the location of existing and proposed sewer outlets and overflows. The true or magnetic meridian, the town or borough lines, title, date, scale, direction of flow and average water elevation of the stream shall also be clearly shown. The elevation of the highest known freshets at the outlets and site of the disposal plant shall be given. Any area from which sewage is to be pumped shall be shown by light shading, coloring, or other distinctive marks.

(c) Lettering, lines, and symbols.-Letters and figures shall be clearly and distinctly made. Sewers to be built at present shall be shown by solid lines, and sewers to be constructed later shall be shown by a line of dashes, as ----. Existing sanitary sewers shall be shown by the following symbol,...., and combined sewers by dot and dash, All topographical symbols used are

to be the same as those of the United States Geological Survey.

(d) Elevations.—Elevations of the surface of the streets should be placed outside the street lines in the upper right angle or opposite their respective positions in the street. The elevation of sewer inverts should be shown at street intersections, ends of line, and wherever a change of grade occurs. The elevations of the sewer shall be written close to the point to which they refer, parallel with the sewer line and between the street lines. The elevations of surface shall be shown to the nearest 1-10 foot; those of the sewer invert to the nearest 1-100 foot. The size and gradients of all proposed and existing sewers shall be marked along the line of the sewer.

(e) Sewer appurtenances.—All sewer appurtenances and unusual features, such as manholes, flush tanks, siphons, pumps, etc., shall be designated on the plans by suitable symbols and referenced by a legend near the title.

REG. 62. Profiles.-Profiles of all sewers where gradients less than that given below are used shall accompany the application. Profiles of all sewers must be approved before they are constructed.

Profiles of sewer lines shall be prepared and drawn to such a scale as to clearly show the structural features of the sewer. For ordinary use the following scales are suggested: Vertically, 10 feet to 1 inch; horizontally, 100 feet to 1 inch. Both scales must be clearly shown upon each sheet. Upon these profiles shall be shown all manholes, flush tanks, siphons, and stream crossings, with elevations of stream bed and normal water. Figures showing the sizes and gradients of sewers, surface elevations, sewer invert, etc., should be shown with the same frequency as required for the map.

Grades, etc.-The following gradients for sewers flowing half full are suggested as minimum grades for ordinary use, as with careful construction a theoretical velocity of approximately 2 feet per second can be obtained.

The sewers should have a capacity when flowing half full sufficient to carry twice the future average flow 25 years hence, plus a sufficient allowance for ground water infiltration.

When grades lower than those given are used, an explanation and reasons for the use of such grades should be included in the engineer's report. On

each sheet of profiles must be given, under the title, an index of the streets appearing on that sheet. Profile sheets shall be numbered consecutively.

REG. 63. Detail plans.-Detail drawings of sewer sections, except where terra cotta or iron pipe is used, and of all sewer appurtenances, such as manholes, lampholes, flush tanks, inspection chambers, siphons, and any special structures, shall accompany the general sewer plans.

The detail plans shall be drawn to such a scale as to show suitably and clearly the nature of the design and all details, such as manhole frames and covers, iron pipes, valves, gates, etc.

REG. 65 [64]. Disposal works. All drawings submitted shall be neatly [executed] and [in]clude a general plan upon which reserve areas or future extensions are clearly shown, and detail plans of the various units and structures which comprise the plant.

A weir or other measuring device shall be provided at some convenient point and the installation of a recording device is recommended, and in particular instances may be required.

Detail plans.-The detail plans shall show longitudinal and transverse sections sufficient to explain the construction of each unit. They should also show the distributing and drainage systems, general arrangement of any automatic devices, sizes or stone, gravel or sand used as filtering material, and such other information as is required for the intelligent understanding of the plans.

REG. 66 [65]. Drawings.-All drawings submitted shall be neatly and plainly executed and may be traced directly on tracing cloth, printed on transparent cloth, or printed on any of the various papers which give distinct lines. All prints shall be clear and legible.

Size of drawings.-With the exception of the map, the following dimensions are suggested for ordinary use: Distance from top to bottom, 20 or 30 inches; length, 24 inches, 32 inches, 40 inches, or 48 inches, or thereabouts. By this section it is intended to prevent the use of long profiles and unnecessarily large maps which are difficult to file or to use.

Title. Each drawing shall have legibly printed thereon the name of the town or persons for whom the drawing is made, the name of the engineer in charge, the date, the scale, and such references in the title as are necessary for the complete understanding of each drawing.

