Origins of Anatomically Modern HumansDoris V. Nitecki, Matthew H. Nitecki Springer Science & Business Media, 2013 M11 11 - 341 pages This volume is based on the Field Museum of Natural History Spring System atics Symposium held in Chicago on May 11, 1991. The financial support of Ray and Jean Auel and of the Field Museum is gratefully acknowledged. When we teach or write, we present only those elements that support our arguments. We avoid all weak points of our debate and all the uncer tainties of our models. Thus, we offer hypotheses as facts. Multiauthored books like ours, which simultaneously advocate and question diverse views, avoid the pitfalls and lessen the impact of indoctrination. In this volume we analyze the anthropological and biological disagreements and the positions taken on the origins of modern humans, point out difficultieswith the inter pretations, and suggest that the concept of the human origin can be explained only when we first attempt to define Homo sapiens sapiens. One of the major controversies in physical anthropology concerns the geographic origin of anatomically modern humans. It is undisputed, due to the extensive research of the Leakeys and their colleagues, that the family Hominidae originated in Africa, but the geographic origin of Homo sapiens sapiens is less concretely accepted. Two schools of thought existon this topic. |
Contents
1 | |
7 | |
Conclusion | 14 |
Similarities | 20 |
Chapter 2 The Contributions of Southwest Asia to the Study | 23 |
Middle and Upper Paleolithic Human Behavior as Reflected | 43 |
Discussion | 50 |
Concluding Remarks | 56 |
MULTIREGIONAL HYPOTHESIS | 173 |
Complete ReplacementThe Eve Theory | 179 |
Contradictions | 180 |
Evidence from Africa | 189 |
References | 195 |
Species Concepts and Hybridization Zones | 203 |
The Modern Synthesis and Regional Continuity | 213 |
Samples Species and Speculations in the Study | 227 |
Hominids Energy Environment and Behavior | 67 |
Southwest AsiaThe Biocultural Evidence | 73 |
What Happened to the Western European Neandertals? | 81 |
Conclusions | 87 |
Behavioral and Cultural Changes at the Middle | 93 |
References | 100 |
Olga Soffer | 106 |
The Transition Scenario | 112 |
New Advances in the Field of Ice Age | 121 |
New Techniques of Analysis | 128 |
Applications of New mtDNA Techniques | 141 |
References | 147 |
19751978 | 155 |
19851988 | 163 |
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Common terms and phrases
A. A. Balkema Acheulean anatomically modern humans archaeological archaic artifacts Asia Asian assemblages Aurignacian Bar-Yosef behavior Behavioural and Biological bifaces Biological Perspectives bone Border Cave C. B. Stringer Cann Châtelperronian cladistic Controversies in Homo cranial dates early modern Edinburgh University Press Emergence of Modern Eurasia Europe Eve theory evolutionary F. H. Smith fauna flake Fossil Evidence fossil record frontal gene flow genetic Grün hominid Homo erectus Homo sapiens Evolution human evolution human populations hybridization industry Irhoud Journal of Human Kebara Ksar Akil Late Pleistocene Levallois Levant Levantine lineages lithic mandible Mellars Middle Paleolithic Middle Pleistocene mitochondrial DNA modern human origins morphological Mousterian mtDNA nasal Neandertals Origins of Modern pattern Pleistocene hominids Qafzeh recent sample sequence Skhul Skhul/Qafzeh southern speciation species specimens Stoneking substantial supraorbital Tabun tion torus transition Trinkaus Upper Paleolithic Upper Pleistocene Valladas Vandermeersch Vindija Western Wolpoff Zhoukoudian Zuttiyeh