About this book
OF THE
FRENCH REVOLUTION,
FROM
4789 TO 1814.
BY A. F. MIGNET.
K
PARIS:
PUBLISHED BY A. AND W. GALIGNANI,
AT THE ENGLISH, FRENCH, ITALIAN, GERMAN AND SPANISH, LIBRARY, 18, rue vivienne.
1827.
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
PAGE
3
8
14
Character of the French revolution; its results; its
progress
Successive forms of the monarchy
Louis XIV and Louis XV.
State of intelligence, of the finances, of the power and
wants of the people, when Louis XVI ascended
the throne; his character
Maurepas, prime minister; his policy.
He chooses popular and reforming ministers; with what
object.
Turgot, Malsherbes, Necker; their plans; they en-
counter the opposition of the court and the privi-
leged orders; their failure
Influence of the queen Marie Antoinette
Courtier ministers succeed the popular ministers
Calonne and his system
Brienne; his character; his attempts
Distressed condition of the finances; opposition of the
assembly of notables; opposition of the parliament;
opposition of the provinces.
Retirement of Brienne; second ministry of Necker
Convocation of the states-general
How the revolution had become inevitable
CHAPTER I.
Opening of the states-general
17
Opinions of the court, of the ministry, of the different
bodies of the realm, touching the states
26
27
Verification of the powers; question of the vote by
order or by poll
The order of the commons forms itself into the national
assembly
28
37
The court causes the hall of the state to be closed; oath
of the Tennis Court
The majority of the order of the clergy re-unites itself
to the order of the commons
Royal sitting of the 23rd June; its inutility
Projects of the court; events of the 12th, 13th, and
14th July; retirement of Necker; insurrection of
Paris; formation of the national guard; siege and
capture of the Bastile
The consequences of the 14th July
Decrees of the night of the 14th August
Character of the revolution which had been operated
CHAPTER II.
State of the constituent assembly
43
63
.
65
Party of the high clergy and the noblesse; Maury and
Cazalès
Party of the minister and of the two chambers; Mounier,
Lally-Tollendat
The popular party; the triumvirate of Barnave, Duport,
and Lameth; its position; influence of Siéyes;
Mirabeau, leader of the assembly at this epoch
The party of Orléans .
Constitutional labours; declaration of rights; perma-
nence and unity of the legislative body; royal sanc-
tion; the external agitation which it produces
Project of the court; banquet of the garde-du-corps
Insurrection of the 5th and 6th October
The king comes to live in Paris
66
67
Change of the provinces into departments; organization
73
78
81
86
87
of the administrative and municipal authorities on
the system of the popular sovereignty, and of elec-
tion
Finances; all the means which were resorted to found
insufficient; the benefices of the clergy proclaimed
national property
The sale of the benefices of the clergy leads to the
assignats
94
Civil constitution of the clergy; opposition of the bishops 96
Anniversary of the 14th July; abolition of tithes ; federa-
tion of the Champ-de-Mars
103
New organization of the army; opposition of the officers 107
The schism of the civil constitution of the clergy.
Clubs
During all this period the separation of the parties be-
comes more and more decided
114
111
115
CHAPTER IV..
Politics of Europe before the French Revolution.
. 116
The system of alliance adopted by the different states. 117
General coalition against the revolution; motives of
each power
Declaration of Mantua
Flight to Varennes; arrest of the king; his suspension 119
The republican party, for the first time, separates itself
from the constitutional-monarchy party .
This last re-establishes the king
Declaration of Pilnitz .
The king accepts the constitution; end of the consti- tuent assembly; opinion upon it.
́CHAPTER V.
First interviews of the legislative assembly with the
king.
132
