sion of the milk, regardless of the size of the herd or the facilities of the farm; and during the time the work has been carried on, the milk of several farmers, among them the largest single producer, has thus been. excluded.

The microscopical examination of the centrifugalized milk, carried out also in accordance with the method employed in the Boston board of health laboratory, gives a clue to probable infection of individual cows. by dangerous types of micro-organisms. The occurrence of leucocytes in even large numbers has been interpreted differently by different observers. The occurrence of streptococci, on the other hand, has been generally accepted as indicating infection of some sort in the udder or teats of the cow. Whenever, therefore, streptococci in large numbers have been found, whether or not with large numbers of leucocytes, the result has been accepted as an indication of inflammatory processes, the dairy from which the milk was derived has been visited without delay, and samples of milk have been taken from each of the cows. In this way it has been found possible to locate without difficulty the exact source of infection, and the cows thus shown to be at fault have been quarantined until subsequent examination has shown them to have returned to normal condition.

During the quarantine period the milk from these cows is rejected, while that from all the other cows of the herd is sent in as usual, and the loss to the farmer is consequently small.

The company also has attempted to guard against infection of milk, and consequent possible danger to the consumers, in case of the occurrence of infectious disease on any of the farms. To do this, the co-operation of the physicians of the district and of the farmers themselves is secured as far as possible. As soon as illness is reported, the place is visited by the bacteriologist, and a thorough disinfection of the cow stable and milk house is insisted upon, disinfecting solution is supplied, and directions for carrying out disinfection are given. The milk from the farm is rejected, so that no danger results from admixture of this to other milk, and it is only on a notification of release by the bacteriologist that the milk is again received. In order to make as sure as possible that the farmer will notify the company in case of any illness on his premises, the plan has been adopted of paying for the milk during the quarantine period, the loss thus falling upon the firm, and not upon the producer. Thus protected from financial loss, the farmer is generally willing to notify the company at once. Furthermore, an arrangement is made with the physicians of the neighborhood to report immediately any case of communicable disease falling under their observation.

The same precautions have been observed not merely on the farms,

but also throughout the whole process of handling the milk until it reaches the consumer.

In addition to the inspection work, which already has been described, an attempt has been made to instruct the farmers and all others engaged in handling the milk; and to this end a booklet on clean milk, prepared by the bacteriologist, which describes the action of bacteria on milk and the chief methods of infection, has been distributed. The danger of contamination from dirty cows, dirty utensils, dirty barns and dirty human beings is emphasized; the effect of heat on the rate of growth of bacteria, and the inhibiting action of cold are described fully and simply, so that all may understand that extreme cleanliness and cold are the two chief factors in the production of a safe and satisfactory supply.

ADDITIONAL COCAINE PREPARATIONS ADVERTISED AS

UNSALABLE.

The Miles Mixture for Catarrh, Miles Medicine Company, Boston. Vin Tonique Mariani, Mariani, 41 Bd. Haussman (Paris).