REG. 66. Engineer's report.-A report, written by the designing or consulting engineer, should accompany all plans for complete sewerage systems, and shall give all data upon which the design is based, such as:

(a) Information concerning sewer systems.-The nature and extent of the area which it is proposed to include within the present system of sewage, and of the area which it is planned shall ultimately drain into this system. (b) The estimated per capita daily flow of sewage to be cared for.

(c) The population to be served, both present and estimated, for 25 years hence.

(d) The total and per capita water consumption of the town at the present time.

(e) The allowance made for leakage into the sewers.

(f) The character daily flow of sewage, including leaks.

(g) The character of the sewage (whether domestic or including manufacturing wastes, and in case of the latter the nature and approximate quantity of the same stated in specific terms).

(h) Method of flushing or periodically cleaning the sewers.

(i) That portion of the sewers to be built at the present time.

(j) The minimum grades of sewers for each size used.

(k) If there are sections which can not drain into this system the extent of such sections and the probable future disposition of the sewage from these sections.

A list of bench marks or fixed elevations should be included in this report. Information concerning treatment plant.-With regard to the treatment plant, the engineer's report shall cover the following subjects:

(a) The method of treatment to be adopted and a description of the units of the system.

(b) The rate of working of each unit.

(c) If disinfection is to be used, the name of the disinfecting substance, the quantity per million gallons of sewage, and the method of application.

(d) The nature of the body of water into which the effluent discharges, with particular reference to the run-off during dry weather.

(e) The disposal of sludge.

(f) All conditions perculiarly characteristic of the locality and which in any way affect the design of the system.

(g) Special devices used in connection with the treatment system.

(h) Special methods of maintenance or operation of the system.

(i) The results expected from the purification system.

(j) Explain any provisions for reserve units in pumping plants, pipe lines, filters, etc.

REG 67. Specifications and estimate of cost.—Specifications for the construction of the system of sewers and sewage treatment works and an estimate of the cost of the same shall accompany all plans for new or original systems.

REG. 68. Extensions to or modifications of present systems. If the plans are solely for the extension to or modification of an existing system, then only such information as is necessary for the comprehension of the plans will be required. This information must in general conform to the above requirements for a complete system.

REG. 69. General requirements; application for approval.-The application for approval of plans shall be made by the proper municipal authorities, persons for whom the work is to be done, or their properly authorized agents, upon blank forms which will be supplied by the board.

REG. 70. Systems on separate plan.-Under ordinary circumstances the board will approve such plans only when designed upon the separate plan in which all rain water from roofs, streets, and other areas and all ground water, other than unavoidable leakage, is to be excluded.

REG. 71. Samples of sewage to be analyzed.-The board will collect and analyze samples of sewage from all public systems at regular intervals.

REG. 72. Approval of plans.-Preliminary rejection of plans or suggested changes will generally be taken up with the engineer designing the system. Final approval or rejection will be indicated on each sheet of the plans and profiles, and in a letter on the subject as a whole, copies of which will be sent to the engineer and to the mayor or other executive of the city, village, or institution for which the system or plant is designed.

Sewage Regulation of Discharge of, to Prevent Stream Pollution. (Reg. Bd. of H., Jan. 7, 1920.)

REG. 32. Sewage pollution of streams prohibited.-No city or town shall hereafter empty or discharge its sewage into any body of water or stream used for drinking purposes by any municipality until such sewage has been rendered harmless by some method approved by the State board of health.

Sewage Disposal. (Reg. Bd. of H., Jan. 7, 1920.)

REG. 40. No sewage shall be placed or permitted to be placed or discharged or permitted to flow into any of the waters of the State except as hereinafter provided. This regulation shall not prevent the discharge of sewage from any public sewer system owned and maintained by a municipality or sewerage company, provided such sewer system was in operation and was discharging sewage into the waters of the State on January 1, 1920; but this exception shall not permit the discharge of sewage from any sewer system that shall have been extended subsequent to the aforesaid date, nor shall it permit the discharge of any sewage which, upon investigation by the State board of health, shall be found to be polluting the waters of the State in a manner prejudicial to the health and comfort of its inhabitants. Whenever complaint shall be made to the State board of health of the pollution or of the polluted condition of any of the waters of the State, or whenever the State board of health shall have reason to believe that any of the waters of the State are being polluted in a manner prejudicial to the health and comfort of any of its inhabitants, it shall be the duty of the State board of health to make an investigation covering the pollution or the polluted condition. Whenever an investigation shall be undertaken by the State board of health, it shall be the duty of any organization or person concerned in such pollution to furnish upon request to the State board of health such information as may be required [as] to the amount and character of the polluting material discharged into the said waters by such organization or person. If the State board of health shall find that any of the waters of the State have been or are being polluted in a manner prejudicial to the health and comfort of its inhabitants the State board of health shall have the authority to make an order requiring such pollution to cease within a reasonable time, or requiring such manner of treatment or of disposition of the sewage or other polluting material as may in its judgment be necessary to prevent the future pollution of such waters, or both. And it shall be the duty of the organization or person to whom such order is directed to fully comply with the said order of the State board of health. If the organization or person shall consider the requirements of the said order to be illegal or unjust or unreasonable an appeal therefrom within 30 days after the making of the order can be made to the district court of the county in which the pollution or polluted condition occurs; and the said court shall hear the said case without delay, and shall render a decision approving, setting aside. or modifying the said order, or fixing the terms upon which said permit shall be granted, and stating the reasons therefor.

