...interest in a majority at the same time must be prevented, or the majority, having such coexistent passion or interest, must be rendered, by their number and local situation, unable to concert and carry iuto effect schemes of oppression. If the impulse and the opportunity be suffered to coincide, we well...

...in the Federalist, "If the impulse and the opportunity (to carry into effect schemes of oppression) be suffered to coincide, we well know that neither moral nor religious scruples can be relied on as a means of control." Or again, "So strong is this propensity of mankind...

...cannot be removed. . . . Relief is only to be sought in the means of controlling its effects. . . . Neither moral nor religious motives can be relied on as an adequate control.5 It is but a step from such arguments as these to the conclusion that in a properly designed...

...were more skeptical about its effectiveness. As James Madison put it in The Federalist Papers, no. 10, "If the impulse and the opportunity be suffered to...motives can be relied on as an adequate control." And in The Federalist Papers, no. 51, where he explains the principle of constitutional checks and...

...he added in concluding this splendid piece of logic '"the majority, having such coexistent passion or 'interest, must be rendered by their number and...situation unable to concert and carry into effect jSchemes of oppression" ; and in his opinion it was the great merit of the newly framed Constitution...

...to fire its destructive agency." Madison continued, "If the impulse [ie, self-interest of factions] and the opportunity be suffered to coincide, we well...motives can be relied on as an adequate control." 92 And it is in Federalist No. 51 that Madison responded to the dilemma most forcefully. In brief,...

...1094 b 11 ff. 43. "If the impulse and the opportunity [for the oppression of one faction by another] be suffered to coincide, we well know that neither...motives can be relied on as an adequate control." Madison, Federalist Papers, no. 10, p. 49. We must notice the resemblances between Madison and Calhoun...

...363. 30Ibid., 342. abuse." It is also antithetical to Publius's admonition regarding factions that If the impulse and the opportunity be suffered to...control. They are not found to be such on the injustice of individuals, and lose their efficacy in proportion to the number combined together, that is, in...

...Madison declared, "If the impulse and the opportunity" to carry "into effect schemes of oppression ... be suffered to coincide, we well know that neither...motives can be relied on as an adequate control." 34. Federalist No. 6, 3 1 . 35. Federalist No. 61, 412, No. 10, 59. 36. Federalist No. 10,59. 37. Federalist...

...interest in a majority at the same time must be prevented, or the majority, having such coexistent passion or interest, must be rendered, by their number and local situation, unable to concert and cany into effect schemes of oppression. If the impulse and the opportunity be suffered to coincide,...