deferred until the preferred stocks are entirely liquidated.

"Two sets of stocks are issued in both of these cases, as in the case of State stocks; one for principal, bearing 5 per cent interest, and the other for interest, also bearing 5 per cent interest. The former are termed Five per Cent Preferred Canal Stock, or Five per Cent Deferred Canal Stock, as the case may be; and the latter, 5 per Cent Special Preferred Canal Stock or 5 per Cent Special Deferred Canal Stock."

The Ganal Stock issued and outstanding November 1, 1855, was as follows: -5 per Cent Preferred, $4,079,500; 5 per Cent Special Preferred, $1,216,737.50; 5 per Cent Deferred, $1,220,000; 5 per Cent Special Deferred, $461,745.09; total, $ 6,979,982.59; which depends on the canal for its redemption as to both principal and interest.

The provisions of the Constitution in relation to the State debt are as follows:- "The revenues of the public works and surplus taxes, after paying the ordinary State expenses and interest on the State debt, shall be applied to reduce the principal of the debt. No new debt shall be contracted, unless to meet casual deficits in the revenue, to pay the interest on the State debt, or to repel invasion, &c. The Assembly shall never assume any debts, nor shall any county lend its credit to, or borrow money to buy stock in, any incorporated company."

Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, Indianapolis, 1855. Thomas MacIntire, Principal, salary $1,000. All the deaf and dumb of the State between the ages of 10 and 30 are entitled to an education, without charge for board or tuition. The session is annual, and lasts ten months, from the 15th of September to the 15th of July. The course of instruction is for five years. For pupils from other States the charge is $100 for the session, for board and tuition. There were 132 pupils in the asylum, Nov. 1, 1855; and there had been 166 in attendance during some portion of the year. 7 had completed the prescribed course of study. About 900 volumes were added to the library during the year. The American Almanac for 1856, p. 324, contains an abstract of the report for 1854, which gives fuller statistics in regard to the pupils than the report for 1855. The entire receipts during the year were $27,816.62. The expenses were $26,660.62.

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Institute for the Blind, Indianapolis, 1855.· William C. Larrabee, Superintendent, salary $800. The boarding and tuition of pupils who are children of residents in the State are free. Generally applicants over 21 and under 8 years of age are not admitted. The whole number of pupils during the year was 87. It is estimated that not one eighth part of the blind persons in the State availed themselves of the instruction of the school, although efforts were made to induce them to come, The ordinary expenses of the school for the year are near 20,000. Articles manufactured by the pupils, $2,651.35. The session is for ten months, - from the first Monday in October to last Wednesday in July. Hospital for the Insane, Indianapolis. — James S. Athon, Superintendent, salary $1,200. October 31, 1854, there were in the Hospital 160 patients, 73 males and 87 females. During the year ending October 31, 1855, 171 were admitted (79 males, 92 females); 135 were discharged (64 males, 71 females); leaving in the hospital at the end of the year, 196 (88 males, 108 females). Of the 135 discharged, 115 (52 males and 63 females) were recovered; and 20 (12 males and 8 females) died. This institution was opened (part of its buildings only being completed) in November, 1848. The south wing has been completed. Since the opening of the hospital, there have been admitted 910; discharged, 714; of whom there had recovered, 485; improved, 88; unimproved, 58; died, 83. 252 were farmers, 39 laborers, 15 carpenters, 7 students, and 12 teachers. Of the females, 387 were occupied in house-work, 28 were school-girls, 12 tailoresses, and 14 teachers. The alleged probable cause of insanity in 69 cases was religious excitement; in 31, spiritual rappings; in 28, intemperance; in 23, tobacco. The annual expenses of the institution average about $ 125 a patient.

State Prison, Jeffersonville. — D. W. Miller, Warden. Number in prison, November 30, 1854, 267; received since, 139; fugitives retaken, 3; discharged during the year, by

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