Sewage is defined as any substance that contains any of the waste products or discharges from the bodies of human beings or animals, or chemical or other waste from domestic, manufacturing, or other forms of industry.

By organization in this regulation is meant municipality, company, corporation, or institution.

Human Excreta-Disposal. Toilets-Location, Construction, and Maintenance. (Reg. Bd. of H., Jan. 7, 1920.)

REG. 30. (a) Toilets; how constructed and located.-All human excreta must be disposed of in sewers, properly managed septic tanks, cesspools, or vaults. No cesspool or vault shall be located within 100 feet of any well, spring, stream, or cistern used as a source of domestic water supply, unless provided with a water-tight receptacle. No vault toilet shall be located within 25 feet of any dwelling. All toilets must be so constructed that flies can not come in contact with the toilet contents. All vaults must be cleaned when

the contents reach within 6 inches of the top of the vault, and at such other times as the local, county, or State health officer shall direct.

(b) No cesspool or septic tank shall be permitted where sewer connection is available.

(c) Public toilets.-All toilets used by guests or patrons of any public place or place of business must at all times be kept clean and free from dirt or filth, and the person, persons, firm, or corporation conducting such public place or place of business shall be responsible for the observance of this regulation, and it shall be the duty of the local or county health officer or his assistant to see that this regulation is enforced.

Garbage and Refuse-Disposal. (Reg. Bd. of H., Jan. 7, 1920.)

REG. 41. No house refuse, offal, garbage, dead animals, decaying vegetable matter, or organic waste matter of any kind shall be thrown upon any street, road, or public place; and no such refuse, putrescible or decaying animal or vegetable matter shall be kept in any house, cellar, or adjoining outhouses or premises for more than 48 hours in any incorporated or unincorporated city, town, village, or built-up community. All receptacles for such garbage, etc., shall be so constructed as to be of sufficient dimensions for the reception of all garbage, and shall be water-tight, made of tight-matched lumber or galvanized iron, and shall stand at least 9 inches from the ground and be provided with a suitable cover which must be kept properly adjusted to same, so as to protect the contents from flies, insects, rats and animals, or vermin. All garbage or refuse containers shall have their contents emptied at least once every 48 hours.

REG. 42. No filling in or making of land by the dumping of rubbish or other material shall be done within, or in the vicinity of, any incorporated or unincorporated city or town limits unless approved by the health officer having jurisdiction.

REG. 43. Cities having in force ordinances for the disposal of refuse and garbage equivalent to those demanded by the State board of health are not affected by these rules.

Manure-Disposal. (Reg. Bd. of H., Jan. 7, 1920.)

REG. 31. Disposal of animal ranure.-No person shall put any manure into any street. alley, or other highway within one-half mile of any house used as a residence. No person shall permit any manure to remain within 500 feet of any house used as a residence for a longer period than one week, unless such manure is contained in a fly-proof receptacle.

Common Drinking Cups and Common Towels-Prohibited in Public Places. (Reg. Bd. of H., Jan. 7, 1920.)

REG. 28. The common drinking cup prohibited.-No drinking cup, glass, or vessel for common use shall be provided in any car, vessel, vehicle, or other common carrier, nor in any depot or waiting room maintained in connection with any common carrier, nor in any State, county, [or] municipal public building, nor in any public park or on any public thoroughfare, nor in any public, private, or parochial school or educational insitution, nor in any theater or place of amusement, nor in any hotel, lodging house, or restaurant, nor in any room or corridor open to the public of any hospital, sanitarium, or asylum.

REG. 29. The common towel prohibited.-No towel for use by more than one person shall be provided in any car, vessel, vehicle, or other common carrier, nor in any depot or waiting room maintained in connection with any common