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But why the back turned to that sacred place,-
As thy unhappy father's was,-to Grace?
Why here, like Tantalus, in torments placed,

To view those waters which thou canst not taste?
Though, by thy proffered globe, we may perceive,
That for a dram thou the whole world wouldst give.

And elsewhere we find the same vice alluded to:

When brandy Nan became our Queen,

'Twas all a drunken story;

From noon to night I dranked and smoked,
And so was thought a Tory;

Brimful of wine, all sober folk

We damned, and moderation;

And for right Nantes we pawned to France
Our goods and reputation.*

66

Having said thus much, it is but fair to remark, that the Duchess of Marlborough, notwithstanding her well-known hostility to the memory of her former mistress, hastens to rescue the Queen's character from the charge brought against her. know," says the Duchess, "that in some libels she has been reproached as one who indulged herself in drinking strong liquors, but I believe this was utterly groundless, and that she never went beyond such a quantity of strong wine, as her physicians judged to be necessary for her." If there was ever an excuse for an unfortunate woman seeking for relief from care and thought, in the adventitious excitement produced by strong drinks, it was

* "Parody on the Vicar of Bray, by Thomas Dampier, Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and afterward Under-master of Eton School."-Cole's MSS. vol. i. p. 145.

in the case of Queen Anne, who, in addition to the cares of sovereignty, had lost a beloved husband in the prime of his existence, and had seen her numerous offspring, amounting to no fewer than nineteen in number,-descend one by one to an untimely grave. The testimony, however, of the Duchess of Marlborough,—which is rendered the more valuable from her known hostility to her royal mistress,—must either be considered as a complete refutation of the charge of intemperance, or else the vice must have been contracted at a later period of the Queen's life, when the Duchess had ceased to have opportunities of acquainting herself with the personal habits of her sovereign.

The statue of Queen Anne in St. Paul's Churchyard is the work of one Francis Bird, whose fame as an artist rests principally on his conspicuous recumbent effigy of Dr. Busby in Westminster Abbey. Neither one nor the other deserve any particular commendation. The former, however, has met with its admirers: Defoe, in his "Journey through England," speaks of it as being "very masterly done," and Garth has commemorated it in some indifferent adulatory verses.

The trees, which in the days of Queen Elizabeth were the pride of St. Paul's Churchyard, have long since passed away. Sir John Moore, in a letter addressed to Sir Ralph Winwood, in June 1611, mentions "an exceeding high wind," which had blown down "the greatest elm in Paul's Church

yard."

The last of the grove disappeared a few

years since.

Mr. Leigh Hunt mentions having met with a child, whose existence was so entirely artificial, that it had formed no notion of a tree, but from "that single one in St. Paul's Churchyard." This tree is said to have marked the site of the famous Paul's Cross.

On the north side of, and running parallel with, St. Paul's Cathedral, is Paternoster Row. "This street," writes Strype in 1720, "before the fire of London, was taken up by eminent mercers, silkmen, and lacemen; and their shops were so resorted unto by the nobility and gentry, in their coaches, that oft times the street was so stopped up that there was no passage no passage for foot passengers. But since the said fire, those eminent tradesmen have settled themselves in several other parts, especially in Covent Garden, in Bedford Street, Henrietta Street, and King Street. And the inhabitants in this street are now a mixture of tradespeople, and chiefly tire-women, for the sale of commodes, topknots, and the like dressings for the females. There are also many shops for mercers and silkmen; and at the upper end some stationers, and large warehouses for booksellers; well situated for learned and studious men's access thither; being more retired and private."

Paternoster Row is said to derive its name from its having been anciently frequented by the venders of Pater-nosters, beads, rosaries, &c., who hawked them to religious individuals on their way to mass

in St. Paul's Cathedral. Here, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, the famous clown, Richard Tarlton, kept his ordinary, known as the "Castle," which is said to have stood nearly on the spot where Dolly's Chop House now stands. He subsequently kept an ordinary, known as the "Tabor," in Gracechurch Street.

It was in Paternoster Row, that the beautiful but abandoned Frances Howard, Countess of Essex, was in the habit of clandestinely meeting her lover, the Earl of Somerset, to whom she was subsequently married. Their assignations took place at the house of a Mrs. Turner who was afterwards executed for her share in the murder of Sir Thomas

Overbury. It seems probable that Mrs. Turner kept one of the fashionable shops in Paternoster Row, for the sale of female attire, to which Strype alludes; inasmuch as we find her famous in the world of fashion, in the reign of James the First, as the person who first introduced yellow starch into ruffs. When Coke, the Lord Chief Justice, passed sentence of death upon her, he added the strange order, that "as she was the person who had brought yellow starched ruffs into vogue, she should be hanged in that dress, that the same might end in shame and detestation." Sir Symonds d'Ewes informs us, that the wretched woman appeared on her trial in the fashion which she had introduced; a circumstance which, perhaps, may account for the order issued by the judge. Even the hangman who executed her was decorated with yellow ruffs

on the occasion; no wonder, therefore, as Sir Symonds d'Ewes informs us, that the fashion grew to be generally detested and disused.

Between Paternoster Row and Newgate Street is Lovell's Court, which stands on the site of a mansion of the gallant family of the Lovells, Barons and Viscounts Lovel of Tichmarsh, in Northamptonshire. The last of the race who appears to have resided here was Francis, first and last Viscount, who held the appointments of Chamberlain of the Household and Chief Butler of England, in the reign of Richard the Third. His fate was a melancholy and a mysterious one. He had fought side by side with his royal master at the battle of Bosworth, from which he had the good fortune to escape with his life, and having succeeded in reaching the Continent, was received with great kindness and distinction by Margaret Duchess of Burgundy, sister to the late King, Edward the Fourth. We subsequently find him joining the standard of the Earl of Lincoln, in the invasion of 1487, and acting a conspicuous part in the sanguinary battle of Stoke, where the forces of Henry the Seventh proved victorious. Here, again, he escaped the fire of the enemy, and, when last seen, was urging his horse across the river, in hopes of gaining the opposite side. According to Lord Bacon, he attempted to ascend the bank; but it was too steep for him, and he was drowned. Other, however, and more mysterious rumours regarding his fate were long prevalent among the friends and retainers of his ancient

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